University of Antique

TARIO-LIM MEMORIAL CAMPUS

Tibiao, Antique

APDEV 1
Application Development and
Emerging Technologies
Chapter 1 Lesson 2

Judith U. Lagos
Course Instructor
 CHAPTER 1

FUNDAMENTALS OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

Lesson 2. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND INTERACTIVE

TECHNOLOGIES

Social Media, Networks, and Cloud Computing

Facebook is by far the largest networking service provider.

Linkedin is a business-oriented social network providing professional
services while Twitter offers the largest short text message and blogging
services. Tencent QQ is popular in China as it is considered the Chinese
version of Facebook only that it offers email accounts which the Facebook
lacks.

Social Network, Year Registered Active Major Services

and Website Users Provided

Facebook, 2004 1.65 billion users Content sharing, profiling,

www.facebook.com
Tencent QQ in China, 1999
http://www.qq.com
Linkedin, 2002,
http://www.linkedin.com
Twitter, 2006,
http://www.twitter.com
advertising, events, social
comparison, communication, play
social games
853 million users Instant messaging service, online
games, music ebQQ, shopping,
microblogging, movies, WeChat,
QQ Player
364 million users Professional services, online
recruiting, job listings, group
services, skills, publishing,
influences, advertising
320 million users Microblogging, news, alerts, short
messages, rankings,
demographics, revenue sources,
photo sharing.

Service Functionality of the Facebook platform

Function Short Description

Profile Pages Profile picture, bio info, friends list, user’s activity log, public messages
Graph Traversal
Access through user’s friends list on profile pages, with access control
Communication
Photo album with built-in access control, embedded outside videos on
Shared Items
profile page
Access Control Access control levels

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 Special APIs Games, calendars, mobile clients.

Mobile Cellular Core Networks

A cellular network or mobile network is a wireless network

distributed over land areas called cells, each served by at least one fixed-
location transceiver, known as cell site.

In each network, each cell used different set of frequencies

from neighboring cells, to avoid interference and provide guaranteed
bandwidth within each cell.

Evolution of wireless access technologies is now entering the

fifth generation.

Evolution of Wireless Access Technologies:

1G Fulfilled the basic mobile voice communication needs

2G Introduced the capacity and coverage

A quest for data at higher speeds to open the gates for truly mobile broadband
3G experience
Provides access to a wide range of telecommunication services including advanced
4G mobile services which are fully packed switched with high mobility and data rates

Aims to change the world by connecting anything to anything. It will be an intelligent

5G technology to interconnect the wireless world without barriers

Milestone of Mobile Core Networks for Cellular Communication:

Generation 1G 2G 3G 4G 5G
LTE, OFDM,
Radio and CDMA2000,
Analog phones, Digital phones, MIMO, LTE, Cloud-
Networks WCDMA, and
AMPS, TDMA GSM, CDMA software- based RAN
Technology D-SCDMA
steered radio
Peak Mobile 10 Gbps –
8kbps 9.6 – 344 kbps 2M bps 100 Mbps
Data Rate 1Tbps

Driving Voice Voice/Data Multimedia Wide band Ultra-speed

Applications Communication Communication Communication Communication Communication

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Understanding what those mentioned Abbreviations stand for
MIMO – Multi-Input Multi-Output
SDN – Software-Defined Networking
NFV – Network Functions Virtualization
API – Application Program Interface
DSL – Digital Subscriber Line
OFDM – Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing
UWB – Ultra Wide Band
AMPS – Advance Mobile Phone Service
TDMA – Time Division Multiple Access
GSM – Global System for Mobile Communication
CDMA – Code Division Multiple Access
RAN – Radio Access Network
RRH – Remote Radio Head (installed in CRAN together with virtual base
stations)
LTE – Long Term Evolution
IBM – International Business Machines
API – Application Program Interface

Multiplexing – is also referred to as digital modulation known as the

method of encoding digital data on multiple carrier frequencies.

Ran – wireless and mobile networks based on radio signal transmissions

and reception at various operating ranges. It is used to access
the mobile core networks, which are connected to the Internet
backbone and man Intranets through mobile Internet edge
networks.
Several Classes of RANs
• WiFi – (Wireless Fidelity) an access point which broadcasts its
signal in a radius of less than 300 ft with maximum
possible speed only within 50-175 ft; and which
applies OFDG modulation technology with the use of
MIMO radio and antenna to achieve high speed
• Bluetooth – a short-range radio technology that transmits
omni-directional signals with no limit on line of sight

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 within 10 cm to 10 meters in range. Can support up
to 8 devices in a Pan called Piconet.
• WiMax – Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access is a
fourth generation wireless technology. It handles a
large inter-operable network. While WiFi provides a
short range technology that can transmit up to 54
mbps, WiMax on the other hand is considered a long-
range technology that can transmit up to 70 mbps.
• Zigbee – is a wireless technology developed used for two-way
communication between sensors and control system
as an open global standard to address the unique
needs of low-cost, low-power IoT networks. It can
transmit data over long distances by passing data
through a mesh network of intermediate devices to
reach more distant ones without any communication
barrier.
Several Short-Range Wireless Networks
• WLAN – Wireless Local Area Network
• WHAN – Wireless Home-Area Network
• PAN – Personal-Area Network
• BAN – Body-Area Network
Mobile Cloud Computing Infrastructure
Advances in the portability and capability of mobile devices
together with the evolution and widespread availability of 3G/4GLTE and
lately 5G networks as well as WiFi accesses have brought rich mobile
application experiences and benefits to the end users.
Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) is considered a model for
elastic augmentation of mobile devices capabilities via ubiquitous wireless
access to cloud storage and computing resources, further enhanced by
context-aware dynamic adaption to the changes in the operating
environment.
With the support of mobile cloud computing, a mobile user
basically has a new cloud option to execute its application through WiFi,
cellular network or satellite to the different clouds. But terminal devices
like the cellphone is infeasible to finish some compute-intensive task due
to limited resources like hardware, energy and bandwidth.

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Source: Big-Data Analytics for Cloud, IoT and Cognitive Computing; Kai
Hwang and Min Chen; John Wiley & Sons, 2017.

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