Installation Guide for Fire Prevention & Fire Fighting System

(ACTIVE)

Fire Control & Extinguishing System

Fire Extinguisher

Fire extinguisher installers can install metal and glass cabinets either on or in the wall specifically
designed to house fire extinguishers properly.

▪ The glass front is designed to be broken if there is a fire and remains tamper-proof at all other
times. Another option is a set of metal mounting brackets. The pressurized canister rests securely in
these until it is needed in an emergency situation.

▪ Proper fire extinguisher installation at a commercial, medical, multi-unit residential, or industrial

building or complex requires two main characteristics. First, the appropriate type of extinguishers
with contents that handle the right type of burning materials must be on hand.

▪ Secondly, the professional fire extinguisher installers must choose the right brackets or cabinets to
hold the extinguisher at the ready in case of emergency.
Fire Hose Reels

Fire hose reels are not easy to install and it is highly recommend that you use a licensed plumber.
Installation must be carried out in accordance with AS2441:2005. These are its installation guide :

▪ Hose reels should only be connected to a dedicated fire line, not the water mains.

▪ Should be a minimum of 100mm clearance around all points of hose drum.

▪ Valve height should be between 900mm & 1100mm from floor level.

▪ Valve must incorporate an interlock for nozzle.

▪ Centre of hub should be between 1400mm & 2400mm from floor level.

▪ Flow rate should be a minimum of:

1. 19.8 litres per minute for 19mm hoses.

2. 24.6 litres per minute for 25mm hoses.

▪ The type of wall the fire hose reel is being mounted to, and which fixings are best suited

to mount the hose to that wall (Consideration must be given to the weight of the unit).

▪ Correct signage according to AS2444.

▪ How much traffic the hose reel will be exposed to (low traffic areas are ideal as it helps

prevent damage and misuse of the hose reel). Most damage to a fire hose reel occurs to

the standpipe, this should be considered if machinery is being used in the area.
Wet Riser System

Installation Guide :

• A Wet Riser System is installed with a Landing Valve at pre-specified locations on each

floor

• Typically, a Wet Riser is installed up to and over 50m. The system will be designed to

provide high pressure flow at the upper floors.

• A test riser is installed in parallel to the wet riser to allow the evacuation of water from

the Wet Riser for flow test purposes.

• PRVs are installed at every floor to ensure the required optimum pressure is delivered in

the event of an emergency

Fire Rated Door

Fire Rated Door

Installation and requirement for fire rated door in a building :

1. Install door into opening

2. Fit the door intro places with shims.

3. First fix upper screw on hinge jamb and make sure it is straight. Then fix lower hinge

screw. Then upper screw on latch jamb. Check frame level

4. Fit door leaf on hinges

5. Recheck levels and door clearance

6. Secure lower screw on latch side. Then secure header.

7. Fix remaining screws.

8. Insulate frame gap on all sides, remove shims. Then measure, cut and fix trims.

9. Clean door and work area

Fire Escape Staircase

▪ The width of fire escape staircase shall not be less than 0.75metre, the width offire escape

stair tread shall not be less than 15 cm, the height of the fire escape stair riser shall not

exceed 19 cm, and the number of risers shall not exceed 16 per flight of stairs.

▪ The height of haindrail shall not be less than 1 metre

▪ Fire escape stairs shall be constructed only in the exterior of the building and shall be

connected directly to the ground and Fire escape stairs shall have a straight flight

▪ Entrance to fire escape staircase shall be separated and remote from internal staircase

▪ The use of spiral staircase shall be limited to low occupant load and building up to 9

metres in height unless they are connected to platforms such as balconies and terraces

to allow easy exit

▪ A spiral staircase shall not less than 1.50 metres in diameter and shall be designed to give

adequate headroom
Fire Fighter’s Lift

• Minimum interior lift car dimension is 1100mm wide x 1400 mm deep.

• Minimum clear opening entrance width is 800mm

• If lift is used for evacuation, and the use of stretcher or bed, interior dimension are

1100mm wide x 2100mm deep.

• Must have additional ladders to help escape the lift car.

Figure 38 : Fire Fighter's Lift Guide

64

• Additional lift control system features are required.

• Install ramp in front if the lift entrance.

• Must be built on buildings higher than 18m.

• Every two or three passenger lifts, there should be one fire lifts
Fire Evacuation Route

1. Firstly, create a written plan such as:

a. Techniques to notify mall patrons and fire department.

b. Evacuations routes and life safety strategies to evacuate occupants who need assistance.

c. Methods to maintain and control fire hazards.

2. Then, map out an evacuation diagram. Need to map out the following locations:

a. All exits, exit stairs, and exit corridors.

b. Primary evacuation routes.

c. Secondary evacuation routes.

d. Exterior gathering sites.

e. Manual fire alarm pull stations.

f. Portable fire extinguisher.

3. Next, map out a site plan refers to property surrounding the mall. Including:

a. A simplified floor plan of the mall showing all exits and the exterior gathering site for
assisted rescue.

b. Fire hydrants locations

c. Traffic routes for fire department vehicles

4. Get help creating evacuation plans for shopping malls.

a. Submit fire safety and evacuation plan to local Fire Marshal for review and approval.
How a wet sprinkler system works :

1. As the fire progress through the combustion process, heat rises in the smoke plume and gathers
at the celling around the sprinkler heads, which are sealed by a glass bulb or solder link.

2. When the sprinkler head reaches a pre-defined temperature (often around 68°C) the seal breaks,
allowing the water to fall onto the disperser below, breaking the water into smaller, more controller
droplets.

3. The change in the water pressure activates the flow switch, which in turn sends a message back to
the pump. The pump then starts, forcing water through the pipework to and maintain a high flow of
water through the heads

Smoke Detector

1. Smoke will detect smoke by light source that passes through chamber

2. The presence of smoke will cause the light beam to hit the photo cell , triggering the

alarm.
refrence :

 http://www.firehydrant.org/info/hycolor.html
 https://www.cbc.ca/kidscbc2/the-feed/did-you-know-not-all-fire-hydrants-are-red
 https://youtu.be/B6Keq9FKBb4
 https://www.slideshare.net/ankurkaplesh/fire-hydrant-systems-supplier
 https://www.blazequel.com/pdf/Blazequel%20Catalogue%20%20Automatic%20Fire
%20Fighting,%20Risers%20and%20Hydrants.pdf
 https://ffcdi.com/automatic-fire-sprinkler-systems/