ZNOTES.

ORG

UPDATED TO 2020 SYLLABUS

CAIE IGCSE
ISLAMIYAT (0493)
SUMMARIZED NOTES ON THE SYLLABUS
CAIE IGCSE ISLAMIYAT (0493)
1. Major Teachings Of Hadiths
Hadith 1
Main Teachings
Islam is based on sincerity
Be sincere to Islam and people
Implementation
Sincere to Allah and Quran by following Sharia
Sincerity to the Prophet was shown by his
Companions when
they stood by him. Respect is earned by doing hard work
Hadith 2
Main Teachings
Have concern for others around us
This is part of our faith
Implementation
Countries giving refuge to people
Give Zakaat to help people
Think good about each other
Hadith 3
Main Teachings
Every Muslim should be kind
Should talk good and be hospitable
Implementation
Not curse or back bite
Be calm during conflicts and try to solve them
Abu Talha fed his hungry guests though he barely
had food
and this was appreciated by Allah Provide financial assistance and food to orphans
Hadith 4
Main Teachings
Islam is a simple religion
For Paradise one has to follow basic rules
Implementation
Practise 5 pillars
Be mindful of Haram and Halal
Hadith 5
Main Teachings
Give examples of charity to follow in daily life
Worship includes acts of kindness too
Implementation
Perform actions with intention of helping others
Prophet(pbuh)used to share meals with poor
Hadith 6
Main Teachings
Prevent others from evil
Not doing this is weakest respond
Implementation
Correct social evils such as reporting theft
Make people aware or wrong
He (pbuh) prevented Meccans from wrong acts
Hadith 7
Main Teachings
Best believers are ready to sacrifice for Islam
Refers to spiritual and financial Jihad
Implementation
Strive by doing social work
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Companions financially contributed in Tabuk
Hadith 8
Main Teachings
Martyr are also people who die practising Islam
Allah rewards people who are obedient to Him
Implementation
Muslims can engage in other types of Jihad
Fulfil rights of humans and Allah
Hadith 9
Main Teachings
Earn from lawful means
Implementation
Stay away from corruption and bribery
Be self-sufficient and grateful
All Prophets earned by doing hard work
Hadith 10
Main Teachings
Human rights are as important as Rights of Allah
Should help people vulnerable to society
Implementation
Be aware of needs of people and fulfil them
Abu Bakr used to help an old widow
Hadith 11
Main Teachings
Great reward for people who care for orphans
Reminds people to be kind and just to orphans
Implementation
Prophet(pbuh) was always kind to orphans
Hadith 12
Main Teachings
Highlights responsibilities of rulers
Tells them to treat people with love
Implementation
Remember Allah has all authority
Always look for ease of people
He (pbuh) would listen to problems of people
Hadith 13
Main Teachings
Read Quran and implement it
Quran keeps Muslims from going astray
Implementation
Read Quran daily with meaning
Perform tarawih for recitation of Quran
Hadith 14
Main Teachings
Principles of business transactions
Be kind and fair in dealings
Implementation
Not take too much profit or interest
Return money on time
Khadija married Prophet(pbuh) for his honesty
Hadith 15
Main Teachings
Muslims to be kind and merciful
Allah rewards people who have these traits
CAIE IGCSE ISLAMIYAT (0493)

Implementation
Do small acts of kindness
compilers
Prophet(pbuh) forgave Quraish
Hadith 16
Main Teachings
Declare Muslims as one brotherhood
Muslims should support each other
Implementation
Help Muslims in war torn countries
Ansars helped Muhajirs in 622 AD
Hadith 17
Main Teachings
Being modest brings peace
Be respectful of society
Implementation
Not be extremist or liberal
Prophet(pbuh) never spoke loudly
Appreciate Allah’s blessings
Hadith 18
Main Teachings
Be humble as pride leads to hell
True faith makes people close to Allah
Implementation
Not be arrogant by following Prophet(pbuh)
Iblis was thrown out due to his pride
Hadith 19
Main Teachings
Right path is tough but leads to Paradise
Wrong path is easy but leads to Hell
Implementation
Reject all types of attractions that lead to hell
Quraish bribed Prophet(pbuh) but he rejected it
Hadith 20
Main Teachings
Allah does not look at worldly status of people
Allah only cares about our intentions and deeds
Implementation
Actions based on sincerity not for false praises
Bilal was appointed as muezzin for his faith
Imam Malik Bin Anas and Imam Ahmed Bin Hanibal
were main
By Successors of Successors
Sahih Bukhari of Muhammad Ibn Ismail al Bukhari
Travelled collected 600,000 hadiths
Selected 7397 hadiths as authentic
Divided them into 97 books by subject
Added commentary
Sahih Muslim of Muslim ibn al Hajjaj
Student of Imam Bukhari
Divided 12000 authentic hadiths into 54 books by
subjects
Sunan of Abu Daud
Student of Imam Hanibal
Spent 20 years collecting hadiths
Chose 4800 authentic hadiths from 500,000
Jami al Tirmizi of Tirmizi
Student of Imam Bukhari
Contains 3950 hadiths
Divided by subject with critical reports
Included Hasan Hadiths
Sunan of Nasai contains 5750 hadiths
Sunan of ibn Majah contains 4000 hadiths
Shia compilation of hadiths
Al Kafi fi ilm al-din by Muhammad ibn Yaqab
Man la Yahduruhu al-fiqh by Muhammad Babuya
TahzIib al ahkam by Muhammad al tusi
2.2. Collection of Hadiths
Musnad
Hadiths grouped by their second transmitter
E.g: Musnad of Abu Bakr
Valuable for people who follow a specific person
Founder was Imam Hanibal
Musannaf
Hadiths grouped by their subject
Eg: Musunnaf of Zakaat
Founder was Imam Malik bin Anas
Sahih Sitta follow this technique

2. History and Importance of

2.3. Reliability of Hadith
Hadiths
Isnad
Chain of transmitters
2.1. Compilation of Hadiths A perfect isnad starts from a companion
Transmitters should be honest
By companions Should have met each other
People were demanding hadiths Have good memory
Many companions started to spread his hadith Of the age that they understand hadith
Abu Huraira narrated 5374 hadith Matn
Abdullah Bin Umar narrated 2630 Context of hadiths
Anas Bin Malik narrated 2286 A perfect matn does not contradict Quran
Hazrat Ayesha narrated 2210 Not against common sense or facts
By Successors of Companions Not accuse companions or praise a tribe
Compiled hadiths in journals called Suhuf Not promise high rewards for small deeds and vice
Orally transmitted from teachers to students versa

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CAIE IGCSE ISLAMIYAT (0493)
Be in Quraish dialect with no bad words
Types of Hadiths
Sahih Hadiths have perfect Isnad and Matn
Hasan Hadith have transmitters with bad memory
Daif Hadiths have dishonest transmitters
Maudah Hadiths have wrong Matn
2.4. Hadiths used in Legal Thinking, and
its relationship with the Qur’an, Ijma
and Qiyas
Hadith and Quran
They are 2nd primary source of Islamic Law
Ayesha said “Life of Prophet(pbuh) is an example of
Quran”
It is used when the Quran is silent on a matter, e.g.
inheritance given to the grandmother is not
mentioned in the Quran,
but comes from Hadith
In Quran it is not told how to give Zakaat but hadith
says “No
charity tax is due on property less than 5
Uqaiya and no charity
tax is due on fewer than 5
camels and no charity tax is due on
fewer than 5
wasq”
Ijma
Used when Quran and Hadith are silent on matter
It can’t contradict Quran and Hadith
Qiyas
Used when all sources can’t solve a problem
Qiyas use a ruling from Quran or Hadith
It can’t cancel the teachings of Quran and Hadith
Islam thus Abu Bakr fought
3. Rightly Guided Khalifas
3.1. Caliph Hazrat Abu Bakr
chose to fought
Election
Ansars wanted to be caliph
for unity but it resulted in Muslims winning
Abu Bakr said to elect a Quraish
couldn’t fight or retreat
Umar pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr
Next day everyone pledge allegiance to him
Expedition to Syria
Prophet(pbuh) had ordered expedition to Syria
Now Madinah was surrounded by hostile tribes
Abu Bakr yet sent the army under Usama Bin Zaid
It was successful
Refusal to pay Zakaat
Many tribes refused to pay Zakaat
plotting against Muslims
Abu Bakr rejcted this
Attacked Muslims when army was in Syria
Amr bin Aas and Yazeed
Prevented from entering Madinah
When army arrived Abu Bakr attacked them
The tribes lost
the leader accepted Islam so
Apostasy Movement against false prophets
Romanus let
Aswad Ansi
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Arose in Yemen
Hid his face by a veil
Killed by Persian Muslim Firoze
Tulhaya
Leader of Banu Asad and Ghaftan
Khalid Bin Waleed fought him in 630 AD
Fled to Syria where he accepted Islam later
Musailma
From Banu Hanifa in Yamama
Used to copy Prophet(pbuh)
Distorted teachings of Quran
Prophet(pbuh) called him an arch liar
Killed in Battle of Yamama by Muslims
Sajjah
Arab Christian women from Banu Tamim
Married to Musailma
After his death fled to Iraq and accepted Islam
Battle of Yamama
Against musailma
Sent Ikrimah and told him to wait for Shurahbil
Ikrimah fought and was defeated
Shurahbil was told to stay but he fought and was
defeated
Khalid Bin Walid came and fought
Had to retreat
While front ranks fought Khalid attacked Musailma’s
camp
They fortified themselves in a garden
Muslims climbed and fight started
Musailma was killed by killer of Hazrat Hamza
Many Hafiz died resulting in compilation of Quran
Expansion of Islamic Empire
People in Bahrain, Oman, Mahrah, Yemen and
Hadramaut apostatized
against them and took over
Campaign against Persians
Persians helped apostasy movement
In 633 an army under Khalid bin Waleed went to
Persians who
In battle of chains Persians linked themselves with
chains
as they
Persians went to Mazar where muslims won
They went to Walaja where Muslims again won
Went to Ullies where Muslims won
Fled to Hira which was also captured
Went to Anbar where the governor surrendered
En at tamer was also captured
Campaign against Byzantines
In 634 AD 7000 men gathered to fight the
Byzantines who were
They were divided into 4 corps under Shurahbil,
Abu Ubaida,
To secure front Khalid Bin Walid took over Syria
Then went to Basra with Shurahbil and Abu
Ubaida. Romanus
Byzantines locked themselves.
Muslims in and Basra was captured
CAIE IGCSE ISLAMIYAT (0493)

Byzantines gathered at Ajnadien. 40,000 Muslims Battle of Nahwand

went there
and won Persians were planning an attack
Marched to Damascus but retreated as Hazrat So muslims marched to them at Nahwand
Abu Bakr had
died Persians fortified in trenches
Hazrat Abu Bakr died in 13 AH because of illness To get them out Nauman the commander ordered
Administration the cavalry to
attack and then at night the rest of
Divided empire into province army would attack
Each province had a governor who would lead prayer Nauman died but Muslims continued
administer
justice and maintained law Dark led Persians to their own death
Governor had an Amil who would collect taxes The town surrendered
Officials were selected on merit Wars with Byzantines
Strict standard for accounting of public money Muslims went to Damascus and took over
Non-Muslims were given freedom Battle of Fihl
Each matter was handled according to Sharia Maaz Bin Jabal was sent with 3 options for
Persians and they
chose to fought
3.2. Caliph Hazrat Umar Khalid Bin Waleed drew the forces in and then
launched an
offensive thus Muslims won
Election Battle of Yurmuk
Nominated by Abu Bakr and everyone accepted Heraculis ordered an attack on Muslims
Wars with Persians Muslims gave 3 options which were rejected
Rustom was sent by Persians to take revenge, Battle Battle started and Khalid Bin Waleed lured
of Namraq
took place and Muslims won Byzantines to
rough terrain
Battle of Jasr A storm also blew on them so they ran away
Persians under Bahman went to take revenge Fall of Jerusalem
Euphrated laid between the 2 armies Fortified as sacred to Jews and Christian
Abu Ubaid decided to cross the river Seige was laid but citizens surrendered on
Horses went out of control as they had never seen condition that
Hazrat Umar should come
Persian
Elephants Hazrat Umar walked in while walking camel
Ordered to cut howdahs to kill Persians People said “Islam has exalted all religions”
Elephants trampled so Muslim commanders died A treaty was signed
one by one Conquest of Egypt
Bridge was also cut so Musana ordered to build Amr Bin Aas started to conquer towns of Egypt
the bridge
thus they retreated Fustat surrendered after 7 month of siege
6000 Muslims died King sent army to Alexandria and s siege started
Battle of Buwaib Heraclius died so Muslims intensified their attack
Muslims sent to fight the Persians, who were and
Alexandria was conquered
under the rule of Mehran Martyrdom
Persians were told to cross the river this time Firoz a Persian slave complained to Hazrat Umar
Jarir ibn Abdullah killed Mehran, so the Persians about his a lot
of taxes
lost hope His tax was 2 dirhams per diem
Muslims captured the bridge after the Persians Umar said the amount was okay as he worked as a
fled carpenter,
painter and ironsmith
The entire Persian army was defeated, with many Firoz struck Umar with a dagger while he was leading
Persians dying morning
prayer
Battle of Qadsiya The wound was Fatal and he died in Dhul Hajjah 23
Muslims camped at Qadsiya AH
King was invited to Islam but he disrespected Administration
Stand-off of 3 months lasted Made Majlis-e-shura consisting of eminent
Rustum attacked while Saad led from bed companions. It was
always consulted
Judiciary was made and Qazis were introduced
3rd day Rustum was killed and Persians retreated
Each province was placed under a wali who was the
Battle of Jalula
military and
religious head
Persian King took refuge in fortified Jalula
Provinces divided into districts placed under amils
Muslims laid a siege for 7 months
Call them to Hajj and heard their complaints
Persians launched an offensive
Received secret reports on officers
Muslim commander Qaka pulled back
Officials would send particulars of their property to
A storm blew on Persians and they ran away
check if
they are corrupt or not
Jalula was captured

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Established department of education, jails, police and Hazrat Usman agreed that it was his slave but
finance. rejected that he
sent the letter
New taxes were introduced They besieged his house
Surplus was distributed among Muslims He refused to fight and shed Muslim blood
Civilian were not allowed in cantonments After 50 days some rebels went in their house and
Arabs not allowed to buy property in territories struck a sword
in his forehead
Non-Muslims were given freedom and old, poor and His blood dropped on Surah Baqrah verse 137
disabled were
exempted from paying Jizya His wife lost her fingers saving him
Introduced pension He died on 18th Dhul Hijjah 35 AH
Built towns and roads Administration
Followed steps of first 2 Khalifas
3.3. Caliph Hazrat Usman Held conferences with Walis and Ameers to hear their
complaints
Election Allowed Arabs to buy land in territories
Hazrat Umar nominated Hazrat Ali, Hazrat Usman, Cantonments were extended
Zubair, Talha,
Saad bin abi Waqas and Abdur Rehman Canals and dams were built
bin Auf for Caliph Increased allowance of people by 25%
Abdur Rahman rejected it and Talha was not here
Decided that Abdur Rahman would choose 3.4. Caliph Hazrat Ali
Saad supporter Usman, Zubair supported Ali and
Usman while Usman
and Ali supported each other Election
Abdur Rehman consulted other people and Hazrat After 4 days the rebels decided to leave
Usman was chosen
as Khalifa Before leaving they offered the office of Khalifa to
Declared Khalifa on 4th Muharram 24 AH Hazrat Ali who
rejected it
Causes of revolt against Hazrat Usman Then they offered to ansars who also rejected and
People took advantage of his soft nature Talha and
Zubair did the same
Hypocrite Jews under Abdullah bin Saba rose and They gave an ultimatum
caused rift
among Hazrat Ali and Usman. He was Muslims assembled and leader of Egyptians said they
exiled to Egypt where he rose
to fame wanted a
brave, pious and close companion of
Rivalry between Arabs and Non-Arabs increased as Propeht(pbuh) as Khalifa
Arabs started
to settle in their territories Hazrat Ali only this criteria so he took over the office
Prophet (pbuh) was a Hashemite while Usman was an on 25th
Dhul Hijjah 35 AH
Umayyad so
Hashemite could not tolerate him Change of Governors
Charges against Hazrat Usman Suhail Bin Hanif was appointed in Syria, Saad bin
He had appointed inefficient relatives as governors. Ubadah in
Egypt, Ummara Bin Sahab in Kufa, Usama
But his
relatives were appointed only in 4 provinces. 1 bin Hanif in Basra and
Abdullah bin Abbas in Yemen
of those was
appointed by Hazrat Umar and the other However Muawiya, governor of Syria refused to step
2 were appointed in
public interest. down.
He did not exercise control over his companions but Battle of Camel
he just
trusted them and gave them liberty Umayyads in Syria under Muawiya were asking to
He had burnt the copies of Quran but the copies with avenge midst of
Hazrat Usman
wrong
dialect of Quran were only burnt People in Makkah also joined
He had lost the ring of Prophet (pbuh) intentionally Hazrat Ali rejected to punish the assassins as he had
but in
reality it was lost while he was directing a no
evidence or peace in Empire
construction Talha and Zubair seeing this approached Hazrat
He has changed the structure of Masjid-e-Nabawi but Ayesha and they
raised an army against Hazrat Ali
he just
expanded it Both armies met at Basra
Rebellion and death Hazrat Ali sent a message to Hazrat Ayesha explaining
In 656 AD some protesters entered Madinah his
reasons
Hazrat Ali acted as an intermediary and advised They both negotiated
Hazrat Usman to
remove Abdullah and post Amr Hypocrites from both sides started the battle
The protesters wanted Muhammad bin Abu Bakr as Talha and Zubair were killed
their governor Hazrat Ayesha’s camel was brought down thus the
Their wish was fulfilled battle was stopped
and she was escorted back by
On their way back they found a slave with a letter by Muhammad bin Abu Bakr
Usman
ordering to kill some people Battle of Siffin
They went back and Hazrat Ali agreed to arbitrate Syria under Muawiya didn’t allege to Hazrat Ali

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Muawiya displayed blood-stained clothes of Hazrat

4.1. Allah
Usman in
mosques
He even accused Hazrat Ali of being an accomplice in Allah is one and supreme
this murder
Quran says “He is Allah the one and only”
He displayed Talha and Zubair as Martyrs
Soon this propaganda took over Iraq and Iran Allah has no family nor He has any help
Hazrat Ali wrote to Muawiya asking him to allege to Quran says “no son has he begotten nor has he a partner
him or face
war in his
dominion”
Muawiya asked to avenge the death of Hazrat Usman If there was any help the world would be a mess
Thus both armies met at Siffin Allah’s power is beyond human thinking
Muawiya was losing so he ordered his first rank to Quran says “no vision can grasp him”
fasten Quran
to their lances He has control over everything.
Hazrat Ali ordered his army to not fall into this trap He can see what is hidden in minds and hearts
but they
refused Surah Ikhlas says “there is none like Him”
The matter was taken to arbitration Muslims should follow His commands
Kharijites Results in reward in this world and the next.
These people were involved in revolt against Hazrat
Usman and
his murder 4.2. Angels
They fought with Hazrat Ali at Siffin but responded to
Muawiyas
call
Angels are heavenly beings with the duty to serve Allah
On way back they insisted Hazrat Ali to attack when
Quran says “He does send down His angels with the
he refused
12000 men distanced inspiration of His
command”
These people believed in killing unbelievers and They are not daughters or deities of Allah
recognized
first 2 khalifas only
They have no free will like jinns and humans
Arbitration
It is a sin to ask their help
Abu Musa Ashari represented Hazrat Ali while Amr Angels come to earth to help people
Bin Aas was
from Muawaiya’s side Some angels are:
They agreed that both should be deposed Rizwan ruling over Heaven and Malik over Hell
But Amr bin Aas player foul and only agreed with
Kiramann Katibin write our deeds as Quran says “Over
Hazrat Ali to
be deposed
you are
appointed angels to protect you kind and
Thus everyone prepared for a second war honourable writing
everything down”
Battle of Nahrawan Munkir and Nakir question the dead
On his way to attack Muawiya Hazrat Ali went to Hazrat Izrael takes people’s souls
Nahrawan to deal
with Kharijites
Hazrat Israfel will blow the trumpet on Last Day
All kharijites were killed except a few who escaped
Hazrat Mikael controls nature
Fall of Egypt Hazrat Jibrael chief of angels brought down
Hazrat Ali wanted to move against Muawiya but his revelations and
divine books, Quran says “The Lord of
forces
deserted him
Spirit has come down with
it”
In meantime, Muawiya ordered Amr bin Aas to
conquer Egypt
Decided that Muawiya would rule over Syria and 4.3. Revealed Books
Egypt while
Hazart Ali over rest of empire
Martyrdom Different apostles were sent with Divine Books
Kharijites decided to kill Hazrat Ali They were for a specific time and people
Abdur Rehman ibn Muljim was selected On 18th Their message was the same as Quran but people
changed those books
Ramadan 40 AH
Muljim attacked Hazrat Ali with a
Quran says “They change their place”
poisonous sword while he was
leading morning
prayer in Kufa Some Divine Books are:
He died on 21st Ramadan Zaboor of Hazrat Daud
His son Hasan killed Muljim next day Torah revealed to Hazrat Musa
Administration Quran says “And before this was Book of Moses as a
Followed first 3 Khalifas guide and
mercy”
The capital was moved to Kufa Bible revealed to Hazrat Isa
Quran says “We sent him the gospel: therein was
guidance and
light and confirmation of Law”
4. Articles of Faith Quran revealed to Prophet Muhammad(PBUH)
It is the last divine message for everyone
It says “This is the Book in it is guidance”

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4.4. Prophets 5.1. Shahada, Declaration of Faith

Prophets are people who receives Allah’s revelation Shahada is “I bear witness that there is no god but Allah
Quran says “We sent for every people and apostle” who is
one, who has no partners and I bear witness that
Prophets guided people and spread Allah’s message Muhammad is His
servant and apostle”
They are honest and dedicated who faced a lot of The first part talks about Tawhid, oneness of Allah
persecution e.g.
Ibrahim was thrown in fire He has authority over everything as Quran says “He has
Allah also helps them e.g. He split sea for Musa power to
dispose all affairs”
They were granted miracles too e.g. Isa was born without He doesn’t have any family or help, Surah Ikhlas says “He
a father
and could cure the blind is Allah
one and only”
Quran says “We make no distinction between one and We should only worship Allah
another of His
Messengers” The second part talks about Prophet(PBUH)
Some major prophets are Nuh, Ibrahim, Isa, Ishaq, Tells us to follow his sunnah as Quran says “He who
Yaqoob, Yusuf,
Musa, Daud and Suleman. obeys the
messenger obeys Allah”
The chain started from Adam and ended at Muhammad He guided us and helped us not go astray
(pbuh). Quran says
“He is messenger of Allah and seal of He is the last prophet as Quran says “But he is the
Prophets” messenger of Allah
and Seal of Prophets”

4.5. Predestination and Decree 5.2. Prayers

Everything good or bad comes from Allah Importance
Predestination means fixing a limit, the Quran says “We Firstmost thing to be accountable of
have created
everything in measure and proportion” Prophet(PBUH) said “Prayer is key to paradise”
Everything is decided by Allah as the Quran says “He Spiritually cleanses us as Quran says “prayer restrains
knows what is
behind before and after Him” from
shameful and unjust deeds”
Our gender and date of birth and death are predestined Makes people punctual and humble
but our
actions are not Strengthen belief in Allah as hadith says “You should
Hazrat Ali asked a man to take care of his camel and worship
Allah as if you see Him”
saddle. He ran
away with the saddle and Ali could not Makes people realize they need Allah
give him 50 dirhams. Ali saw
his own saddle at the Major part of faith as Hadith says “What stands
market. The man had sold it for 50 dirhams. between a man and
a disbeliever is the abandonment
Allah had destined 50 dirhams for man but what of prayer
mattered was how he
earned it Conditions
Should be clean as Quran says “Allah doesn’t accept
4.6. Life after Death prayers
without purification
2 types of impurities are:
Life on earth is temporary and we all will die Hads-e-Asghar caused by answering call of nature
Quran says “It is righteousness to believe in Allah and the or vomiting
Last
Day” Hads-e-Akbar is caused by marital relations,
First phase of life after death is the state of Barzakh Menstruation,
childbirth and alcohol
It is a life of grave which is temporary A person can clean himself by:
Life after Day of Judgement is eternal Performing wudhuh before prayer
Quran says “One day the earth would be changed to a First mouth is rinsed and then water is sniffed into
new earth so
would the heavens” nostrils. Next face is washed and arms up to the
Everyone will die and then resurrected elbow. Ears
are cleaned and head is wiped. Lastly
Then will be accountable for their actions feet are washed.
Quran says “No injustices would be done that day” Wudhuh becomes ineffective due to state of Hads-
Inmates of hand heaven will be given their accounts on e-Asghar,
Hads-e-Akbar, sleeping and fainting.
the right hand
and inmates of hell on left To clean Hads-e-Akbar, Ghusl is performed in
No relations would matter that day which whole
body is cleaned
Own body parts would witness against people If water is not available a person can perform
It is a physical experience Tayummum
Bodies should be covered
Facing Qiblah and have intention to pray
5. Pillars of Faith Method
Hands down side niyat is offered
Allahu Akbar is recited with hands with ear

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Qiyam starts in which Sana, Tasmiya, Tawaaz, Surah

5.4. Zakaat
Fatihah and
some verses are recited
Bowing down “Glory to my Lord the great” is recited Importance
thrice
Portion of a man’s wealth given to poor
Stand up and recite Tasmi and Tehmid
Prophet (pbuh) said “it should be collected from the
Prostate twice and recite “Glory to my lord, the most
well to do
and given to the poor”
High”
thrice Mentioned 32 times in Quran mostly with prayer
Perform 2nd Rakaat “establish
regular prayer and give regular charity”
After Sajdah sit and recite tashhud and durud if there Cleanses a person’s wealth as prophet(pbuh) said
are only
2 rakaats. If there are more than 2 only recite “Allah has
enjoined Zakkat on you so rest of your
tashhud. On last
rakaat recite both wealth may be cleansed”
Do salaam Fulfills needs ofpoor
Delayed Prayers are offered if a person miss a prayer due Establishes brotherhood and decreases jealousy
to valid
reason Decreases financial disparity and hoarding
A person can combine 2 prayers too Rate of Zakaat
While travelling a person may shorten the rakaats to 2 for On cash 2.5%
15 days On 93.75 grams of gold and 656.25 grams of silver
Friday prayers are performed in congregation before 1/5th of produce of mine
Zuhr. It
contains a sermon and 2 rakaats 1/10 from natural land produce and 1/20 from
2 Rakaat of eid prayer are also offered on eids irrigated land
produce
A person may also pray in congregation at a mosque On articles exceeding 200 dirhams
A person may also privately pray to Allah For every 40 sheep 1 goat
On every 40 cattle 2-year-old calf
5.3. Fasting On every 5 camels a goat
Distribution
Importance Given to
Fasting is done in month Ramadan People who can’t give zakat
Muslims don’t eat or drink Person who administer zakaat
Hadith says “Allah says: Fasting is for me and I shall People in debt and need
compensate
it" Converts in need
Refrain from evil and make us close to Allah as a Not given to
hadith says
“Fasting is a shield and protection from Descendants of Prophet(pbuh)
fire and committing sins” Parent or children
Reward for deeds are increased as hadith says Non-Muslims
“During Ramadan
provisions of believers are As a salary
increased” Out of Haram money
Makes us sympathetic towards poor people
Healthy for our body 5.5. Hajj
Method and Condition
Importance
Hours of fasting are from dawn till sunset
Takes place from 9th Dhul Hijjah till 13th Dhul Hijjah
People have a meal before fajr
Quran says “pilgrimage thereto is a duty me owe to
Not eat, drink, lie and have martial relations
Allah those
who can afford the journey”
Break fast during Maghrib
Covers both financial sacrifice and physical Ibadat
Pray Tarawih at night
It is a spiritual experience which heals a person Allah
In last odd nights worship as Quran was revealed
forgives
the person who performs hajj as a Hadith
Women in period of childbirth and pregnancy are
says “an accepted hajj
has no reward than paradise”
exempted
Hajj also has communal benefits as all Muslims from
Sick, old, abnormal and travelers are exempted
all walks of
life and gather
A person who is exempted may feed a person twice
People get to know about each other’s problems
daily for each
fast or give grain
People could find business ventures
Women who miss fast due to menstruation and
Not performing hajj if you can is a great sin
people who got ill
while fasting may fast later
Terms associated with Hajj
A person who intentionally broke his fast will have to
Kabah is the holiest place for Muslims and is house of
fast for
60 days continuously or feed 60 people twice
Allah as
said in the Quran. There are several circles
daily for each fast
or give Sadaqah
around it
Prohibited on eids and 11, 12 and 13 Dhul Hijjah

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Masjid-e-Haram includes Kabah, Well of Zam Zam, On 9th Dhul Hijjah they offer fajr at Mina and leave for
station if
Ibrahim and Hatim. Arafat.
Asr and Zuhr are prayed together and then
City of Makkah is the second circle and there they leave for
Muzdalifah. Maghrib and Isha are
violence is
prohibited prayed together and 49 pebbles
for rami are collected
Haram’s boundary was fixed by Hazrat Adam On 10th Dhul Hijjah they go back to Mina 7 pebbles
From Mawaqis a person can’t enter without Ihram are thrown at
jamarat-ul-Iqbal. Heads are shaved and
Hajr-e-Aswad is placed in the southeast of Kabah and sacrifice is done. Sayi
is also performed. Leaves for
was received by
Hazrat Ismail from Jibrael. Kissing of Mina. Tawaf Ziyarat is also
performed
this stone shows
obedience to Allah On 11th, 12th and 13th rami is done and tawaf-e-wida
Muqam-e-Ibrahim is the Stone in which Hazrat is
performed
Ibrahim stood while
praying. It is mandatory to pray 2
Rakats behind this station.
It has an impression of
Ibrahim’s feet and stone got soft when he
stood on it 6. Jihad
Ihram is worn during hajj and Umrah. Ihram for men
is 2 white
sheets wrapped from navel to knees and Jihad is every action in the name of Allah
around arms. For women it
is daily clothes but not There are 5 types of Jihad:
touching their face. Restrictions: Jihad against one’s self means fighting un-Islamic
Covering face and head for men desires in
one. It is regarded as one of the greatest
Using scented things jihad
Cutting hair and nails Jihad of tongue is to uphold the truth and speak
Violence against any
injustice. When a man asked which jihad
Tawaf means walking around the Kabah anti is better Prophet(pbuh)
said “A word of truth spoken
clockwise. Types of
tawaf are in front of an oppressive ruler”
Tawaf-e-ziyarat is an obligatory component of hajj Jihad by the knowledge is to study about Islam and
performed on
10th ,11th or 12th Dhul
Hijjah write about
it. Hadith says “ink of a scholar is holier
Tawaf-e-Qaum performed while entering Kabah than blood of a
martyr”
Tawaf-e-Wida is performed while leaving Kabah Jihad by hand is jihad of action e.g. giving charity or
Tawaf-e-Umra is performed for Umra helping
poor. Prophet(pbuh) said “A person whose
Any other tawaf is Tawaf-e-Nafl feet become dust ridden
because of striving in way of
Mina is a plain between Arafat and Madinah Allah will never be touched by
flames of hell”
Muzdailifah is plain between Mina and Arafat Jihad by sword
Arafat is 9 miles from Makkah. Stay here is obligatory It is fighting in way of Allah
during
Hajj Quran says “fight in way of Allah those who fight
Safa and Marwa are 2 hills where Hazrat Hajra ran to you”
find water
for her baby Ismail. Climbing these 2 hills Become compulsory when the ideology and lives
show maternal love
and is known as sayi of Muslims are
under threat.
3 pillars: Jamarat-ul-Uqba, Jamarat-ul-Wusta and The rules of Jihad are to not kill civilians, old,
Jamarat-al-Sughra are 3 places where satan tried to women,
children and animals. To not destroy
stop Ibrahim
and he was stoned. Muslims do the trees or places of
worship and to treat prisoners
same called rami fairly
Method
On 8th Dhul Hijjah Muslims wear Ihram and go to
Mina

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