Background Research

Grass cutter machines have become very popular today. Most of the times, grass
cutter machines are used for soft grass furnishing. In a time where technology is
merging with environmental awareness, consumers are looking for ways to
contribute to the relief of their own carbon footprints. Pollution is man-made and
can be seen in our own daily lives, more specifically in our own homes. Herein, we
propose a model of the automatic grass cutting machine powered through solar
energy, (nonrenewable energy).

Automatic grass cutting machine is a machine which is going to perform the grass
cutting operation on its own. This model reduces both environment and noise
pollution. Our new design for an old and outdated habit will help both customer
and the environment. This project of a solar powered automatic grass cutter will
relieve the consumer from mowing their own lawns and will reduce both
environmental and noise pollution. This design is meant to be an alternate green
option to the popular and environmentally hazardous fuel powered lawn mower.
Ultimately, the consumer will be doing more for the environment while doing less
work in their daily lives. The hope is to keep working on this project until a
suitable design can be implemented and then be ultimately placed on the marker.
[1]

Problem Statement

 The past technology of grass cutting is manually operated by the use of hand
devices like scissor, these results into more human effort and more time required
accomplishing the work. Also in old methods lack of uniformity of the remaining
grass. Also due to the use of engine powered machines increases the air and noise
pollution also this grass cutter require maintenance.

 The purpose is to avoid energy crisis in Ghana and reduces the human efforts,
operating cost and maintenance cost.[1]

Aims

The aim is to make a daily usage robot which is used for cutting the grasses in
gardens. The system remains automated for the guidance and obstacle detection. It
works much the same as the Robot mower with a boundary wire implanted at the
border of your lawn.

This paper describes manually handled device is commonly used for cutting the
grass over the field which creates pollution and loss of energy.

Automatic solar grass cutter which will reduce the effort required for cut lawns.
Also solar power will be used to provide the driving force for the cutter. In this
paper, by using the solar energy grass cutting robot with rotary blades are
fabricated. To generate the electricity, the solar energy gets absorbed by the
photovoltaic cells and converts solar energy into electrical energy. The cells are
grouped in the form of arrays or panels. The panel is placed in such a way that to
absorb the high intensity from sun light and it inclined at 45 degrees. The main
function of the solar charger is to increase the current while charging and
disconnect once there fully charged. To start or stop the motors, circuit breakers
are used.[2]
 Objectives

The objective of the proposed work is to the design and construct the automated
grass cutting robotic vehicle powered by solar energy which avoids obstacles
without the need of human interaction. The system uses 12V batteries to power the
vehicle movement motors as well as the grass cutter motor. The system uses a solar
panel to charge the battery and also an externally charging slot. The grass cutter
and vehicle motors are interfaced to Arduino that controls the working of all the
motors.[3]

Methodology

 The source is determined commencing from solar energy using a solar panel
that energizes the battery and makes use of for driving the process of the
system.
 The microcontroller controls the entire system.
 A 40 kHz ultrasonic sensor, microcontrollers are used to automated the
system. These are helpful for object detection.
 DC motors are used for wheel movement and cutting operations.
 An L298 driver circuit is used to achieve the compatibility of motors and
the microcontrollers. Here, the output of the microcontroller enhances by
using the driver circuit.
 The cutting action of the blade is delivered by a motor of 1000rpm. The
previous technology know-how of grass slicing cutting is hand-operated
 with the aid of the use of hand gadgets like cutters, scissors, these
consequences in better human work, and abundant time necessary for
accomplishing the work. Also in old techniques deficiency of uniformity of
the remaining grasses. The usage of engine-powered machines will increase
sound and air pollution. Additionally, these machines require high
maintenance. Nowadays grass cutting machines are turning into very
popular. In the olden model of grasscutter, the IC engine is used, and
subsequently, due to the fact of ecological influence, air contamination level
growths and IC engine grass cutters are also more costly. Looking after such
a traditional grass cutter is more. Headed to cling away from these
disadvantages we make a strategy to construct an innovative kind of
photovoltaic power and this mannequin is additionally economical. The
main goal behind this project is headed for reducing the grass which
functions on photovoltaic power consequently except for electrical energy
and diminishes manpower. In this project, a microcontroller is used for
controlling quite several operations of the grass cutter. Also,

the grass cutter operates

automatically and much less usage of manpower, for this reason, it does now not
require a professional individual to operate.[4]

1 Product (Hardware & Software) Requirements:

Components used:

1. Arduino Uno
2. Body of the vehicle

3. Greensward Cutting Razor blade

4. Photovoltaic Panel

5. Motor Driver IC

6. DC Motors

7. Ultrasonic Sensor

8. Robotic Body

Software used:

1. Arduino IDE
References:

[1] P. S. M. Patil, B. Prajakta, K. Snehal, and P. Dhanashri, “Smart Solar Grass

Cutter With Lawn Coverage,” Int. Res. J. Eng. Technol., vol. 05, no. 03, pp.
3476–3479, 2018.

[2] A. D. Shah, S. J. Mujawar, P. R. Sutar, and S. R. Prasad, “Solar Powered

Intelligent Grass Cutter Robot,” Int. J. Sci. Dev. Res., vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 229–
234, 2020.

[3] S. Pm, A. S. Manaf, E. Joseph, and A. Ahmed, “SOLAR POWERED

AUTOMATIC GRASS CUTTER,” no. July, pp. 1415–1418, 2020.

[4] D. Athina, D. Kiran Kumar, R. B. Kalyani, and K. Vittal, “Solar Grass Cutter
Using Embedded Platform An Experimental Validation,” IOP Conf. Ser.
Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 1057, no. 1, p. 012086, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1757-
899x/1057/1/012086.