Htoo Wai Lin Aung

Diploma in Business & Management (DBM – 36)

Organization Behavior

Assignment 1

Management & Leadership Styles and Organization Structure

Assessor

Tr. Kyi Pyar Myint Aung

 Table of Contents

Page
1. Introduction 1

2. Management 1

3. Leadership 2

4. Management and Leadership Styles 3

4.1 Authoritarian Styles 4

4.2 Visionary Styles 4

4.3 Pace – setting Styles 4

4.4 Democratic Styles 5

4.5 Permissive / Laissez – faire Styles 5

4.6 Situational Leadership Styles 5

5. Organization Structure 6

5.1 Hierarchical Organizational Structure 6

5.2 Flat or Horizontal Organizational Structure 7

5.3 Matrix Organizational Structure 7

5.4 Functional Organizational Structure 7

5.5 Virtual / Network Organizational Structure 8

6. Organizational Structure for my Business 8

7. Conclusion 9

References
1. Introduction

Organizational behavior is the academic study of how people interact within groups.
The principles of the study of organizational behavior are applied primarily in attempts to
make businesses operate more effectively [1]. One central value of organizational behavior is
that is isolated important aspects of the manager's job and offers specific perspectives on the
human side of management such as people as organization, people as resources and people as
people.
Organization behavior is not a defined business function or area of responsibility
similar to finance or marketing. Rather an understanding of organization behavior provide, a
set of insights and took that all managers can use to carry out their jobs more effectively. The
managerial context of organizational can be viewed from the perspective of basic
management functions, critical management skills and overall human resource management.
In characterizing managerial work, most educators and other expects find it useful to
conceptualize the activities performed by managements.

2. Management
Management may be defined as the art of work done through people, with the
satisfaction of the employer, employees, and the public [2]. Human efforts are needed
directly to meet the objective of the business.
Management means the act of actively directed human efforts to a common goal.
Management is a follower of administration. It is found part of the salary or profit instead of
services. Management does not depend on politics, it only implement only the politics of the
administrator. There are four functions of managements. They are:

1. Planning: The project is usually done by top managers, but will be included in
every management level.
2. Organizing: The process of consolidating tasks into management units and
establishing authority models.
3. Leading: Leading is the process of motivation members of the organization to
work together toward the organization’s goal.
4. Controlling: The process of monitoring and correcting the acting of the organization
and its people to keep them headed toward their goals.

No business can make big money, the best machinery. Even if you own skilled
workers, you cannot survive without management. Without management, everything will be
complicated. Management for the maximum of the company's resources guides the people's
movement. Managers provide ideas and opinions to perform better organization. The
manager stabilizes the company by changing and repairing resources in line with the
changing environment of the community. Management helps effectiveness and productivity.
As the company's size and labor increases, the growth level in management increases.
Different management levels may decide on the decision-making influence from all
management and decision-making positions in a particular organization. There are three
levels of management.

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 1. Managerial or Top – Level Management: Their main duty as planning and
negotiation.
2. Executive or Middle Level Management: Their main role is the guidance
and management of an organization. Implementing policies and programs under the
top management instruction.
3. Supervisor or Operative-Level Management: Their main role is to distribute
employment and task.

Is management an art? It is science or not, it will be a subject of debate. However,

most of the management thinkers agree that a form of educational management background is
helpful to manage successfully.

3. Leadership
Leadership is the art of motivating a group of people to act toward achieving a
common goal. In a business setting, this can mean directing workers and colleagues with a
strategy to meet the company's needs [3]. Leadership captures the essential requirements of
affordable and repairing others. Leaders are found in most sectors of society, from economics
to politics to civil society. A leader moves others to act while directing others the way they
behave simultaneously. They must be personal to comply with others' order. The resources
must be critical of the best way to use the resources as an organization.
In business, leadership is related to performance and which leadership and definition
must be considered. Therefore, the leadership is not related to the profit, but people who view
the corporate elections as effective leaders in the corporate constitution. The agreement is a
vision of leaders to make others work successfully to achieve it. They do it by motivating
others to succeed in the direction and end result. In addition, they can be motivated by people
to go to emotions and vision. In other words, how great leaders can motivate people and
know how followers will work to achieve leadership's goals.

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 Although leadership and management terms are sometimes used, they are not the
same concept. The leadership includes creating a vision and exploring a vision and motivated
others to move to the vision. However, leaders do not provost or participate in the daily
management of the work that needs to be real. Leaders often need to perform some of the
leaders of the leadership responsibilities, but good leaders understand that their advantages
are different from what the good manager’s show.

4. Management and Leadership Styles

A management style is a way in which a manager works to fulfill their goals.
Management style includes the way that a manager plans, organizes, makes decisions,
delegates, and manages their staff [4]. It can vary widely depending on the company,
management level, industry, country and culture itself. An effective manager is one who
responds to differences in their management style while successfully focusing on goals.
A leadership style refers to a leader's characteristic behaviors when directing,
motivating, guiding, and managing groups of people [5]. An essential leader in an
organization is a good leader. Leadership is the one who is in the way. It is an area where the
colleagues and the skills are being fulfilled. In the workplace, they are the ones who have to
lead different people to achieve the goals set by the organization.

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 The type of management and leadership required varies from organization to
everywhere. They vary depending on the situation. Therefore, management and leadership
styles also vary. There are basically five management and leadership styles.

1. Authoritarian Styles
2. Visionary Styles
3. Pace-setting Styles
4. Democratic Styles
5. Permissive / Laissez-faire Styles
6. Situational Leadership Styles

4.1 Authoritarian Styles

In this style, managers specifically set out to punish their subordinates for non-
compliance. They are dictatorial and have close oversight of their members. When making
decisions, they often do the same thing without consulting anyone else. They do not trust
their subordinates and members and do not access to job sharing.
This style is useful for organizations in times of crisis. Reducing stress for workers
because only a leader can make decisions quickly. Defining clear and firm expectations by
unskilled workers or large teams can lead to job insecurity. Productivity increases, but only
when the manager is present.
For a follower who is full of talents and skills, the worker has no right to use his
knowledge and always depends on the leader. Since the right to do is not authorized,
qualified workers may find it difficult to increase life without thinking and experience.

4.2 Visionary Styles

In this style, managers motivate their employees. Leaders explain their goals and
behind the back of them and organize their team to implement their views. The members of
the group were motivated by their manager. Then, with the least intervention, their work is
allowed to work independently. Managers assist their employees during and after the process,
offering a lot of positive feedback and ensuring independent praise.
One of the advantages of visionary management is that it stimulates staff to stimulate
the common goals and solutions. When the group's culture is allocated, a visual approach is
useful to return to a single page. A company or team often uses visual management when a
company needs to change.
One of the disadvantages of a wise management model is that the lack of focus on the
details can cause problems. Visionary management is usually better for experienced,
professional teams. This is not a style to imitate, but a way to truly inspire employees.

4.3 Pace-setting Styles

The pace-setting management style is headed to the front of the package. Normally,
the pace-settings are to get the best or to reach the team to reach the best of the best or to
reach greater goals to meet the standards. It is necessary to have the ability to specify the
challenge rate for the team to achieve.

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 This style of style produces high productivity and the health of the competition and
success. Most of the teams should avoid implementing strategic goals. However, they found
that effective but satisfying groups could benefit from their use.
This management style emphasizes personal success and can create divisions and
resentments between groups. For example, If only one or two members can catch up, others
will be bitter. It can be annoying.

4.4 Democratic Styles

According to this, the managers urged employees to include staff during the decision-
making period, but they are responsible for the final decision. It also discusses with members
and get new ideas from others. Based on the information and suggestions discussed with the
staff, the leader himself makes the final decision.
This style has been found to be very effective in the workplace. Leaders can make
better decisions and their employees' working capacity is enhanced. They can also encourage
them to solve their problems and to emerge new ideas.
The weakness may have been lead to leaks and delays in decision making. Another
issue is that employees may feel frustrated or resentful if they feel that their ideas have not
been taken into account.

4.5 Permissive / Laissez-faire Styles

In this style, the leader gives the members independence and allows the members to
solve problems themselves. Employees provide guidance and support only from leader when
they need advice from the leader. This style will only work well if subordinates have good
management skills and experience.
This management form brings satisfaction and high production, and it is for the club
that loves autonomy. It can promote creativity and innovation in entire organization. In the
workplace, employee can increase job opportunities for those who want to autonomy.
Poor management conflicts can cause flare up and dissatisfaction. Some employees
may feel that the management is not helpful and dissatisfied with the success of the group's
success. The lack of oversight with this style is not suitable for the unavoidable teams of self-
management teams.

4.6 Situational Leadership Styles

Situational leadership is a leadership style in which a leader adapts their style of
leading to suit the current work environment and needs of a team [6]. This leadership style is
based on the ability of a leader or an organization to be better and more effective as a leader.
Depending on the situation, a leader can use one of the following leadership behavior styles:

 Telling: This is when a group needs close supervision and continuous guidance.
Leaders who use the style of talking to all decisions can be accepted and connect
these decisions to the group.
 Selling: This type of leadership is used when a group or an employee is
unmotivated to carry out a job or work assignment.

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  Participating: The advice will be shared, but decisions will be left.
 Delegating: The delegating leadership style is effective for their jobs and the time
requires little guidance.

It is not possible for us to be consistent with one style of leadership. Depending on the
changes in the environment and the situation of the organization, it is necessary to change the
style. So there is not always the right way. The main thing is the strength of the way leader's
practice. Weaknesses need to be thoroughly understood and adapted to the situation.

5. Organization Structure
An organizational structure is a system that outlines how certain activities are directed
in order to achieve the goals of an organization. These activities can include rules, roles,
goals and responsibilities [7]. A successful organizational structure determines how well each
employee fits in with the overall system. The company defines who the structure of the
organization does. A well-organized organization provides effective coordination. The
structure describes the official channels of communication and how the individual functions
are related.
Organizational chart represents the view of this vertical structure. Therefore, it is very
important to take care of the best of organization. The structure should clearly decide on the
flow of reporting relations and power. There are 5 basic types of organization structures.
They are:

1. Hierarchical Organizational Structure

2. Flat or Horizontal Organizational Structure
3. Matrix Organizational Structure
4. Functional Organizational Structure
5. Virtual / Network Organizational Structure

5.1 Hierarchical Organizational Structure

Organizations that use hierarchical structure depends on the direction of a vertical
chain order to organize employees and their duties.. The government and other large
organizations use the upper and lower levels to determine how employees compare their
work to those of others. Hierarchical management models typically involve multiple layers of
management, creating silos that prevent collaboration between bureaucracies and
associations.

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5.2 Flat or Horizontal Organizational Structure
The structure is compatible with companies with only a few steps between upper level
management and staff employees. Many start-ups use a horizontal organization structure
before it is sufficient to build different departments. However, some organizations have
maintained this structure because of the lack of supervision and the involvement of all
employees.

5.3 Matrix Organizational Structure

The matrix structure provides steps to report both horizontally and vertically.
Employees can be part of a working group, but can work in a team that supports new product
development. In this structure, there may be different employees to build a new product line.

5.4 Functional Organizational Structure

The structure of a functional organization begins with the highest levels of
responsibility. Employees are organized according to their specific skills and the relevant
functions of the company. Each separate department is specified separately.

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5.5 Virtual / Network Organizational Structure
The network structure works for businesses that utilize businesses that are spread
across private businesses and contractors. This structure arranges for the proper distribution
of company resources. It may describe the local compliments that focus more on open
communication.

6. Organization Structure for my Business

An organizational structure is essential in any business. Organization structure must
draw up depending on our business vision and will also have variable changes and vacancies
depending on business development and growth. In my business, we use matrix structure and
virtual structure to have many benefits to our workplace.
Matrix structure increases communication efficiency by easily connecting a variety of
departments on a project. Employees' greater autonomy and involvement in projects
encourages employee support and adds value to the worker's perspective. We can work with
the employees with a variety of projects and various departments in the company. It improves
employees' relations and improves team action. We allow project managers to work in their
fields rather than drawing a lot of projects. We have a variety of roles and responsibilities for
employees that can enhance employee development and enhance their skills.
By using virtual structure, the cost of operational costs is significantly reduced.
Today, we make employees even happier by having them work from home for the health of
their employees to protect them from Covid-19. We can hire qualified staff from anywhere in
the world without limited. Competitive salaries and distant workers are less likely to leave
their jobs. Remote leasing allows us to start entering a new market.

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7. Conclusion
Each type of management is very different, but there is a common goal to achieve the
goals of an organization. Managers should use the style that works best for them and the
organization, the style that makes them more efficient. When combining a great style that
works with SMART goals more often than not the company can be successful in meeting
their long term goals.
Finding the right organizational structure for a company is very important. Wrong
structure leads to increased communication, product development, poor customer service and
other economic problems. These things can hurt anything for a company and can lead to lost
revenue or a complete failure of the company. Therefore, we should work for the benefit of
our company by not using the wrong organizational structure in our company.

References
[1]. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/organizational-behavior.asp

[2]. https://educationleaves.com/management-management-definition/

[3]. https://www.thebalancesmb.com/leadership-definition-2948275

[4]. https://www.valamis.com/hub/management-styles

[5]. https://www.verywellmind.com/leadership-styles-2795312

[6]. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/situational-leadership

[7]. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/organizational-structure.asp

[8]. https://pingboard.com/blog/types-business-organizational-structures/