CLASS TEST S.No.

: 01 SK_EFS_250522

Delhi | Bhopal | Hyderabad | Jaipur | Lucknow | Pune | Bhubaneswar | Kolkata | Patna

Web: www.madeeasy.in | E-mail: info@madeeasy.in | Ph: 011-45124612

SIGNALS & SYSTEMS

EC + EE
Date of Test : 25/05/2022

ANSWER KEY h

1. (d) 7. (b) 13. (c) 19. (d) 25. (b)

2. (d) 8. (b) 14. (a) 20. (c) 26. (b)

3. (a) 9. (c) 15. (b) 21. (c) 27. (b)

4. (c) 10. (a) 16. (a) 22. (d) 28. (a)

5. (c) 11. (c) 17. (a) 23. (d) 29. (c)

6. (c) 12. (d) 18. (b) 24. (d) 30. (c)

 8 EC + EE

D E TA I L E D E X P L A N AT I O N S

1. (d)

h(t) = te–t
π π
5 sin 2t + 4 5H(jω0)sin 2t + 4 +∠H( jω0)
ω0 = 2 rad/sec

−t
h(t ) = te
d  2  −4 jω
H ( jω) = j  =
dω  1 + ω 2  (1 + ω 2 )2

−4 j(2) 8
H ( jω0 ) = 2
= (ω0 = 2 rad/sec)
(1 + 4) 25

∠H ( jω0) = –90°

8  π π 8  π
output = 5 × sin  2t + −  = sin  2t −
   
25 4 2 5 4

8  sin 2t cos 2t 
−
5  2 
=
2 

8
= (sin 2t − cos 2t )
5 2
= 1.13 (sin 2t – cos 2t)

2. (d)
1 1
∵ x (t) = tu(t ) − (t − 5)u(t − 5)
5 5

1 e −5 s
= −
5s 2 5s 2

1  1 − e−s 5 
=  
s 2  5 

3. (a)

1
sin(200 πt )
←→
πt
–200π 200π ω

1
sin(100πt )
←→
πt
–100π 100π ω

www.madeeasy.in © Copyright :
 CT-2022-23 • Signals and Systems 9

X(ω)

1
sin(200πt )  sin(100πt )  ←→
x(t ) = ∗ 
πt  πt 
–100π 100π ω

∞ ∞ 100π
1 1 200π
∫ ∫
2 2
E=
−∞
x(t ) dt =
2π −∞
X (ω) d ω =
2π ∫ (1) dω =
2π
= 100
−100π

4. (c)
n n
 1  1
h (n) = 3   u( n) − 2  −  u(n)
 2  3
Taking ‘z’ transform, we get
3 2
H (z) = −
 1 −1   1 −1 
 1 − z   1 + z 
2 3

Y ( z) 3 + z −1 − 2 + z −1 1 + 2 z −1
= =
X( z) 1 1 1 1
1 − z −1 − z −2 1 − z −1 − z −2
6 6 6 6

1 1
Y(z) − z −1 Y ( z) − z −2Y ( z) = X(z) + 2z –1 X (z)
6 6
Taking inverse ‘z’ transform
1 1
y( n) − y( n − 1) − y( n − 2) = x (n) + 2x(n – 1)
6 6
1 1
y (n) = y( n − 1) + y( n − 2) + x ( n) + 2 x (n − 1)
6 6

5. (c)
Given, H(ω) = –2jω
From the definition of inverse fourier transform,
∞
1 jωt
x(t) = ∫ X ( ω ) e dω
2 π −∞

differentiate both sides,

∞
dx(t ) 1 jωt
= 2 π ∫ j ωX ( ω ) e d ω
dt −∞
∞
dx(t ) 1
−2 = ∫−2 jω X( ω )e jωt dω
dt 2 π −∞
H (ω )

dx(t )
∴ Passing x(t) through H(w) is equivalent to perform −2
dt
dx(t )
∴ y(t) = −2
dt
given, x(t) = ejt

© Copyright : www.madeeasy.in
 10 EC + EE

d jt
∴ y(t) = −2 [e ]
dt
y(t) = –2je jt

6. (c)
z
Given, x(n ) ←
→ X(z)
by the definition of z-transform,
∞
X(z) = ∑ x( n)z − n
n = −∞

∞ ∞

= ∑ ∑ ak δ[n − 5k ]z−n
n = −∞ k = 0

The term δ[n – 5k] is equal 1 if n = 5k and equal to zero otherwise.

∞

∴ X(z) = ∑ a k z −5 k [∵ n = 5k]
k=0

1
=
1 − az −5
z5
or X(z) =
z5 − a

7. (b)
sin(10 πt )
Given, x(t) =
πt
Taking Fourier transform
1 ; ω ≤ 10 π
X( jω) = 
0 ; ω > 10 π
or
X( jω)

–10π 0 10π ω
∴ The maximum frequency ‘ωm’ present in x(t) is ωm = 10π
Hence we require,
2π
Ts > 2 ωm
2π
Ts > 20π
1
∴ Ts <
10

www.madeeasy.in © Copyright :
 CT-2022-23 • Signals and Systems 11

8. (b)
The output of the given LTI system is,
+∞ +∞
y[n] = ∑ h [ k ] e jω( n − k ) + ∑ h [ k ] e j2 ω( n − k )
k = −∞ k = −∞

+∞ +∞

= e
j ωn
∑ h [ k ] e − jωk + e j2 ωn ∑ h [ k ] e − j2 ω k
k = −∞ k = −∞

jωn
= e H ( e jω ) + e j 2 ωn H ( e j 2 ω )
Since the input cannot be extracted from the above expression, the sum of the complex exponential
is not an eigen function.

9. (c)
(1 + cos300πt )2 → f1 max = 300 Hz
(sin4000πt )2 → f2 max = 4000 Hz
fmax = f1 max + f2 max = 4300 Hz
fs = 2fmax = 8.6 kHz

10. (a)

1 1
1 1
2 2
x[n + 1] =

–1 1 5 7

x[2n + 1] = 0
⇒ n x[2n + 1] = y [n ] = 0
∞
⇒ ∑ y [n] = 0
n = −∞

11. (c)
Given that,

Let, y1(t) = 2 πX( −ω ) ω = t

∞
We have, y1(t) = 2 π ∫ x( u)e jut du
u = −∞

Similarly, let y2(t) be the output due to passing x(t) through ‘F’ twice.

∞ ∞
y2(t) = 2 π ∫ 2π ∫ x( u)e juv du e jt v dv
v = −∞ u = −∞

∞ ∞
= (2 π )
2
∫ x( u) ∫ e j( t + u ) v dv du
u = −∞ v = −∞

∫
2
= (2 π ) x( u)(2 π )δ(t + u)du
u = −∞

© Copyright : www.madeeasy.in
 12 EC + EE

= (2π)3 X(–t)
Finally, let y3(t) be the output due to passing x(t) through F three times
∞
y3(t) = 2 π ∫ (2 π )3 x( − u)e j t u du
u = −∞

∞
= (2 π )
4
∫ e − jtu x( u)du = (2π)4 X(t)
−∞

12. (d)
Given, x1(n) = x(2n)
From the definition of z-transform,
∞
X(z) = ∑ x( n)z − n
n = −∞
∞
∴ X1(z) = ∑ x(2n )z − n
n = −∞

K
K = 2n ⇒ n=
2
at n = –∞ ⇒ K = –∞
n = +∞ ⇒ K = +∞
∞ K
−
= ∑ x( K )z 2
K = −∞

∞  x(K ) + ( −1)K x( K )  − K
= ∑  2
 z 2 ; K even

K = −∞  

=
1 ∞
∑
2 K = −∞
−
x( K )z 2 +
1 ∞
K

∑ x(K ) − z 2
2 K = −∞
( )1 −K

From the definition of z-transform

1
X1(z) =  X( z ) + X( − z )
2 

13. (c)
The fourier transform of x(t) can be written

X1(jω) = X1 ( jω) e j∠X1 ( jω )

1; |ω|< 3π
Let, X1a ( jω ) = 0; otherwise

Note that, given X1(jω) is “3jw” times X1a(jω)

3 jω ; |ω|< 3π
∴ X1(jω) = 
0; otherwise

www.madeeasy.in © Copyright :
 CT-2022-23 • Signals and Systems 13

π
Since, at ω = 3π, |X1(jω)| = 9π and ∠X1(jω) =
2

π
ω = –3π, |X1(jω)| = 9π and ∠X1(jω) = −
2
By taking inverse fourier transform,
d
Thus, x1(t) = 3 x1 a ( t ) [By using differential property]
dt
sin 3πt
also we can express x1a(t) =
πt
d  sin 3πt 
Thus, x1(t) = 3
dt  πt 
3 1
= × [ 3πt cos 3πt − sin 3πt ]
π t2
3
∴ x1(t) = [ 3πt cos 3πt − sin 3πt ]
πt 2
14. (a)
x2(t)

x1(t) 2
1
1

t t
–1 1 –3 –1 1 3
2 2 2 2

 1  1
x2(t) = x1  t −  + x1  t + 
2 2
Since the system is LTI

x1(t ) g(t)
LTI

x1 t – 1 gt– 1
2 2
LTI

x1 t + 1 gt+ 1
2 2
LTI

1 1
gt– + gt+ = y(t)
x2(t) 2 2
LTI

 1  1
y(0) = g  −  + g   = 3.25 + 3.25 = 6.50
 2  2

© Copyright : www.madeeasy.in
 14 EC + EE

15. (b)
Let x(t) be considered as combination of three signals
i.e. x (t) = x1(t) ⋅ x2(t) + x3(t)

sin( πθ)
sinc(θ) =
πθ

and sin at F 1 ω ≤a
←→ X ( jω ) = 
πt 0 ω >a
sin at a
⇒ maximum frequency component in is (Hz)
πt 2π
80 π
fmax of signal sinc(80 t) f1 = = 40 Hz
2π
120 π
fmax of signal sinc(120t) f2 = = 60 Hz
2π
1 50 π
fmax of signal si nc(50t ) f3 = = 25 Hz
2 2π
x1(t) and x2(t) are multiplied in time domain, thus their frequencies will add up since they will be
convoluted.
fmax of sinc(80 t) ⋅ sinc(120t) is
f1 + f2 = 40 + 60 = 100 Hz
∴ fmax of x(t) is f m = maximum[f1 + f2, f3 ]

then, fs = 2 fm
f s = 2 × 100 = 200 Hz

16. (a)
10 − 8z−1 2
+
4
Given, X(z) = = −1
−1
2 − 5z + 2 z −2 (2 − z ) (1 − 2 z −1 )
2z 4z
X(z) = +
2z − 1 z − 2
z 4z
X(z) = +
 1 ( z − 2)
z− 
 2 
Since, ROC includes unit circle,
1
∴ ROC of X(z) is < z <2
2
n
1 n
x[n] =   u[n ] − 4(2 ) u[ −n − 1]
2
1
∴ x(1) = = 0.5
2

www.madeeasy.in © Copyright :
 CT-2022-23 • Signals and Systems 15

17. (a)
F2 (s) = F1(s) ⋅ e –s τ
2
F1 ( s) ⋅ F1∗ ( s ) F1 ( s)
∴ G (s) = e − s τ ⋅ 2
= e −sτ ⋅ 2
F1 (s ) F1 ( s)
= e – sτ
∴ g(t) = δ (t – τ)

18. (b)

X(s) X1(s) 1 X2(s) 1 Y(s)

+ s s

–3 –2

X2 (s )
now, Y(s) = ,
s
X1 (s)
X 2(s) =
s
now, X1(s) = X(s) – 2Y(s) – 3X2(s)
s2Y(s) = X(s) – 3sY(s) – 2Y(s)
2
(s + 3s+ 2)Y(s) = X (s)
Y (s) 1 1
= 2 =
X(s) s + 3s + 2 (s + 1)(s + 2)
Y (s) 1 1
= −
X(s) s + 1 s + 2

19. (d)
Let, the given transfer function,

b( s + a)
H(s) =
(s + b)

X(s ) C(s )
H(s )

1
where, X(s) = (∵ unit step response)
s
b( s + a)
C(s) = X (s )H (s ) =
s(s + b )
Given, c(0) = 2
b(s + a )
⇒ Lt s ⋅ = 2
s →∞ s( s + b )
b = 2
and c(∞) = 8
b(s + a)
⇒ Lt s ⋅ = 8
s →0 s(s + b )

© Copyright : www.madeeasy.in
 16 EC + EE

a = 8
a 8
now, = =4
b 2

20. (c)
We know that the Laplace transform of
s
cos(at)u(t) =
s + a2
2

s
∴ cos(πt)u(t) =
s 2 + π2
now, the given function x(t) can be written as,
x(t) = cos(πt)u(t) – cos πt u(t – 1)
= cos(πt)u(t) – cos π(t – 1 + 1) u(t – 1)
= cos(πt)u(t) – cos [π(t – 1) + π] u(t – 1)
= cos π tu(t) – [cos π(t – 1) (–1) – 0] u(t – 1)
= cos π tu(t) + cos π(t – 1) u(t – 1)
By taking Laplace transform,
s s e−s
X(s) = + [∵ x(t – t0) = X(s) ⋅ e –st0 , by shifting property]
s2 + π 2 s2 + π 2
s[1 + e − s ]
X(s) =
s2 + π2

21. (c)

d
dt
+ y(t)
x(t)
h1(t) Σ
x2(t)
+

h2(t)

Let x2(t ) = δ (t )
 d 
h2(t ) =  δ(t ) + δ(t )
 dt 
–t
h1(t ) = e u(t)
−t  d 
h(t ) = e u(t ) ∗  δ(t ) + δ(t )
dt
−t −t d
h(t ) = e u(t ) ∗ δ(t ) + e u(t ) ∗ δ (t )
dt
−t
= e u(t ) + (
d −t
dt
)
e u(t ) ∗ δ(t )

u(t ) + ( e u(t ))
−t d −t
= e
dt
= e −t u(t ) − e −t u(t ) + e −t δ(t )

h(t ) = δ (t ) ∵ e − t δ(t ) = e 0 δ(t ) = δ ( t )

www.madeeasy.in © Copyright :
 CT-2022-23 • Signals and Systems 17

22. (d)
Given discrete-time signal
π 
x[n] = n2n sin  n u[n]
2 
we know that,
 π
z sin  
 π    2 z
Z sin  n u[ n] = = 2
 2   π
 z2 − 2 z cos   + 1 z + 1
 2
Using the multiplication by exponential property,
we have
 x[n ]←
→ X ( z) 
 π    π    
Z  2 n sin  n u[n] = Z  sin  n u[n ]  n  z 
 2    2    z
z→    a x[n]←→X  
 a 
 2 
z 2z
= = 2
z 2 + 1 z→ z z +4
2
Using differentiation in z-domain property
 x[n ] ←→ X ( z) 
 π   d   π    
Z n 2 n sin  n u[ n] = − z Z  n 2n sin  n u[n ]   nx[ n] ← d
 2   dz   2    → − z X( z)
dz 
d  2z 
= −z  
dz  z2 + 4 
 ( z2 + 4)(2) − 2 z(2 z)   −2 z 2 + 8 
= − z   = − z  2
( z2 + 4)2 2
   ( z + 4) 
 π   2 z( z 2 − 4)
Z n 2 n sin  n u[ n] =
 2   ( z2 + 4)2

23. (d)
We know that

1
FT [ e − t u(t )] =
1 + jω
Using duality property
FT
x(t ) ←
→ X (ω )
FT
X (t ) ←
→ 2 π x( −ω )
 1  FT
we have FT  → 2 π e −( −ω ) u( −ω )
 ←
 1 + jt 
FT
→ 2 π eω u( −ω )
←
Using the time reversal property,
i.e. x (–t) = X(–ω), we have

© Copyright : www.madeeasy.in
 18 EC + EE

 1  FT
FT  → 2 π e −ω u(ω )
 ←
 1 − jt 
IFT 1  1 
∴ e − ω u(ω ) ←
→ FT  
2π  1 − jt 
1
∴ FT −1  e −ω u(ω) =
2 π(1 − jt )

24. (d)
Given, x(t) = 2 + cos(50 πt )
Frequency of signal ωsig = 50π
T s = 0.025 sec
2π
∴ sampling frequency ωs = T = 80 π rad/sec
s
then, X (jω) = 4 π δ(ω) + π[δ(ω + 50π) + δ(ω – 50π)]
Let the sampled signal be represented as X s (jω), where X s (jω) is given as
1 ∞
X s(jω) = ∑ X( j(ω − nωs ))
Ts m = −∞

X( jω) Xs( jω)

4π 4π/Ts

π ⇒ sampled ⇒ π/Ts

–50π 50π ω –80π –50π –30π 30π 50π 80π ω

X s(jω) = 40 ∑ [4π δ( ω − 80π )] + π δ(ω − 50π − 80πn) − π δ(ω + 50π − 80πn )]

m = −∞

now, the sampled input X s (jω) is passed through a low passed filter having cut-off frequency at
ω = 40π.
Therefore the output Y ( jω) will contain only the components which are less than ω = 40 π.
Xs( jω) Y ( j ω)
4π/Ts 4π/Ts

π/Ts LPF π/Ts

–80π –30π 30π 50π 80π ω –30π 30π ω

Now by putting Ts = 0.025, we will get
Y( jω)
160π

40π

–30π 30π ω

www.madeeasy.in © Copyright :
 CT-2022-23 • Signals and Systems 19

25. (b)
 ω2 
Given, X(s) = ln 1 + 2 
 s 

  ω2  
Let x(t) = L−1 [ X(s )] = L−1 ln  1 + 
  s 2  

 ω2   s2 + ω 2 
∴ L[x(t)] = ln 1 + 2  = ln  2 
 s   s 
= ln[s 2 + ω2] – ln s2
−d 
L[t x (t)] = ln(s 2 + ω 2 ) − ln s 2 
dS  

−1 1 2 2s
= ⋅ 2s + 2s = − 2
s2 + ω 2 s 2 s s + ω2

−1  2 2s 
∴ t x (t) = L  − 2 
 s s + ω2 
= (2 – 2cosωt)u(t) = 2(1 – cosωt)u(t)
2(1 − cos ωt )
∴ x (t) = u(t )
t

26. (b)
Y(z) = X(z) ⋅ H(z)

1
for unit step input, X(z) = (∵ x [n] = unit step)
1 − z −1

z3
∴ Y(z) =
 1  1
( z − 1)  z −   z − 
 2  4
Y ( z) C1 C C
= + 2 + 3
z z−1 z− 1 1
z−
2 4

z2 8
C1 = =
 1  1 3
 z −   z − 
4 2 z=1

z2
C2 = = −2
( z − 1)  z −
1

4 z=
1
2

z2 1
C3 = =
( z − 1)  z −
1 3

2 z=
1
4

© Copyright : www.madeeasy.in
 20 EC + EE

8 z z 1 z
∴ Y(z) = −2 +
3z−1 1 3z− 1
z−
2 4
Taking inverse z-transform,

1  1 
n n
 1
y[n] = 3  8 − 6   +    u[n ]
 2 4 

27. (b)
x(t ) has hidden odd symmetry.
So, an = 0
1
2 1
T <T∫>
bn = x(t ) sin(2πnt ) dt = 2∫ t sin(2πnt ) dt = −
0
πn
1
⇒ b1 = −
π
Power in first harmonic is,
2
 1
2 π
=   =
b1 1
P1 = 2
= 50.66 × 10−3
2 2 π ×2

28. (a)

x(t ) ←→ X (ω)

e–jt x(t ) ←→ X (ω + 1)

t
j  t  1  ω 
e 2 x  −  ←→ X +1
 2 1   1  
− −
2   2  
t
j  t 
e 2 x  −  ←→ 2X (–2ω + 1)
 2
t
1 j 2  t  ←→
e x −  X (–2ω + 1)
2  2

29. (c)
• Linear in x[n]
• Upper limit of summation operator is a function of n ⇒ Time variant
• n 2 > n ⇒ non causal
• When x[n] is bounded, y[n] is also bounded ⇒ Stable

www.madeeasy.in © Copyright :
 CT-2022-23 • Signals and Systems 21

30. (c)

 t + 1  t − 1
x(t ) = rect   − rect  
 2   2 
2sin(ω / 2)
rect (t ) ←→
ω
t  ω ω
rect   ←→ 4 sin(2 /2) = 2sin
 2 2ω ω
 t + 1 2 sin(ω) j ω
rect   ←→ ⋅e
 2  ω
 t − 1 2sin(ω) − j ω
rect   ←→ ⋅e
 2  ω
2 sin ω j ω j 4 sin ω sin ω j 2(1 − cos(2ω))
⇒ X(ω) = (e − e − j ω ) = =
ω ω ω

„„„„

© Copyright : www.madeeasy.in