MANAGEMENT

SCIENCE

Dr. ANR
 UNIT- I
Introduction to Management
 INDEX
UNIT 1 PPT SLIDES

S.NO. TOPIC LECTURE NO.

1) Introduction to Management L1
2) Concepts of Management of Organization L2
3) Importance L3
4) Taylor’s Scientific L4
5) Functions of Management L5
6) Fayol’s Principle of Management L6
7) Mayo’s Hawthorne Experiments L7
8) Maslow’s theory of Human Needs L8
 DEFINITION
• Henri Fayol(1916):To manage is to forecast
and plan ,to organize, to command, to
coordinate and control

• Peter. F. Drucker(1955):Management is
concerned with the systematic organization
of economic Resources and its task is to
make these resources productive.
 Nature and Features
1. Management is a social process

2. It also denotes a ‘a body of people’ involved in

decision making

3. It is inexact science

4. It is an art and also science

5. It is profession

6. It is inter-disciplinary

7. It is complex
 IMPORTANCE
• It facilitates the achievements of goals
through limited resources
• It ensures smooth sailing in case of
difficulties
• It ensures continuing in the organization
• It ensures economy and efficiency
• It focus on group efforts
• It is the key to the economic growth
Taylor’s Scientific Management Theory

• F.W.Taylor –Father of Scientific

Management

• Taylor demonstrated the benefits of

increased productivity and earnings
through an experiment at “Bethlehem
Steel Works”.
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

• According to Luther Gullick

P------Planning
O------Organizing
S------Staffing
D------Directing
Co-----Coordinating
R-------Reporting
B-------Budgetting
Fayol’s Principle of Management

• Henri Fayol contributed 14 principles to

management
1. Division of Work
2. Authority
3. Discipline
4. Unity of command
5. Unity of direction
6. Subordination of individual interest to group
interest
Fayol’s Principle of Management

7.Remuneration
8.Centralization of authority
9.Scalar chain
10.Order
11.Equity
12.Stability of tenure of personnel
13.Initiative
14.Espirit de corps (Team work)
Mayo’s Hawthorne Experiments

• Mayo known for his famous experiment at

Hawthorne plant of the western electric
company, Chicago, USA, for evaluating the
attitudes and Psychological reaction of
workers on the job situations.
Maslow’s theory of Human Needs

• According to him humans have 5 needs

1. Physiological needs
2. Safety needs
3. Affiliation, Love or belonging
4. Esteem needs
5. Self-actualisation needs
Maslow’s theory of Human Needs
Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y

Theory X: Assumptions
1. Employees are lazy
2. They require constant guidance and support
3. Some times they require even coersion and
control
4. Given an opportunity they would like to avoid
responsibility
5. They do not show any ambition but always
seak security
 Theory Y
Assumptions:
1. Some employees consider work as natural as play as
rest
2. These employees are capable of directing and
controlling performance on their own. They are much
committed to objectives of the organization.
3. Higher rewards make these employees more
committed to organization.
4. Most of them are highly imaginative, creative, and
display ingenuity in handling organizational issues.
5. Give an opportunity , they not only accept
responsibility but also look for opportunities to out
perform others.
 Any
Questions?