Student Name: ___Rashid Md Mamunur____

Class ID__19lc_____

Grade ___ Software Engineering_____

Due: Apr. 20, 2022

Exercise 1
1. Explain the following concepts.
1) A primitive process
2) context-level data flow diagram
3) repository
4) Unified Modeling Language (UML)
5) Inheritance

2. Explain the difference between a logical and physical data flow diagram.
3. List the four basic symbols used in data flow diagrams.
4. What are the major sections of a use case?
5. What are the main phases of the systems development life cycle?
6. List the errors of the following DFD.

DF2
E1 1.0

DF5 P2

DF1 DS1
DF3

DF6

2.0
DF4

DF2 P1

E1
1)
1. A Primitive process: A primitive process is a process that is not exploded to a
child diagram.

2. Context-level data flow diagram: A context diagram is a diagram to

conceptualize data flows within an organization. It usually is a list of external
entities, data flows, processes, which determines the boundary of the target
system.

3. Repository: A repository is a large collection of information that is larger

than a data dictionary.

4. Unified Modeling Language (UML): Object - oriented approaches use the

industry standard for modeling object - oriented systems , called Unified
Modeling Language ( UML ) to break down a system into a use case model.

5. Inheritance: When one class is created from another class it is called

inheritance.

2. Difference between a logical and physical data flow diagram:

i) A logical data flow diagram focuses on the business and how the business
operates.
ii) A physical data flow diagram shows how the system will be implemented.

3. List the four basic symbols used in data flow diagrams:

i) A double square is used to depict an external entity
ii) An arrow shows movement of data.
iii) A rectangle with rounded corners is used to show the occurrence of a
transforming process.
iv) An open ended rectangle is used to represent a data store.

4. The major sections of a use case:

i) use case name
ii) Description
iii) Trigger
iv) Trigger type
v) Input name and source
vi) Output name and destination
vii) Steps performed
viii) Information required for each step
5. The main phases of the systems development life cycle:
i) Identifying problems, opportunities, and objectives.
ii) Determining human information requirements.
iii) Analyzing system needs
iv) Designing the recommended system
v) Developing and documenting software
vi) Testing and maintain the system
vii) Implementing and evaluating the system

6.
DF2
E1 1.0

DF5 P2

DF1 DS1
DF3

DF6

2.0
DF4

DF2 P1

E1

The errors of the given DFD:

Data from the given question
1. The above DFD shows the level (DFD because the entire system is broken into
sub
processes P₁ and P₂ only.

it is not o level DFD as the system is defined in more than 1 process, and also it is
not 2 level DFD as the process P₁ and P₂ are not further Categorized into sub-
processes,
hence the given DFD is leve DFD.

2. The four errors or the violation of rules of DFD in the given DFD are as
follows:

• The process P₁ is executing first therefore it should be numbered as 1-0 while

the process P₂ should be numbered as 2-0

• In DFD, each process should have a minimum of one data flow going into it 4
one data flow leaving it.

clearly this rule is violating in the given DFD as in process P₂ no data flow is
going outside from it
In DFD there should be at least one process:
1. between the data flow of two entities, clearly in the given DFD entities E₁ and
E₂ are connected directly with each other with data flow DF1, therefore it is
violating the rule of DPD.

• In DFD there should be at least one process between the data flow of an entity
and the data storage,

clearly in the given DFD entity E₂ and data storage D1 are connected directly
with each other with data flow DF5

therefore, it is violating the rule of DFD.