Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. When the ship docked at Hamburg, they found a ____________in the hold.
A. gate-crasher B. stowaway C. interloper D. trespasser
2. Although Vicky looked pretty much the same after all those years, I noticed ___________
changes which made her look even more beautiful than I remembered.
A. subtle B. sensitive C. fair D. joint
3. Several of the advertising hoardings had been _______ by anti-exist slogans.
A. deleted B. mutilated C. erased D. defaced
4. The smoke _____ from the burning tyres could be seen for miles.
A. bulging B. radiating C. billowing D. sweeping
5. The cat slept peacefully ______________ in the long grass.
A. nestled B. huddled C. snuggled D. cuddled
6. It was decided that the cost of the project would be _____ and so it was abandoned.
A. repressive B. prohibitive C. restrictive D. exclusive
7. Pulling the contract out of the envelope, she ripped it to ________
A. smithereens B. tiny pieces C. shreds D. half
8. Employees of the company are forbidden to _____________ information about the secret
formula.
A. betray B. divulge C. portray D. unveil
9. The fire ____________ for days until the monsoon rains put it out.
A. ignited B. scorched C. flashed D. raged
10. My mother had to take private pupils in order to ___________ her salary as a teacher.
A. augment B. expand C. complete D. inflate
The first peoples to inhabit what today is the southeastern United States sustained
themselves as hunters and gathers. Sometimes early in the first millennium A.D., however,
they began to cultivate corn and other crops. Gradually, as they became more skilled at
Line gardening, they settled into permanent villages and developed a rich culture, characterized
(5) by the great earthen mounds they erected as monuments to their gods and as tombs for
their distinguished dead. Most of these early mound builders were part of the
Adena-Hopewell culture, which had its beginnings near the Ohio River and takes its name
from sites in Ohio. The culture spread southward into the present-day states of Louisiana,
Alabama, Georgia, and Florida. Its peoples became great traders, bartering jewellery,
(10) pottery, animal pelts, tools, and other goods along extensive trading networks that
stretched up and down eastern North America and as far west as the Rocky Mountains.
About A.D. 400, the Hopewell culture fell into decay. Over the next centuries, it was
supplanted by another culture, the Mississippian, named after the river along which many
of its earliest villages were located. This complex civilization dominated the Southeast
(15) from about A.D. 700 until shortly before the Europeans began arriving in the sixteenth
century. At the peak of its strength, about the year 1200, it was the most advanced culture
in North America. Like their Hopewell predecessors, the Mississippians became highly
skilled at growing food, although on a grander scale. They developed an improved strain of
corn, which could survive in wet soil and a relatively cool climate, and also learned to
(20) cultivate beans. Indeed, agriculture became so important to the Mississippians that it became
closely associated with the Sun – the guarantor of good crops. Many tribes called
themselves "children of the Sun" and believed their omnipotent priest-chiefs were
descendants of the great sun god.
Although most Mississippians lived in small villages, many others inhabited large
towns. Most of these towns boasted at least one major flat-topped mound on which stood a
temple that contained a sacred flame. Only priests and those charged with guarding the
flame could enter the temples. The mounds also served as ceremonial and trading sites,
and at times they were used as burial grounds.
42. Which of the following resulted from the rise of agriculture in the southeastern United States?
(A) The development of trade in North America
(B) The establishment of permanent settlements
(C) Conflicts with other Native American groups over land
(D) A migration of these peoples to the Rocky Mountains.
46. According to the passage, when did the Mississippian culture reach its highest point of
development?
(A) About A.D. 400 (B) Between A.D. 400 and A.D. 700
(C) About A.D. 1200 (D) In the sixteenth century
47. According to the passage, how did the agriculture of the Mississippians differ from that of
their Hopewell predecessors?
(A) The Mississippians produced more durable and larger crops of food.
(B) The Mississippians sold their food to other groups.
(C) The Mississippians could only grow plants in warm, dry climates.
(D) The Mississippians produced special foods for their religious leaders.
48. Why does the author mention that many Mississippians tribes called themselves "children of
the Sun" (line 22)?
(A) To explain why they were obedient to their priest-chiefs.
(B) To argue about the importance of religion in their culture.
(C) To illustrate the great importance they placed on agriculture.
(D) To provide an example of their religious rituals.
50. According to the passage, the flat-topped mounds in Mississippian towns were used for all of
the following purposes EXCEPT
(A) religious ceremonies (B) meeting places for the entire community
(C) sites for commerce (D) burial sites
51. Faced with the dominance of English, what does the writer think will happen to the
world’s other languages?
A. Many will exist alongside English. B. They will only be spoken at home.
C. Most of them will die out. D. They will consist mainly of English words.
52. According to the writer, one reason why some languages will become extinct is that …….
A. English has become the first language in some countries.
B. there are not enough language teachers.
C. they are not spoken all the time.
D. young people are not learning them.
56. The writer says that as a result of the Internet some languages might……..
A. be saved from extinction B. become more widespread
C. only be used in written form D. no longer be used on radio and television
57. According to the writer, what effect will the Internet have on English?
A. English on the Internet could soon be difficult to understand.
B. English will be quicker to read.
C. British English words will not be used on the Internet.
D. The appearance of English could change considerably on the Internet.
58. What does the writer mean when he says “the dynamics of a language come from the
bottom up rather than the top down” (in next-to –the last paragraph)?
A. The least frequent words of a language are the first to change.
B. Changes in language are not determined by how powerful a country is.
C. People, not governments, determine what happens to a language.
D. Unwanted foreign words disappear naturally.
59. The phrase “wipe off” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. cancel B. remove C. delete D. clean
60. The word “uniformity” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. variety B. sameness C. uniqueness D. consistency
B. PHAN TU LUAN
1. OPEN CLOZE TEXT
OPEN CLOZE TEXT 1 (10 pts)
Fill each of the numbered blanks in the passage with one suitable word.
When you want to book a flight to a certain place, visit your (1)_________travel agent. Tell
the travel agent the date when you want to travel and the (2)__________ to which you want to
go. The travel agent will then type the (3)_________into a small computer. After checking
everything on the computer screen, he/she will send the information to a central computer. The
central computer contains all information about (4)___________ and destinations, and sends a
reply, (5)________ which are the most suitable flights. It also shows whether the flights are
(6)_________ booked or not. The information which is now shown on the small computer screen
is continually changing (7)________other bookings are made in other parts of the world.
The travel agent now types in your booking, then the computer will ask for your name and
address as well as for (8)_________other information. It will also ask how you will pay for your
ticket (by cheque or by credit card). Next the computer (9)_________the booking and makes a
request for payment. When you have paid for your ticket, the travel agent types the information
into the computer as well. Finally, some computers (10)______out a ticket before you leave the
travel agent’s.
Large animals that (11)____the desert have evolved a number of adaptations for
(12)________the effects of extreme heat. One adaptation is to be light in color, and to
(13)_______rather than absorb the Sun’s rays. Desert mammals also depart from the normal
mammalian practice of maintaining a (14)_______ body temperature. Instead of trying to keep
down the body temperature deep (15)______the body, which would involve the expenditure of
water and energy, desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to (16)________ would
normally be fever height, and temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius have been measured in
Grant’s gazelles. The (17)_________body then cools down during the cold desert night, and
indeed the temperature may fall unusually (18)______by dawn, as low as 34 degrees Celsius in
the camel. This is an advantage since the heat of the first few hours of daylight is absorbed in
warming up the body, and an excessive (19)_______of heat does not begin until well (20)______
the day.
2. Supply each gap with the correct form of the word given in the box (10 pts)
In 1997 I went back to Beijing for the first time since the (0)…disastrous….events of 1989
The Chinese (11)…….had been reluctant to re-admit foreign journalists who had
witnessed the Tiananmen Square student protests. Every eight years later ,it was still
(12) …….to get into the Square with a television camera, but we managed it. I looked for
the bullet holes on the steps of the central monument, but they had all been expertly
filled in; a faint discoloration perhaps, but almost (13) …….. The most critical moment
in Chinese history after Mao Zedong's death seemed to have been entirely forgotten
My time in China had given me an (14) …….interest in Chinese art, so I decided to go
to Liu Li Chang, where for centuries there has been an antiquities market. Unfortunately,
many things for sale there nowadays are modern (15) …….. Empty-handed and
somewhat (16) ……., I went into a tea house and sat through the usual ceremony, but
there were (17) …….differences here too: it seemed quicker and the tea lacked that
extraordinary lingering scent. Thoroughly (18) ……., I returned to my hotel: one of the
enormous, (19) …….places which have sprung up everywhere. Yet here, in a dark shop
tucked away off the lobby, my melancholy mood disappeared, for I met a (20) …….
from 1989, who remembered me instantly. Not everything had been entirely forgotten
1. authorities 6. disillusioned
2. problematic 7. identifiable
3. imperceptible 8. dishearted/downhearted
4. enduring 9.faceless
5. imitations 10. survivor
Human memory, formally believed to rather inefficient, is now really more sophisticated
than that of a computer. Researchers approaches the problem from a variety of points of view
have all concluded that there is a great deal more stores in our minds than has been
generally supposed. Dr Wilder, a Canadian neurosurgeon, proved that on stimulating their
brains electric, he could elicit the total recall of specific events in the subjects’ lives. Even
dreams and other minor events supposed forgotten for many years suddenly emerged in detail.
Although the physical basis for memory is not still understood, one theory is that the
fantastic capacity for storage in the brain is the result of an almost limited combination of
interconnections between brain cells, stimulated by patterns of activity. Repeated references to
the same information supports recall. Or, to say that another way, improved performance is the
result of strengthening the chemical bonds in the memory.
Mistake Correction
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
KEY
Mistake Correction
1. formally formerly
2. approaches approaching
3. stores stored
4. on by
5. electric electrically
6. supposed supposedly
7. still yet
8. limited unlimitted
9. pattern patterns
10. strength strengthening
IV. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts)
Rewrite the sentences with the given words or beginning in such a way that their meanings
remain unchanged.
1. It was the goalkeeper that saved the match for us.
→Had ________________________________________________________________________
2. Most people seem to think that I will be next to be promoted. LINE
Most people seem to think that I ________________________________________ a promotion.
3. In the area, Thailand is much better than all other countries in football. (SHOULDERS)
→In the area, Thailand___________________________________________________________
4. The children are in disgrace for being so badly behaved.
→The children _________________________________________________________________
5. We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful.
→Much_______________________________________________________________________
6. I left without saying goodbye as I didn’t want to disturb the meeting.
→Rather ______________________________________________________________________
7. Driving at that speed is dangerous whether you are an experienced driver or not.
→However ____________________________________________________________________
8.My protests were ignored by everybody.
→Nobody ____________________________________________________________________
9. We’ve agreed to share the cost. AGREEMENT
→___________________________________________________________________________
10. What has this experience taught you. DRAWN
→___________________________________________________________________________
KEY
1. it not been for the goalkeeper, we would have lost the match.
2. am next in the line for
3. is head and shoulders above all other countries in football.
4. are under a cloud because of their bad behaviour\
5. to our regret we must inform …
6. than disturbing the meeting, I left without saying goodbye.
7. experienced a driver you are, driving at that speed is dangerous.
8. took any notice of my protests.
9. We’ve come to an agreement to share the cost.
10. What conclusions have you drawn from this experience?