Professional Documents
Culture Documents
I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Q: What are the constitutional provisions relevant to public schools in
basic education?
The following are the constitutional provisions relevant to public schools in basic
education:
1. “The state shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all
levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all.”
A: No, because such refusal will violate the right of the pupil/student to have quality
education as provided in Sec. 1 Art. XIV of the 1987 Constitution and because it will
violate his/her constitutional right to be accorded equal protection of the laws
guaranteed under Sec. 1 Art. III of the 1987 Constitution to all Filipino citizens.
A: No, because such refusal will violate the constitutional right of the child to have
quality education.
A. No, because Sec 2 (2) Art. XIV of the 1987 Constitution mandates that the State shall
establish, maintain and support a complete adequate and integrated educational system
relevant to the needs of the people and society and because Sec. 1 Art. XIV of the
Constitution provides that the State shall protect and promote the right of all Filipino
Citizens to quality education at all levels.
A. No. The Order is not valid for being contrary to Sec. 2 (3) Art. XIV of the 1987
Constitution which provides for a free public elementary and secondary education and
for being in violation of DepEd Order No. 65 S 2010 which provides that for grade and
year levels beyond grade 4, no collection of any type should be undertaken during the
enrollment period and the first month of classes and that starting on the second month
of every school year, contributions may be collected but on a voluntary basis.
A: Yes, to provide all Filipinos the chance to have access to basic education.
A: Learning may be provided thru the use of modules or by mobile teachers using books
and instructional materials.
6.1 Q: Shall all public and private schools include the study of the
Constitution as part of the curricula?
Yes, because Sec. 3 (1) Art. XIV of the 1987 Constitution mandates that all educational
institutions shall include the study of the constitution as part of their curricula.
A: No, for it is in violation of Sec. 4 (2)Art. XIV of the 1987 Constitution which vests upon
citizens of the Philippines the control and administration of educational institutions.
A: The Department shall take into account regional and sectoral needs and shall
encourage local planning in the development of educational policies and programs.
A: The Supreme Court of the United States said that academic freedom means a
university can “determine for itself on academic grounds:
Who may teach
What may be taught
How it should be taught
Who may be admitted to study”
14.1 How will the state insure that teaching will attract and retain its
rightful share of the best available talents?
A: Through adequate remuneration and other means of job satisfaction and fulfillment.
A: “Basic Education shall have five (5) main programs, namely: pre-school, elementary,
secondary, special needs and alternative learning systems.”
A: “To ensure proper implementation of the Education For All (EFA) policy of the
government, alternative learning systems shall provide for the basic learning needs of
out-of-school children, youth and adults, 15 years old and above.”
A: “The Administration of the educational system and the reasonable supervision and
regulation of all educational institutions in basic education are vested in the Department
without prejudice, however, to the charter of any state university or college.
The second level or Secondary Education is concerned primarily with continuing basic
education of the elementary level and expanding it to include the learning of employable
gainful skills, usually corresponding to four years of high school.”
A: “The curricular programs shall be suggestive patterns and models for the guidance of
field officials and teachers. These may be enriched or modified to suit he needs of the
learners and the conditions in the school and community, provided however, that any
radical departure from the specific subjects and curricula shall have the approval of
Secretary of Education.”
A: “The development and organization of the curricular programs must focus on the
learner’s total development. The curricula shall be based on the fundamental aims of
education set forth in Art. XIV Sec. 2 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution, B.P. Blg. 232
also known as the Education Act of 1982, and other statutes.”
A: ‘It refers to the educational program/s preparatory to Grade I to develop the child in
all aspects physical, social, emotional, moral and cognitive, so that s/he may be better
prepared to tackle formal school works and cope with the demands of complex life”
A: The Early Childhood Education (ECE) Learning Areas include activities that develop
in each child communication skills in English and Filipino, numeracy skills, sensory
perceptual skills, socio emotional skills, motor and creative skills.”
To provide knowledge and develop the skills, attitudes and values essential to
personal development and necessary for living in, and contributing to, a
developing and changing social milieu;
To provide learning experiences which shall increase the learner’s awareness of,
and responsiveness to, the changes and demands of society and prepare him/her
for constructive and effective involvement;
To promote and intensify the learner’s knowledge of identification with, and love
for the nation and the people to which he/she belongs; and
To promote experiences which develop the learner’s orientation to the world of
work and creativity and prepare himself/herself to engage in honest and gainful
work.”
A: Special Needs Education refers to the education of persons who are gifted or
talented as well as those who have physical, mental, social or sensory impairment.
Such group may require modifications of the school curricula, programs and special
services and physical facilities to help them develop to their maximum capacity.
A: “Special Education (SPED) shall aim to develop the maximum potential of the child
with special needs to enable him to become self-reliant and gears towards providing
him with the opportunities for a full and happy life.”
A: “The ultimate goal of special education shall be the integration of learners with
special needs into the regular school system and eventually in the community.”
A: The curriculum for Special Needs Education shall be based on the curriculum
prescribed for the regular schools by the Department and designed to respond to the
special needs of the following learners.
Q: What are the schemes or options that may be adopted for Special
Needs Education Program?
A: The following schemes or options may be adopted for Special Needs Education
program:
Modified curriculum shall be prescribed for regular children with certain adaptations to
meet the needs of special children.
Special curriculum shall be prescribed for children with special needs aimed primarily at
developing adaptive skills to maximize their potentials.
Q: What are the prototypes of special programs and provisions for the
gifted and talented which shall be developed and maintained?
A: Special programs and provisions for the gifted and talented which shall be developed
and maintained may take the following prototypes:
Acceleration shall refer to any administrative practice designed to move gifted learners
through school more rapidly than usual. Administrative practices under acceleration
shall include early admission, grade skipping, advanced placement, telescoping of
grade levels and credits by examination.
Ability grouping shall refer to any classification of children for instructional purposes in
terms of capacity for learning and demonstrated achievement. The types of ability
grouping shall be:
A: The curricular offerings of the different types of secondary schools are as follows:
A: It is hereby declared the policy of the State to protect and promote the right of all
citizens to quality basic education and to make such education accessible to all by
providing all Filipino children a free and compulsory education in the elementary level
and free education in the high school level. Such education shall also include alternative
learning systems for out-of-school youth and adult learners.
A: It shall be the goal of basic education to provide them with the skills, knowledge and
values they need to become caring, self-reliant, productive and patriotic citizens.
A: The school shall be the heart of the formal education system. It is where children
learn. Schools shall have a single aim of providing the best possible basic education for
all learners.
A: It is at the regions, divisions, schools, and learning centers referred to as the field
offices where the policy and principle for the governance of basic education be
translated into programs, projects and services developed, adapted and offered to fit
local needs.
A: The State shall encourage local initiatives for improving the quality of basic
education.
A: Shared governance is a principle which recognizes the every unit in the education
Bureaucracy has a particular role, task and responsibilities inherent in the office and for
which it is principally accountable for outcomes.
A: Feedback mechanism.
13.2 Q: What are the major services of the DepEd Central Office and
their respective functions?
A: The major services of DepEd Central Office and their respective functions are the
following:
1. Administrative
Budget Division
Payroll Services Division
Systems Division
Management Division
Cash Division
Personnel Division
– Project
– Employees Welfare and Benefits Division
– Staff Development Division
– Special Programs
– Programs
4. Planning
5. Technical Service
6. Legal
13.4 Q: What are the Bureaus of the Department and their respective
functions?
A: The Centers of the Department each headed by a Director comprise of the following
with their respective functions:
A: DepEd Field Offices consist of Regional Offices, Division Offices and Public School
and Learning Centers.
14.1 Q: What shall the Secretary exercise over the operation of the
Department?
A: In addition to his/her powers under existing laws, the Secretary of Education shall
have authority, accountability and responsibility for the following:
1. Formulating national educational policies;
2. Formulating a national basic education plan;
3. Promulgating national educational Standards
4. Monitoring & Assessing national learning outcomes;
5. Undertaking national educational research and studies;
6. Enhancing the employment status, professional competence, welfare and working
conditions of all personnel of the Department; and
7. Enhancing the total development of learners through local and national programs
and/or projects.
A: The Secretary of Education shall be assisted by not more than four (4)
undersecretaries and not more than four (4) assistant secretaries whose assignments
duties and responsibilities shall be governed by law.
A: No. Because Sec. 7A of RA9155 expressly provides that the powers enumerated
therein are only in addition to his/her powers under existing laws.
A: No. Because “there shall be as many regional offices maybe provided by law.”
A: By Law.
1. Calamba City
2. Cavite City
3. Cavite
4. Laguna
5. Lucena City
6. Lipa City
7. Quezon
8. Antipolo City
9. Sta. Rosa City
10. Rizal
11. Batangas Province
12. Batangas City
13. Tanauan City
14. San Pablo City
A: Consistent with the national educational policies, plans and standards, the regional
director shall have authority, accountability and responsibility for the following:
1. Defining a regional educational policy framework which reflects the values, needs
and expectations of the communities they serve.
2. Developing a regional basic education plan;
3. Developing regional educational standards with a view towards bench-marking for
international competitiveness
4. Monitoring, evaluating and assessing regional learning outcomes.
5. Undertaking research projects and developing and managing region wide
projects which may be funded through official development assistance and/or
other finding agencies.
6. Ensuring strict compliance with prescribed national criteria for the recruitment.
9. Hiring, placing and evaluating all employees in the regional office, except for the
position of assistant director.
11. Planning and managing the effective and efficient use of all personnel, physical
and fiscal resources of the regional office, including professional staff
development.
12. Managing the database and management information system of the region.
13. Approving the establishment of public and private elementary and high schools
and learning centers
A: By hiring, placing and evaluating all employees in the regional office except for the
position of assistant director.
Q: Does the regional director have the authority to hire a public school
teacher in his region? Why or why not?
A: No. Because the power to hire, place and evaluate all employees in the division both
teaching and non teaching personnel except for the assistant division superintendent is
expressly vested upon the schools division superintendent.
Q: Who is the one vested by law with the power to approve the
establishment of public and private elementary and high schools and
learning centers?
A: A division shall consist of province or a city which shall have a schools division
superintendent, at least one assistant schools division superintendent and an office staff
for programs promotion, planning, administrative, fiscal, legal, ancillary and other
support services.
A: Consistent with the national educational policies plans and standards, the school
division superintendents shall have authority, accountability and responsibility for the
following:
3. Hiring, placing and evaluating all division supervisors and schools district
supervisors as well as all employees in the division, both teaching and non-
teaching personnel, including school heads, except for the assistant division
superintendent.
4. Monitoring the utilization of funds provided by the national government units to the
schools and learning centers.
5. Ensuring compliance of quality standards for basic education programs and for
this purpose strengthening the role of division supervisors as subject area
specialists.
7. Supervising the operations of all public and private elementary, secondary and
integrated schools and learning centers.
Q: Who is the one vested with the authority to supervise the operation
of all public and private elementary, secondary and integrated schools
and learning centers.
A: No. Because, Sec 7C (3) of Ra 9155 expressly excludes from an authority of the
superintendent the power to hire an assistant division superintendent.
A: A Schools District shall have a schools district supervisor and an office staff for
program promotion
Q: What shall be done about the schools districts already existing at
the time of the passage of RA 9155?
A: Schools District already existing at the time of the passage of RA 9155 shall be
maintained.
Q: What shall be the authority, accountability and responsibility of the Schools District
Supervisor?
1. Providing professional and instructional advice and support to the school heads
and teachers/facilitators of schools and community learning centers in the district
or cluster thereof.
2. Curricula supervision.
3. Undertaking advocacy work directed at encouraging local government units
(LGUs) and non-government organizations (NGOs) to implement ALS programs.
4. Assisting in the identification of community-based NGOs which could be tapped as
service providers for the basic literacy, accreditation and equivalency programs
and other community development efforts.
5. Supervising the organization of ALS programs in collaboration with LGUs, NGOs
and other government agencies and monitor implementation
6. Monitoring the formulation of school improvement plans and consolidate funding
requirements of programs and projects to be presented to the Municipal School
Board
7. Providing technical support to school heads in expenditures documentation and
liquidation of cash advances.
8. Coordinating data gathering efforts of schools and community learning centers in
the district.
9. Undertaking data verification in coordination with the division planning unit
10. Performing such other functions as may be assigned by proper authorities.