Present Past
Sub + verb(inf) Sub + Verb (past simple)
+ s/es/ies
 I work.
 I do not work.
 Do I work?
Simple
every day, sometimes,
always, often, usually,
seldom, never, first - then…
Sub + to be + verb (inf)
+ ing
Continues
 I am working.
 I am not working.
 Am I working?
Now, at the moment,
Look!, Listen!
Sub + have + past participle
+ed (reg. verbs)
 I have worked.
 I have not worked.
Perfect
 Have I worked?
Just, yet, Never, ever,
Already, so far, up to now,
Since, for, recently
Sub + have + been + verb
(gerund)
+ ing
Perfect Continues
 I have been working.
 I have not been
working.
 Have I been working?
all day, the whole day, how
long, since, for
Future
Sub + will + verb (inf)
+ed (reg. verbs)  I will work.
 I will not work.
 I worked.  Will I work?
 I did not work.
 Did I work? Sub + to be + going to +
verb (inf)
 I am going to work.
 I am not going to
work.
 Am I going to work?
last ..., ... ago, in 1990,
yesterday
Sub + was/were + verb Sub + will + be + verb
(gerund) (gerund)
+ ing + ing
 I was working  I will be working.
 I was not working.  I will not be working.
 Was I working?  Will I be working?
while
Sub + had + past participle Sub + will + have + past
+ed (reg. verbs) participle
+ed (reg. verbs)
 I had worked.
 I had not worked.  I will have worked.
 Had I worked?  I will not have
worked.
 Will I have worked?
Already, just, never
Sub + had + been + verb Sub + will + have + been +
(gerund) verb (inf)
+ ing + ing
 I had been working.  I will have been
 I had not been working.
working.  I will not have been
 Had I been working.
working?  Will I have been
working?
how long, since, for
 Conditional
Structure Or other Example
Condition Result verbs
sentence Sentence
Zero If + Sub + Sub + present  If the water reaches 100ºC, it
present simple, simple boils.
or
When + Sub +
present simple,
First If + Sub + Sub + future going to  If the weather is nice, we will go
present simple, simple or on a picnic.
Modal  If I do not work, I am going to
verbs: visit my parents.
Can,  If it finishes early, we can go for
Might, a drink.
Should,  If I have time, I might wash my
Must car.
 If they invite you, you should go.
 If you have any problems, you
must call me.
Second If + Sub + past Sub + would +  If she were a good friend, she
simple, Verb ( inf. would help you.
without to)
Third If + past perfect, Sub + would + Modal  If I had remembered, I would
have + past verbs: have bought you a present.
participle Could  If I had saved money, I could
Might have gone on holiday.
 If we had had time, we might
have gone to the beach.
Mixed If + Sub + past Sub + would + Modal  If I had seen the film, I would tell
(2nd+ 3rd) perfect, verb (inf) verbs: you.
or or could,  If I had finished earlier, I could
If + Sub + past Sub + would + might: be there now.
simple, have +  If you had gone to the doctor,
participio you might feel better now.
Simple Sub + would + Verb (Inf)  I would work.
 I wouldn't work.
 Would I work?
Continues Sub + would + be + verb (gerund)  I would be working.
+ ing  I would not be working.
 Would I be working?
Perfect Sub + would + have + past  I would have worked.
participle  I would not have worked.
 Would I have worked?
Perfect Sub + would + have + been +  I would have been working.
Continues verb (gerund)  I would not have been working.
 Would I have been working?