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The Future of Mobile Wireless Communication Networks

Conference Paper · March 2009


DOI: 10.1109/ICCSN.2009.105 · Source: IEEE Xplore

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2009 International Conferellce on Communication Software and Networks

The Future ofMobile Wireless Communication Networks

Xichun Li,Abudulla Gani Rosli Salleh,Omar Zakaria

Department ofComputer System and Technology Department of Computer System and Technology
Faculty of Computer Science and Information Faculty of Computer Science and Information
Technology,University of Malaya 50603 Technology,University ofMalaya 50603
Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Lixichun(&,vahoo.com,Abdullah@um.edu.mY Rosli salleh@um.edu.my,omarzakaria@——um.edu.my

Abstract--The future of mobile wireless communication beyond the limitations and problems of 3G,but also to
networks will be expeHenced several generations as which have enhance the quali够of services,to increase the bandwidth
been experienced.This kind of development will drive the and to reduce the cost of the resource【2】.
researches of information technology in industrial area.In this The 5th wireless mobilemultimedia internet networks
paper'we predict the future generations of mobile wireless call becompleted wireless communication without
communication networks including 4th,5th,6th and 7‘“
limitation,which bring us perfect real world wireless.World
generafions.The main objective of this paper is to propose a Wide Wireless Web(WWWW).5G is based on 4G
technical frame for industry in the future.Thus.this paper虹
technologies,which is to be revolution 5G.During this
to
focused on the specification of futIlre generations of wireless
processing,there are two kind of problems need to be solved.
mobile communication networks.
The first is wider coverage and the second is freedom of
movement from one technology to another.The 6th

Keywords-1G.2G.SG,4G,sG.6G.7G
generation(6G)wireless mobile communication networks
shall integrate satellites to get global coverage.111c 910bal
coverage systems have been developed by four courtiers.
Thc gIobal position system(GPS)is developed by USA.The
Wireless mobile communication networks have been COM口ASS system is developed by China.The Galileo

experienced three generations of change.The first generation system is developed by EU,and the GLONASS system is
(1G)wireless mobile communication network was analog developed by Russia『31.These independed systems are
systern which was used for public voice service with the space roaming.11le协Sk of 7th generation f7(订
difficulty for
wireless mobile communication networks are going to unite
speed up t0 2.4kbps f11.111e second generation(2G)is based
on digital technology and network infrastructure.As the four systems to get space roaming
compared the first generation,the second generation Call
to

support乇ext messaging.Its success and the growth of


demand for online information via the internet prompted the
A.The First Generation n G)-Analog System
development of cellular wireless system with improved data
connectivity,which ultimately lead to the third generation
systems(3G)。 Actually,the first generation wireless mobile
3G systems refer to the developing technology communication system is digital technology,but analog
not

standards for the next generation of mobile communications cellular telephone system which was used for voice service

systems.One of the main


goal of the standardization efforts only during the early 1980s【4】.砸sAdvanced Mobile
of 3G is to cTeate a universal infrastructure that is able to Phone System(aMPS)was a frequency modulated analog
support existing and future services.This requires that the mobile radio system using Frequency Division Multiple
infrastructure be designed so that it can evolve as technology Access(FDMA)with 30kHz channels occupying the
changes,without compromising the existing services on the 824N胞一894Ⅳ毗z frequency band and a first commercial
existing networks.Separation of aecess technology,transport eellular system deployed uatil the early 1990’s[51.

technology,service technology and user application from


each other make this demanding requirement possible.
B.The Second Generation(2G)-Digital System
硼岫4th Generation(4G)wireless mobile internet
networks are research items in academy,which will integrate
3G eellular The second generation(2G)wireless
current existing networks(i.e.,OFDM, mobile systems are
CDMA2000,WCDMA and TD SCDMA)and Wi-Fi(i.e., digital cellular systems.Comparing with the first generation,
Wireless LaN)networks with fixed internet to support the second generation wireless system used digital
wireless mobile internet髂the same quality of service as modulation scheme,such as time division multiple access
敝ed internet,which is a/1 evolution not only to move (TDMA)and code division multiple access(CDMA).Based

2009髓E
978-0-7695—3522.7/09¥25.00 0
DOI 10.1 109/ICCSN.2009.105
554
@co堍南
on the two techniques,there were three primary 2G mobile communication between the radio access networks and
communication systems.They are TDMA(IS.136).CDMA mobile users.This kind of integration combines multiple

(IS-95),and GSM f61.TDMA(IS.136),勰a completely radio access interfaces into a single network to provide
digital system,was deployed in North America in 1993.but seamless roaming/handoff and the best connected services
operated in the AN口S frequency band of 824^mz.894^忸z. 【1l】.
CDMA(IS.95)systems using Direct Sequence Spread
Spectrum fDSSS)are working on the 1850-1990Ⅻz TABLE L COMPARISON OF 3G AND 4G

frequency band to support CDMA carriers.This speclrum is


Items
commonly called Personal Communications Services 0'cs). 3G 4G

GSM is the most widely used 2G standard.accounting for Full-mobility.up to lOOMbps


about 66 percent of the world market in the year 2004【7】. Speed Upt02Mbvs Low-mobiliW:up to IGbps

Standards were developed to provide both data service,and Difficulty of global


Services
increase the data rate networks.General Packet
in GSM roaming Roaming smoothly
Wide-area concept
Radio Service(GPRS、was a packet overlay network
Circuit and packet Broadband,Entirely IP-based
designed to provide data services in a GSM network.GPI峪 Core Network switching packet switching
utilized the same frame slructure髓GSM.and supported a All access convergence
WCDM,
illaximuul data rate of 21.4kbps『81.The GPRs infraslrueture CDMA2000, including:OFDM,MC-CDMA,
added two new nodes to the GSM network,t11e Gateway Tcchnologies TD.SCDMA LAs.CDM八Network・LMPS
GPRS Support Node rGGSN)and也e Serving GPRS

Support Node(SGSN).The GGsN served觞a gateway to


B.The Fifth Generation f5 G)-Real Wireless Worm System
external data networks and tunneled data tra伍c to the

appropriate SGSN,The SGSN was responsible for delivering


data packets to the mobile user. The 5m wireless mobile internet networks黜real
wireless world which shall be supported by LAS—CDMA,
OFDM,MC-CDMA,UWB,Network-LMDS and
IPv6【121.
C.The Third Generation f3G)-Internet System 口v6 is a basic protocol for running on bo血4G and 5G.

The goal of 3G wireless systems was to provide wireless


data service with data rates of 144kbps to 384kbps in wide
Tm训gaya Nc呻啊k L碍口 .rI岍
coverage areas,and 2Mbps in local coverage areas.Possible

applications included wireless web-based access,E.mail,镐


well as video teleconferencing and multimedia services Bmdwidlh 口而 h“hm
consisting of mixed voice and data streams.After ten years Mamgmcat Mm蜩aca

of development,IMT-2000(International Mobile
Telecommunications.2000、has accepted a new 3G standard
from Cllina.i.e TD.SCDMA.Thus,there are new three 3G
network standards.They
cellular are C:DMA2000 from
、I耐wi陆r
America,WCDMA from Europe and TD.SCDMA from

China【9】.
.}M幽L
。MC-CDMA|
ⅡI.THE FUTURE OF WIRELESS MOBILE COMMUNICAITON

NETWORKS WU■

A.The Fourth Generation(4G)・Integration System


刈B~andwi出啄
1 ,

The 4G mobile system is an aU p-based network system.


The features of 4G may be summarized with one wor(卜
integration『lO].4G technology should integrate different
current existing and future wireless network technologies Bmdwidh
(e.g.OFDM,MC.CDMA,LAS—CDMA and Network- sclectMm
Pack't Raxim

LMDSl to ensure freedom of movement and seamless


roaming from one technology to another.These will provide
multimedia applications to mobile users by accessing
different technologies in a continuous and always best
connection possible.
4G networks can integrate several radio access networks
with fixed intemet networks as the backbone(Table l、.A The problem is that 5G is designed for World Wide
core interface sits in between core network and radio access Wireless Web(WWWW)to mobile user's based on network
networks,and a collection of radio interfaces is used for access management,but IPv6 assigns any IP address to any

555
mobile node based location management.This will the next generation(7G)mobile communication networks
the蹦is
on cause

5G wireless networks resources waste and occur.


di币culty working on the World Wide Wireless Web
(WWWW).In order solve this problenl.we have proposed
to
D The Seventh Generation(7G)-Space Roaming/Handoff
the bandwidth optimization control protocoI and the mix-
bandwidth data path for future 5G real wireless world f91. System

Thc bandwidth optimization control protocol∞OCP)is


implemented in between MAC layer and TCP佃layer, The 7G system can bc supported by the global navigation
which is used to establish the mix.bandwidth(Figure 1). satellite systern,the telecommunication
satellite system,the
earth image satellite system and the 6G cellular system.111e

global navigation satellites systems are essentially determine


C The Sixth Generation伍6})一with Satellite&stem a use’s positiom The telecommunication satellite system can
supply the voice and multimedia data for user’s
们1e 6m generation mobile communication networks can communication requirement.The earth image satellite
integrate satellite communication networks and 5G to make system contains the weather information as extra service for
global coverage.which is shown in Figure 4. Satellite mobile nsers.And the 6G cellular network system can be a
communications networks consist of navigation satellite wireless local network system to supply local voice and
networks,telecommunication satellite networks and Earth multimedia data services.Comparing witll the satellites.
imaging satellites networks f31.The navigation satellite cellular base stations are much cheaper and stable.The
networks arc used for global position,the telecommnnication satellites are so expensive and to do movement to COVer
satellite networks are used for global telephony,multimedia larger area。In fact,these satellites are constantly moving at
video and high.speed Interact connectivity and the Earth speeds of roughly 7,000 miles an hour,which are making
imaging satellite networks are used for resource monitoring two complete orbits in less than 24 hours『31.Thus,the
and weather information.To integrate these three kinds of handofffroaming must happen between each satellite.
satellite networks to provide position identifier。multimedia Furthermore, any two different saIcellite systems ale
and internet connectivity,and weather information services necessary for handoff/roaming when mobile users moving
for mobile users arc key objectives for 6G(Figure 2). from one country to anther.Tllis kind of handoff/roaming is

space handoff/roaming.

In this paper,we have reviewed the 1 st,2nd and 3rd


generation mobile communication technology and predicted
the future generations of4th,5th,6th and 7th.The time table
of the seven generation directions has been shown in Figure
3.

Figure 2.6G with Satellite Netwo出

Five countries have been announced to develop their


Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNss).Actually'US
military has deployed Global Position System(GPS)many
years.European Galileo.Chinese COM口ASS and Russian
GLONASS have being develo[Ied and deployed by military

only【3】.
Since 5G is migration from 4G which is based on MC.
CDMA standard,if 6G integrate 5G with these four satellite
networks.6G should have f0111"standards.On the o也er
The first (1G) wireless mobile
words,there are fourtechnologies,networks and systems on generation

6G.Handoff/roaming must happen on space between any communication system is analog system which was used for
two networks and systems and technologies.This will drive public voice service with the speed up to 2.4kbps.It was

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