a Unit -T¥ Subsonic Wing Theory: _> Streamline on top swyace eos J : — wing tp C " Trai k= Wrng 6 antl Streamline on bottonn Ausifoce ere a vege - ) gh hes ong P. i eS due to downwash Ts catled Induced drag.tan &j = De 7 | D | oe : ay enki | of 7 (Caso?) Br ¥ o> Small . Sas =, Ph = BE shrtey. Dy = Le sfnaz, 000m “The al ofl oh the wing when subjected Same t : 4o an dlyesomt eagle attack {3 couled Os Ajoomet ric Awist- Aevodynamie twist: dijevert “L=0- Stalling « i the Jigt acting pasallel and is same dfrection % welgnt when Angle Lf abtoce Ie kept move = than dhe reqpulred angle 's called Asta.tting . Ey ane Hp havig greater Xap < root (wash out) dlrot 4 Xtip [was in)—s synmmberical oSrfor | \ a : Xo Xs Xs Kx 1 Cas ax foe ot) Aaa . ax i dank Y SS , Angle made by chord Line to the hovtrental ving $s called angle & fnefdence . | | cL. |i | J dw | dw-_r dix | yan ry} | : ker dp =AE y dler kn (vr)For infinite vortex filament | | From Biot - Govastt’s Law: aye Te | diag Sr) Vv = fav UG) (49) gn 8 = in { (dL) It efno a lee From "yy. | Sine = hpy | r= b/eine- | ano = hyt. | = btane Stn*6 | dd = h__ de. Sub fn.eam ine de hah 7 0 : rad fin do- -r © ‘Uh [ewe]. te : zh Dery Veet aXh. : Gomi Ineintte vortex filament : a5 3) = 8 -0 0 Srptntte Semi - dngptaite eee Vortexee Helm- Hott “Theorem - ° W The Atyeng ° along He engl filament fs constant Cae Vorter lament cannot be end in Auld Hise. JE most be extonted ty the boundasay 6} the fluid (-00 - +0) Or hi must be trom the closed poet, pot Clawical Prandl's Jifting dine Theory : ah x Free Trailing Vortex aeThe wil ‘xed pane fe replaced by the vortex Aheet . The availing vortex goes inginttety * Vortex cannot be end at the fluid Heel, Tt fs extended qrom_ + tp -o % Bound, Vortex + no circulation Ts found ae Prot Prailing vortex —» circulation fe qound With same Strength and act fn epposite Afrection * The wing Which has | bound vortex and 8 pa Jral ling vortex fs catled horse Ahoe vortex.mh FT 4" ‘ x \ Ihe-T |e —++ FTV2 -F - —_____ ->06 my GW wty) = -r_ (_t — +—) ) 4 = ( (Par) — (b-¥) = aa bye bate). lay 7 aoa “Wy 8. “The velocity “component at tho ip (| athe wing which fe induced fe said Jo be inginite but ft fe not Practically powible # But FH con yeach a maximum value:Crreulection dor elemental Aength of ‘dy’ @ a 1 distance of ‘Y= (& 44 a] Elemental velectty component fnduced by | elemental vortex of Length doe’ | ; | dus yo) = —(°7edy)ay ao) | WR (Yo-Y) Tota! Velocity component @' ye ei | dur ao trailing Vorrte Vortices ' bre, : aay) a ae | (2/ay) ey ay 6,ae ary Cy are. Le Ae fd = ac Se [eet os oJ ®. Li = PoVo Ty) = Ya foVe S¥*C. Ty) > eS 5 @ 2 G = ATW) ie Vo % 5 from yu @. Cys an [ erp ~ my =o] Ley — ot =o = — 7 op = Cr 40, 0. x | ~ Aly) 4 ot =0. —-® VX SX 20 : = FY OXerp ae + %& -0. Vea S OL = Ooxs + OFee eerere by - ayy, 4 ' Ay) A X= Ty) 4 of, -0 Me [if W) vo “Vo S el Woy } ~ bp 4 Snitegral ~ Difforenifal equ. The eqyu © qives ane value of Try. fe th From the equation we can get He vowtues of O 1 = fo Vo Nye bp, @ Toto Hye = Pitdy + ie bo FLL foo Tlie) dy . “OY, 6 c.f Yo x & pe Yo FeNw* X8 by. coed = AX LV Tye PaVan? x S [Bit aly ~b, 1Veo"S aSin oF = Di ui Dy = Lt Sin vty KF > Small » SIN XP x O Mp - | Cpe = C ‘ 2 Se) bj Cp; = 1201 Ves | Tye) dy. Applicat fon - [| Elliptical -Ligt | dietrTbutfon ; ~ ( 84)” r=! ( b) To cormtant ot origin T(y) > civcwlotion distribution along the Span ¥ ellfptical wing Yo Spone wise co - ovdinates. by —> Semft- Span wingoy = aac) ~8 WC Yo). = at feta ay aa, ~ bo leh ay RU) (Me) (88) bie ; i : ow gp ECE ON a 3 at d ye Pe Coe 5 dy =~ byg Sinodo Yo= ~y C8,— x2 éinede ° =~ 7 4 (F/2) cose bP Sin® x bye (C68 85 - Cese) mays) - [I #[ Jeo) _ = (8in76)'2 we = én 0 t3(o)= =f cos de AMb J Cos Op - Cos0 x x wt.) = |S ei oe COS O- Cos By ° x aye “7 - +h (Oo) a —@ Sub @ in og - ~ Ur (8) Veo - = te + +@, abVa = Pa Vo Toye) bya L: ak Try) dy . ~ b/g D ee. {* (at sup)” | (¥) sino de xay 0 = - hve ls Xe? [i sinto do a x x = foVw Tob 1—Ces fe ence _[ L2Cs2O a fi Ee do: Le foVo ly bX 4 L = Pays Vive) © Yp MoE ® XC, age ¥ , ¥ x c= aX 8live $ e Ae oe ae Y Y S Vo. i sa Po No b® | = hx Yo Po Vo %S*C1 | eee | Po Vian 0%_|— Aspect. vatio (A)= 0" oy = CL | wA | fe | M | Dp LX Coy = X7 CH. Cor = ion er IFAo Ce Ce = 7A