1.

RNA Polymerases:
a. RNA Pol I DNA rRNA
b. RNA Pol II DNA mRNA
c. RNA PolIII DNA tRNA

2. Prokaryotic DNA polymerases:

a. Pol I Excision repair with both 3'-5' and 5'-3' exonuclease activity and processing of
Okazaki fragments
b. Pol II Has 3'-5' exonuclease activity and participates in DNA repair, replication restart
to bypass lesions
c. Pol III Primary enzyme involved in DNA replication
d. Pol IV Error-prone DNA polymerase involved in non-targeted mutagenesis
e. Pol V Involved in SOS response and translesion synthesis DNA repair mechanisms

3. Primase Lays down RNA primers required for DNA synthesis of Okazaki
fragments on lagging strand

4. Eukaryotic DNA polymerase:

a. Pol β short-patch base excision repair
b. Pol λ involved in nonhomologous end-joining
c. Pol σ ?
d. Pol μ involved in nonhomologous end-joining

e. Pol α initiation of DNA replication at ORI and primase activity

f. Pol δ involved in DNA replication and repair - primarily lagging strand synthesis
g. Pol ε leading strand DNA synthesis and nucleotide and base excision repair

h. Pol η (eta) allowing accurate translesion synthesis of DNA damage resulting from ultraviolet
radiation or UV
i. Pol ι (iota) involved in translesion synthesis, only uses Hoogsteen base pairing
j. Pol κ role in translesion synthesis

k. Pol Rev1 involved in translesion synthesis

l. Pol ζ (zeta) involved in translesion synthesis

m. Pol γ only mtDNA polymerase and therefore replicates, repairs, and has proofreading
3'-5' exonuclease
n. Pol θ (theta) ?

o. Pol ν (nu) ?

5. Helicases
a. Topoisomerases interconvert topological isomers to detangle DNA
b. Gyrases create double-stranded breaks to tangle DNA

i. In Prokaryotes: Rho is a helicase which can help in transcription termination by

associating itself with the RNA polymerase complex at cytosine-rich termination sites.
Rho-independent termination occurs in G:C rich followed by A:T rich termination sites.
6. Nucleases
a. Type I Restriction enzyme cuts and removes methyl group from Adenine (methylase).
b. Type II Restriction enzyme cuts (lab variety).
c. Type III Restriction enzyme cuts and adds methyl group to one Adenine (methyltransferase).
Recognition is asymmetrical.
d. Type IV Restriction enzyme cuts and removes methyl group to both Adenine
(methyltransferase)
e. DNAseI digests only DNA at pyrimidines.

7. In Eukaryotes: PolyA sites terminate transcription