Name: Anddy Merejildo

Course: 4-4

Date: 29-06-2022

CLIL- Science - Reading Comprehension

1. Read the first part of the passage and look at the food
pyramid. For each type of food write the matching number of
food group.
A. apple _5_ C. spaghetti _6_ E. yoghurt _2_
B. tomato _4_ D. chicken _3_ F. chocolate cake _1_

For a healthy diet you must eat the right type of food in the right quantities. Each food group
contains specific nutrients: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, water, minerals and vitamins. We
need to eat a lot of the food at the bottom of the pyramid but just a little of the food at the
top of the pyramid.

1. Fats, oils and

sweet group

2. Milk and 3. Meat, eggs

cheese group and fish group

5. Fruit group
4. Vegetables group

6. Bread, cereal, rice

and pasta group

7. Water
The essential nutrients
Nutrients are the components of food that are essential to the body’s functions. They give you
energy and they help your body grow. The essential nutrients are carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, water, minerals and vitamins.
 Carbohydrates contain single or multiple sugars. Your body uses carbohydrates to give you
energy
 Lipids are energy reserves. They give your body a lot of calories with little nutritional value.
 Proteins help to build and repair your cells and muscles. We usually get proteins from
meat, eggs and fish.
 Water represents about 60% of your body’s weight. It helps maintain your body
temperature and carries nutrients to your cells.
 We get minerals and vitamins from red meat, milk, cheese, eggs, cereals and green
vegetables and fruit. Minerals and vitamins help your body to function properly and to
stay strong and healthy.

2. Read the second part of the passage and answer the questions
1. What are the essential nutrients?
The six essential nutrients are vitamins, minerals, protein, fats, water, and carbohydrates.
2. What do carbohydrates contain?
They are called carbohydrates because, at the chemical level, they contain carbon, hydrogen and
oxygen.
3. Which nutrient gives us lots of calories?
Fat has more than twice as many calories per gram as carbohydrates and proteins. A gram of fat
has about 9 calories, while a gram of carbohydrate or protein has about 4 calories.
4. In which food items do we find proteins?
fish and seafood – fish, prawns, crab, lobster, mussels, oysters, scallops, clams.
5. What are the functions of water in your body?
Moistens tissues in the eyes, nose and mouth. Protects body organs and tissues. Carries nutrients
and oxygen to cells.
6. How do minerals and vitamins help your body?
Vitamin and minerals are essential for bodily functions such as helping to fight infection, aid wound
healing, make our bones strong and regulate hormones. Vitamins and minerals can cause toxicity
if consumed in large amounts.
7. Where can you get the different nutrients from?
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, Dietary fibre.
8. Write a short passage about your typical diet with reference to the food pyramid
Balanced diet is a key to stay healthy. Follow the "Healthy Eating Food Pyramid" guide as you pick
your food. Grains should be taken as the major dietary source.