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Flexi WCDMA BTS Commissioning IP Mode Iub

Nokia Siemens Networks


Flexi WCDMA BTS Commissioning
IP Mode Iub, RU20 – WN6.0

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Flexi WCDMA BTS Commissioning

Legal notice
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Connecting to the BTS locally

Default User Name: Nemuadmin


Default Password: nemuuser
PC IP address: 192.168.255.130
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0

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Connecting to the BTS locally (cont.)

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Connecting to the BTS locally (cont.)

Message may pop up in case of a mismatch between BTS SW


version and Site Manager version.
Mismatch can be in either direction – BTS SW could be newer
than Site Manager SW, or else it could be significantly older.
For this reason, it may be useful to have several minor versions
of the same Site Manager installed on one’s PC.

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Connecting to the BTS locally (cont.)

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Connecting to the BTS locally (cont.)

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Connected to the BTS

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Connecting to the BTS remotely

Default User Name: Nemuadmin


Default Password: nemuuser

Only one connection via BTS Site Manager


to the BTS can be active at one time.

Remote connection is only possible if


Data Communication Network (DCN)
interface is connected.

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Connecting to the BTS remotely (cont.)

If connection is not secured, non-secure connection


can be accepted in order to connect to the BTS.

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Start Commissioning Online

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Start Commissioning Offline

Appropriate version of WCDMA BTS Site Manager


should be selected.

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Offline Commissioning: HW Selection

Appropriate HW should be selected from the


drop-down lists.
Note: During site installation, RF Module/RRH
with index 1 should be physically connected to
OPT RF-1 port on the System Module.

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Create Commissioning File based on existing one

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Begin Commissioning: Select Target

BTS – Create commissioning file for BTS only


TRS – Create commissioning file for Transmission Sub-module (TRS) only
BTS Site – Create commissioning file for both BTS and TRS

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Commissioning Type

Reconfiguration option is only


available in on-line mode

Select Commissioning file


for Template or Planned
commissioning

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Site Properties

BTS ID is unique identifier in Radio Network Subsystem

FHA – Flexi High Speed Adapter (I-HSPA)

RNC Operation and Maintenance Unit (OMU) IP address

NTP Server – Network Time Protocol Server

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Site Properties (cont.)

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Security settings

LDAP – Lightweight Directory


Access Protocol

CMP – Certificate Management


Protocol

TLS – Transport Layer Security or


SSL Secure Sockets Layer

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Configuring CMP and CR server IP addresses


A Certificate Management Protocol (CMP) is used to fetch the CA signed BTS certificate and
CA certificates automatically and to perform it in a secure manner.
To do so BTS must be configured with:
• Reference Number (RefNum) and Pre Share Key (PSK).
• CMP server IP address and TCP port number.
• Certificate repository (CR) IP address and TCP port number.
RefNum and PSK are used for the initial encryption of CMP messages between the CMP
client and CMP server. At the initial configuration these values shall be made out-of-band and
using the Site Element Manager the values are downloaded over a local connection.
The CMP server IP address and TCP port number is configured using the Element Manager
or by deploying a BTS Site Configuration File or via the NMS. This con-figuration is used by
the BTS embedded CMP client to exchange messages with the CMP server.
The CR IP address and TCP port number is configured using the Element Manager, by
deploying a BTS Site Configuration File or via the NMS. This configuration is used by the BTS
embedded CMP client to retrieve the CA certificate from the certificate repository (CR). The
CA certificate retrieval uses the LDAPv3 protocol.
PSK and RefNum must be generated in the same CMP server which will be used to get BTS
and CA certificates. These values also need to be made available for the CMP server in order
to allow establishment of a secure CMP message exchange.
Configuring CMP and CR server IP addresses and PSK and RefNum triggers taking CMP into
use for this particular BTS. This causes the creation of a new private and public key pair,
followed by a CMP Initialize sequence to obtain a valid and CA signed BTS certificate as well
as the CA certificate to be used by the BTS.

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Security settings (cont.)


LDAP – Lightweight Directory Access Protocol is used to authenticate remote users
via the DCN network.
LDAP server – Contains the database of remote-user password information. If LDAP
server is not configured, remote users are authenticated only through the local user
name and password.
CMP – Certificate Management Protocol is used to provide a secure, encrypted
(IPsec) connection for remote users over the DCN network.
CMP server – Manages the security certificates for remote users. A certificate is a
public-private key pair (IPsec) + encryption algorithm + signature from an encryption
authority.
Certificate Repository – Needs to be used along with CMP server if certificates are
to be managed (downloaded) automatically instead of manually.
TLS for OAM interface – Transport Layer Security protocol uses encryption (IPsec)
to provide a secure OAM (DCN) channel to RNC (OMS) and secure file transfer
over the DCN. IPsec tunnel extends from WBTS to OMS, passing through OMU.
By default, the security level is set to Probing, auto-matching with the far end.
BTS firewall – Implements the IP Filtering feature (to be configured on a later page).
By default, ping and traceroute commands are enabled to pass through the firewall.

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Configuring CMP and CR server IP addresses


A Certificate Management Protocol (CMP) is used to fetch the CA signed BTS certificate and
CA certificates automatically and to perform it in a secure manner.
To do so BTS must be configured with:
• Reference Number (RefNum) and Pre Share Key (PSK).
• CMP server IP address and TCP port number.
• Certificate repository (CR) IP address and TCP port number.
RefNum and PSK are used for the initial encryption of CMP messages between the CMP
client and CMP server. At the initial configuration these values shall be made out-of-band and
using the Site Element Manager the values are downloaded over a local connection.
The CMP server IP address and TCP port number is configured using the Element Manager
or by deploying a BTS Site Configuration File or via the NMS. This con-figuration is used by
the BTS embedded CMP client to exchange messages with the CMP server.
The CR IP address and TCP port number is configured using the Element Manager, by
deploying a BTS Site Configuration File or via the NMS. This configuration is used by the BTS
embedded CMP client to retrieve the CA certificate from the certificate repository (CR). The
CA certificate retrieval uses the LDAPv3 protocol.
PSK and RefNum must be generated in the same CMP server which will be used to get BTS
and CA certificates. These values also need to be made available for the CMP server in order
to allow establishment of a secure CMP message exchange.
Configuring CMP and CR server IP addresses and PSK and RefNum triggers taking CMP into
use for this particular BTS. This causes the creation of a new private and public key pair,
followed by a CMP Initialize sequence to obtain a valid and CA signed BTS certificate as well
as the CA certificate to be used by the BTS.

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Physical Layer Configuration (FTIB)

In Iub IP configuration, PDH interfaces can be


taken into use only for site synchronization.

Transport Mode options for Ethernet


interfaces (available for transmission
modules FTJA, FTIA, FTIB, & FTLB)

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Transport Address and QoS

IP address/subnet of the enabled Ethernet Interface on


TRS unit and the corresponding bandwidth.
Select ‘Include Ethernet Overhead’ to include Ethernet
overhead in signal shaping.

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It is possible to shape the bandwidth of the Ethernet Transport interface in the range
of 0.5 to 100 Mbit/s in steps of 0.5 Mbit/s.
Minimum shaped bandwidth must be equal to or greater than the defined CAC
committed bitrate (configured on a later page).
Bandwidth can be configured so that the shaper takes into account the bandwidth
value either on Ethernet layer or on IP layer.
This can be selected by enabling/disabling the check box “Include Ethernet
overhead”.
If this checkbox is ticked, the shaper uses the bandwidth on Ethernet layer.

Policing and shaping are QoS components used to limit traffic flow.
Policing drops or marks traffic that exceeds limits, but shaping regulates the traffic
back to a defined rate by delaying or queuing the traffic.

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Transport Address and QoS (cont.)

Ethernet Quality of Service parameters

Highest priority

Lowest priority

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Expedited Forwarding (EF) Per Hop Behavior (PHB)


The IETF defines Expedited Forwarding behavior in RFC 3246.
The EF PHB has the characteristics of low delay, low loss and low jitter.
These characteristics are suitable for voice, video and other realtime services.
EF traffic is often given strict priority queuing above all other traffic classes.
Because an overload of EF traffic will cause queuing delays and affect the jitter and
delay tolerances within the class, EF traffic is often strictly controlled through admis-
sion control, policing and other mechanisms.
Typical networks will limit EF traffic to no more than 30% – and often much less – of
the capacity of a link.

Assured Forwarding (AF) Per Hop Behavior (PHB)


The IETF defines the Assured Forwarding behavior in RFC 2597.
Assured forwarding allows the operator to provide assurance of delivery as long as
the traffic does not exceed some subscribed rate. Traffic that exceeds the subscrip-
tion rate faces a higher probability of being dropped if congestion occurs.

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Transport Address and QoS (cont.)

VLAN Priority and VLAN ID are contained in Ethernet Frame (IEEE802.1Q – VLAN Tagging)

VLAN Priority CFI VLAN ID (12 bits)

Cannonical format indication (1 bit)


VLAN/User priority (3 bits => values 0…7)
7 – highest priority
:
0 – lowest priority DSCP is a part of IP header

Not used
DSCP (DiffServ Code Points) 6 bits
(2 bits)

DS Differentiated Service field in IP header


1 byte (former TOS – Type of Service field)

Mapping of Ethernet QoS to IP QoS

SG – Signaling Group
DCN – Data Communication Network
BFD – Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
TOP – Timing Over Packet
ICMP – Internet Control Message Protocol
DSCP – Differentiated Services Code Point

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Per-Hop Behavior
The Per-Hop Behavior (PHB) is indicated by encoding a 6-bit value – called the
Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) – into the 8-bit Differentiated Services
(DS) field of the IP Packet Header.

Expedited Forwarding (EF) Per Hop Behavior (PHB)


The IETF defines Expedited Forwarding behavior in RFC 3246.
The EF PHB has the characteristics of low delay, low loss and low jitter.
These characteristics are suitable for voice, video and other realtime services.
EF traffic is often given strict priority queuing above all other traffic classes.
Because an overload of EF traffic will cause queuing delays and affect the jitter and
delay tolerances within the class, EF traffic is often strictly controlled through admis-
sion control, policing and other mechanisms.
Typical networks will limit EF traffic to no more than 30% – and often much less – of
the capacity of a link.

Assured Forwarding (AF) Per Hop Behavior (PHB)


The IETF defines the Assured Forwarding behavior in RFC 2597.
Assured forwarding allows the operator to provide assurance of delivery as long as
the traffic does not exceed some subscribed rate. Traffic that exceeds the subscrip-
tion rate faces a higher probability of being dropped if congestion occurs.

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Define Iub IP Settings

IP signaling subnet within RNC.


ICSU must be in this subnet!

ICSU – Interface Control and Signaling Unit


SCTP – Stream Control Transmission Protocol
UDP – User Datagram Protocol
CAC – Connection Admission Control
BFD – Bidirectional Forwarding Detection

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Define Iub IP Settings (cont.)

Far-end IP address for BFD

BFD is a network protocol used to detect


faults between two forwarding engines.

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Timing over Packet

Timing Over Packet page is available only if FTIB or FTLB


transmission sub-module is installed and commissioned.

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Synchronization

At least a primary synchronization source should be defined,


if Timing over Packet is not used and if no external timing
source is available (such as 2 MHz clock or GPS signal)

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BTS Routing

Default Gateway for BTS OAM, Control and User plane

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IP Filtering

IP-based filtering is a security feature designed to restrict


access of locally connected hosts towards the data
communication network (DCN), and from external hosts
to locally connected IP devices (BBU, RET, etc.)
By default, traffic between the local management port
(LMP) and DCN network is discarded, while all types of
traffic between the BTS or TRS (transmission unit) and
DCN network are allowed.

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IP Filtering feature implements access protection to the Flexi WCDMA BTS's


transmission.
It is possible to filter IP traffic based on source and destination IP addresses and
TCP/UDP port numbers.
IP traffic supervision is extended to all packet flows in WCDMA BTS. It introduces a
new mode to define more selectively the access to/from IP DCN.
The operator can select between the following modes, independently for each of the
three packet flows:
- In unrestricted mode, all IP traffic is allowed to pass through.
- In restricted mode, no IP traffic is allowed to pass through.
- In restricted mode with exceptions, the IP routing function validates the source and
destination information of each incoming IP packet against the configuration in the
related table. IP packets not matching the criteria are discarded.
Whether only IP addresses or ports as well need to match is a matter of configur-
ation. It is possible to configure IP filter rules for Flexi BTS locally or remotely with
site configuration files or element manager.
IP-based filtering is a security feature designed to restrict access of locally connected
hosts towards the data communication network (DCN). This technique allows
communication between public IPs used in the BTS and a remote network to be
based on the rule sets configured in the BTS. The transmission sub-module blocks
all other traffic coming from or going to the remote network.
By default, traffic between the local management port (LMP) and DCN network is
discarded and all types of traffic between the BTS/transmission sub-module (TRS)
and DCN network are allowed.

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BTS Settings

At least one Synchronization Source must be


selected to provide synchronization alarms.

See next slide

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BTS Settings: Passive Units

To enter Inventory Data of Passive Units


(units which do not have “on-board” inventory data).

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Bar code reading and site inventory


To be able to trace a given unit based on the serial number or the version number,
it is important to collect and keep the information about the unit version and serial
numbers up to date. The most advanced units and their SW versions support the
electronic serial and version number detection and recording. Some less advanced
and passive units do not necessarily have this feature and those units need to be
scanned. Most of the units installed on the BTS have a set of extra serial and version
number labels which must be attached to the BTS cabinet door or in the inventory
form in the site folder during the installation. During the bar code reading, these
labels also need to be scanned.
More information on the bar code reading is available in the Nokia NetAct
documentation Using Bar Code Scanner and Using Asset Manager documents.

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Creating Local Cells

Local Cell 1 is allocated on Radio Module FRGF to antenna connectors


ANT1 (main) and ANT2 (diversity) => A-Type configuration.

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Creating Local Cells (cont.)

Carrier Power options other than 20W require proper licenses


activated in Flexi BTS.
Options for Single and Dual Radio Modules are 8 / 20 / 40 W.
Options for Triple Radio Modules are 8 / 20 / 30 / 40 / 60 W.

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Creating Local Cells (cont.)

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Local Cell Settings

EAC lines reserved for Flexi Power Module


are Line13 and Line14.
Do not mix these lines with remaining Alarm
Lines (Line1-12) coming from Alarm Box.

These parameters are available


only if RNC Type is set to ‘Other’.

In case of Main Power Break or Power Module Failure,


Local Cell 1 will be shut down after 15 min.

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WCDMA Carrier Candidate Settings

UARFCN value for Downlink frequency


must be specified for TX antenna in each cell.

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Local Cell Group Settings

Second LCG must be used with large


configurations greater than 6 cells, or
with more than 2 frequencies per sector.

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Baseband Pooling in Flexi BTS with MORAN (Multi-Operator RAN) support


Allows Large Configurations greater than 6 Cells
Max number of LCR = 12
Max nember of LCG (Rel1) = 2, (Rel2) = 4
MORAN with Flexi => Possibility to guarantee Baseband for each operator.

In case of Release1 MSM (Master System Module), ESM (Extension System


Module) or RF Module, baseband is FIXED.
One LCG is seen in Master System Module and the other in Extension System
Module.

In case of Release 2 MSM, ESM and RF Module, baseband is FLEXIBLE.


All LCGs can be seen in Master System Module and Extension System Module.

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Modifying TX Filter center frequency

Parameter can be used to override nominal filter tuning


to minimize noise to neighboring frequency band.

Baseband processing of HSPA dedicated cells could be


allocated (e.g.) to Extension System Module.

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HSDPA Settings

If HSPA services are enabled (enabling is done


in RNC) then baseband resources are allocated
according to HSDPA and HSUPA settings.

• HSDPA Shared Scheduler for BTS license overrides


Minimum Baseband and 16 HSDPA Users per Cell.
• Full Baseband HSDPA Resource Allocation overrides
the HSDPA Shared Scheduler for BTS license.

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HSDPA Congestion Control Settings

M-ECN related

Moderate delay region between Minimum and Middle.


Severe delay region between Middle and Maximum.

Probability value for data rate reduction


increases with increased delay rate.

M-ECN Multilevel Explicit Congestion Notification


DRT Delay Reference Time
Parts of HS-DSCH Frame
FSN Frame Sequence Number
FSN – 4 bits in FP header
DRT – 16 bits in payload

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HSDPA Congestion Control


With this feature the Iub HSDPA congestion can be detected at the BTS and even
proactively prevented, which makes higher statistical multiplexing ratios feasible.
HSDPA Congestion Control is implemented at the BTS.
Iub congestion detection is done at the BTS FP layer using:
- build-up delay information (DRT) and
- sequence numbering (FSN) field
in the downlink FP frames which the RNC includes in the HS-DSCH Data Frame.
In addition, CRC field is also included in frame loss detection because FSN can only
be monitored from intact frames.

Frame Loss type congestion is detected from incorrect CRC in FP header or payload
or from a discontinuity in Frame Sequence Numbering (FSN).
Iub delay buildup based congestion is detected per MAC-d flow by using Multilevel
ECN (Explicit Congestion Notification).

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HSUPA Settings

In case ‘Defaults in Use’ is selected for HSUPA Resource Allocation,


baseband resources for HSUPA are allocated dynamically.
In case of user-defined resource allocation, baseband resources are
allocated statically based on number of HSUPA users and Minimum
Baseband Decoding Capacity in Mbps.

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HSUPA Happy Bit Ratio Measurement

Happy bit indicates whether UE has spare power


to support higher HSUPA data rates.

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Small Transmission Filtering in Use


Parameter is used to to define filtering for Happy Bit -ratio measurement.
The target for filtering is to filter out small data bursts (such as ping) from Happy Bit -
ratio measurement as they do not give reliable information of UE allocation.

User Equipment Headroom (UPH) Threshold Filtering


Parameter defines threshold value for UE Power Headroom (UPH) values in Happy
Bit -ratio measurement.
UE sends to BTS a Happy Bit and Power Headroom information.
Happy Bits that are associated to UPH values that are below the defined threshold,
are not taken into account in Happy Bit -ratio measurement.
The target for filtering is to filter out power-limited situations from Happy Bit -ratio
measurement as they do not give reliable information of UE allocation.

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HSPA Quality of Service Settings

BTS settings should match those in RNC

For traffic with


rate guarantees

For traffic without


rate guarantees

GBR – Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) to SPI classes selected for Streaming traffic
NBR – Nominal Bit Rate (NBR) to Interactive traffic classes
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HSDPA Congestion Control


HSDPA Congestion Control Policy is an attribute which defines what kind of authority
the congestion control mechanism has over an individual SPI class.
Control all data. In a situation with risk of Iub congestion, the HSDPA CC
mechanisms are able to reduce the number of credits to zero.
This setting is intended for traffic without bit rate guarantees.
Control the data over GBR if GBR is defined. This means that in a situation
with risk of Iub congestion, the HSDPA CC mechanisms are able to reduce
all the credits that exceed GBR rates.
This setting is intended for traffic with bit rate guarantees. With this setting,
it is also possible to define similar behaviour for NBR traffic, but this is not
recommended.
No control over a SPI class. This means that HSDPA CC has no authority
to reduce credit of defined SPI class.

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AISG MHA Settings

AISG MHA (in this example WMHD)


is auto-detected. Nevertheless, the
BTS needs to be commissioned in
order to define which BTS (‘This’,
‘This and Other’, ‘Other’) is going
to control the MHA.

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AISG MHA Settings (cont.)

AISG MHA shown in this example


is connected to FRGF ANT1 and
ANT2 and it is controlled by ‘This’
BTS. MHA LNA1 and MHA LNA2
are therefore related to the same
HW (same WMHD).

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Antenna Line Settings

Based on Antenna Settings,


the total loss on the antenna Round Trip Time can be either measured
line system is calculated. (entry in ns) or calculated by the system
based on antenna cable and passive units
characteristics.

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Antenna Line Settings (cont.)

If MHA type being used is


not auto-detected, it must
be specified manually.

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Antenna Line Settings (cont.)

Antenna settings, RTT measurements,


and any MHA settings must be specified
for every antenna on the site.

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RET Settings

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External Alarm and Control Settings

External Alarm Lines 13 and 14 are configured automatically if


Intelligent Shutdown is configured for Flexi Power Module FPMA.

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View Commissioning Parameters

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Save Commissioning Parameters

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Send Commissioning Parameters

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Additional Site Settings

See next slide

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Additional Site Settings (cont.)

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Site Testing

After commissioning Site Tests, WCDMA Loop Tests


and optionally EAC Functionality Test should be
performed in order to verify the new configuration.

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Site Tests: Ethernet Test

Antenna Line Communication


test will run if antenna devices
such as MHAs are present.

FSMD System Module with two FSPs:


FSP1: 192.168.255.33
FSP3: 192.168.255.35

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WCDMA Loop Test: Test Setup

Selecting ‘Optimised Variation in Use‘ will skip


test combinations that are excessive for the
required test coverage, in order to efficiently
reduce test duration.

WCDMA Loop Test can be run only on


cells which are in ‘Operational’ state.

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WCDMA Loop Test: Test Summary

Total Number of Tests depends on the number of DSPs on the System Module and number of
antennas selected in the test setup.
Number of DSPs can be calculated based on HW configuration, that means based on System
Module type and if the Extension Module is used or not.
For example, HW configuration with Master System Module FSMB and Extension FSMD:
No_DSPs_FSMB = No_FSPs x No_DSPs_on_FSP = 3 x 3 = 9 DSPs
No_DSPs_FSMD = No_FSPs x No_DSPs_on_FSP = 2 x 6 = 12 DSPs
Total_No_DSPs = 21 DSPs
If the number of antenna connectors selected is 6,
Total_No_Tests = Total_No_DSPs x No_Antennas = 21 x 6 = 126 tests

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WCDMA Loop Test: Test Report

WCDMA Loop Tests are not executed on reserved DSPs.


DSPs can be reserved for Common Channels or for HSPA.
FSP1: DSP1 reserved for Common Channels
FSP3: DSP1 and DSP2 reserved for HSDPA

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WCDMA Loop Test: Test Report (cont.)

Number of “Not Executed” WCDMA Loop Tests


will change according to HSPA configuration.

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WCDMA Loop Test for BTS with HSDPA and HSUPA enabled.
Number of reserved DSPs will change with changed HSPA configuration.
FSP1: DSP1 reserved for Common Channels
FSP1: DSP2 reserved for HSPA
FSP3: DSP1 and DSP2 reserved for HSDPA

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WCDMA Loop Test: Cell State


WCDMA Loop Tests can be run in Online mode only on cell(s) which are in ‘Operational’ state.

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Commissioning Report

Commissioning Report contains configuration,


site test results and inventory of the site.

Click Finish to complete the


commissioning procedure.

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Get Alarm Details in BTS Site Manager

1. Highlight alarm in Alarm View


2. Click on Online Help button (?)
2

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SW Upgrade

If ‘Activate SW After Update’ is selected,


or then after a new SW is transferred the BTS
will reset.

Alarm is raised if one or more modules are not running on appropriate SW level.

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SW Upgrade (cont.)

BTS SW-Load either as zip-File or


as unzipped TargetBD-File can be
selected to start SW update.

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TMA Support

Supported MHA/TMA types

FRGJ – Dual Radio Module with Siemens TMA support


FRGK – Single Radio Module with Siemens TMA support
FRGF – Triple Radio Module with Siemens TMA support

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TMA Support (cont.)

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TMA Support (cont.)

Gain of Siemens TMA is 24dB.


Product Code is set automatically
after TMA is selected from the list. Not relevant for Siemens TMAs.

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AISG 1.1 TMARET Support

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AISG 1.1 TMARET Support (cont.)

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AISG 1.1 TMARET Support (cont.)

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AISG 1.1 TMARET Support (cont.)

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Backup Commissioning File

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Save Snapshot File

or

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