Vertebrate Fish Amphibia Reptiles Birds Mammals

class
Examples Herring ,perch ,also Frog ,toad ,newt Lizard ,snake Robin ,pigeon mouse
sharks
Body covering scales Moist skin Dry skin ,with scales Feathers, with fur
scales on legs
Movement Fins (also used for Four limbs ,back feet are Four legs (apart Two wings and two Four limbs
balance) often webbed to make from snakes) legs
swimming more efficient
Reproduction Produce jelly-covered Produce jelly-covered eggs Produce eggs with a Produce eggs with Produce live
eggs in water in water rubbery, hard shell, laid on young
waterproof shell; land
laid on land
Sense organs Eyes; Eyes; Eyes; Eyes; Eyes;
No ears; Ears; Ears; Ears; Ears with a
Lateral line along pinna
body for detecting (external
vibrations in water flap)
Other details Cold-blooded; Cold-blooded; Cold-blooded; Warm-blooded; Warm-
Gills for breathing; Lungs and skin for breathing Lungs for breathing Lungs for breathing, blooded;
beak Lungs for
breathing;
Females
have
mammary
glands to
produce milk
to feed
young;
Four types of
teeth;
Key features of the five classes of vertebrates
 Insects
e.g. dragonfly ,wasp
 Three pairs of legs
 Body divided into
head, thorax and
abdomen
 One pair of antennae
 One pair of compound
eyes
 Usually have two pairs
of wings
Key features of the four classes of arthropods
Arachnids
e.g. spider ,mite
 Four pairs of legs
 Body divided into
cephalothorax and
abdomen
 
 Several pairs of simple
eyes
 Chelicerae for biting
and poisoning prey
Crustacea Myriapods
e.g. crab ,woodlouse e.g. centipede, millipede
 Five or more pairs of  Ten or more pairs of
legs legs (usually one pair
per segment)
 Body divided into  Body not obviously
cephalothorax and divided into thorax and
abdomen abdomen
Two pairs of antennae  One pair of antennae
 One pair of compound  Simple eyes
eyes
 Exoskeleton often
calcified to form a
carapace (hard)

Feature Monocotyledon Dicotyledon

Leaf shape Long and narrow Broad
Leaf veins Parallel Branching
Cotyledons One Two
Grouping of flower parts (petals, sepals Threes Fives
and carpels)
Summary of key features of monocots and dicots