Name: Carbonell, Rochine Kate Y.

Garde & Section: 12 - STEM

Subject: General Physics 1

Subject Teacher: Orlando “Lanz” A. Padin Jr.

Quarter #2, Week #, Module #12

Address: Casilagan, Sto. Tomas, La Union

Your Contact #: 09072958310

Complete FB name: Rochine Kate Y. Carbonell

Guardia’s Contact #: 09308355307

Your Signature:

Guardian’s Signature:
Jumpstart - What I know
1. C
2. A
3. A
4. B
5. D
What I observed
A pendulum consists of mass suspended from a pivot and allows it can swing freely. Gravity acts as a restorative
force when a pendulum is moved sideways from its resting, equilibrium position, accelerating the pendulum back to its
equilibrium position. When the pendulum is released, the restoring force acting on its mass causes it to oscillate about the
equilibrium position, swinging back and forth. The period is the amount of time it takes to complete one whole oscillation
or cycle, which includes both a left and right swing. The length of the pendulum and, to a lesser extent, the amplitude (or
swing breadth) determine the period.

Key words:

 A pendulum consists of mass suspended from a fixed support on a string so that it swings back in forth in a
regular (periodic) way under the influence of gravity.
 The period of the pendulum is the time that it takes to complete a one whole oscillation or cycle.
 The number of oscillation per unit of time (normally per second) is called the frequency.
 The maximum distance that the bob swings from its central equilibrium position is amplitude.

Explore
Lesson 1 (Damped Ways to Learn) Differentiate underdamped, overdamped, and critically damped oscillatory motion.
 The under damped condition in which damping of an oscillator causes it to return to equilibrium with the
amplitude gradually decreasing to zero; the system returns to equilibrium faster but overshoots and crosses the
equilibrium position one or more times. While, the over damped condition in which damping of an oscillator
causes it to return to equilibrium without oscillating; the oscillator moves more slowly toward equilibrium than in
the critically damped system. And, the critically damped condition in which the damping of an oscillator causes it
to return as quickly as possible to its equilibrium position without oscillating back and forth about this position.
Lesson 2 (Making Waves) Define the following classifications of waves.
Mechanical Waves
 Mechanical waves are defined as waves which need any type of medium for propagation. It is a wave that is not
capable of transmitting its energy through a vacuum. Mechanical waves require a medium to transport their
energy from one location to another. A sound wave is an example of a mechanical wave.
Transverse Waves VS Longitudinal Waves
 Mechanical waves come in two kinds, transverse waves and longitudinal waves. These two fundamental
principles can be used to describe a wide range of wave mechanics phenomena. Transverse wave is as a wave in
which particles of the medium move in a direction perpendicular to the direction that the wave moves. On the
other hand, longitudinal wave is a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction parallel to the
direction that the wave moves. Longitudinal waves are always characterized by particle motion being parallel to
wave motion. Transverse waves are like those on water, with the surface going up and down, and longitudinal
waves are like of those of sound, consisting of alternating compressions and rarefactions in a medium.
Lesson 3 (What Makes Waves) Define the different characteristics of waves discussed in Lesson 3
Cycle: In a sine wave, it is the complete event starting with a rise from zero energy to a maximum amplitude, its return to
zero, the rise to a maximum in the opposite direction, and then its return to zero.

Frequency: The number of cycles of vibration in each unit of time. The number of cycles in a second is one Hertz (Hz),
after the German physicist who discovered it. Therefore, 1Hz equals one cycle per second.
f = frequency, T = period
1
f=
T
Period: the time it takes to complete one cycle.
f = frequency, T = period
1
f=
f
Wavelength: The distance sound travels during one period, regardless of frequency.
𝜆 = wavelength, v = speed, f = frequency
v
f=
f
Wave Speed: the speed at which a wave It is related to wavelength, frequency, and period by the equation:
Where: v = speed, f = frequency, 𝜆 = wavelength, T = period

1
v=fx λ∨v= xλ
T
Direction of a wave: For a moving wave, you consider a particular part of it as moving. This means that the same y
would be found at other x for other t, and if you change t, you need to change x in the equation of sinusoidal wave, if t
increases, x must increase to make up for it. That makes a wave moves in positive direction.

Wave number: refers to the number of complete wave cycles of an electromagnetic field (EM field) that exist in one
meter (1 m) of linear space. Wave number is expressed in reciprocal meters (m-1).
2π
k=
λ
Speed of waves in a stretched string: The speed of waves in a stretched string depends on the tension F in the string as
well as the mass per unit length μ of the string as:
m
μ=
l
Gauge
1. B (period) 6. D
2. A 7. D
3. D (transverse) 8. A
4. D 9. 0.08
5. Frequency 10. B

Part 2

Given: 7.8 × 10−4 kg/m, 440 Hz, 65 cm

Unknown: String’s Tension

Formula: v=fxλ ∨v=

√ F
μ
Solution:

Answer: 60.5 N