COURSE CODE: MAS 105

COURSE TITLE:           ORGANIZATION & ADMINISTRATION OF THE GUIDANCE

PROGRAM

HISTORY OF GUIDANCE SERVICES AT

SCHOOL

Guidance aims people in terms of

 Pre-problem
 Post-problem
History of Guidance
 The history of school counseling formally started at the turn of the
twentieth century,although a case can be made for tracing the foundations
of counseling and guidance principles to ancient Greece and Rome with the
philosophical teachings of Plato and Aristotle.
Beginning of the 20th century -1940’s
 1907- Jesse B. Davis is thought to be the first to implement a systematic
guidance system in public schools. (Schmidt,2003)
 1908- Bureau of Vocational Guidance was established by Frank Parsons
 1920s to the 1930s- grew and decline
Frank Parsons the “Father of Guidance”.
 Stressed the scientific approach to selecting a career.
 In selecting a vocation:
One must have a clear self-understanding of one’s
aptitudes,abilities,interests,resources and limitations.
Knowledge of the requirements,advantages and disadvantages of different
employment.
GREAT DEPRESSION
  The Great Depression was a severe wordwide economic depression in the
decade preceding World War II.It was the longest,most widespread and
deepest deperession of the 20th century.
1950s to the 1970s
 1950- Guidance and Personnel Service Section in the Division of State
Local School Systems
 1957- National Defense Educational Act
 1960s to the 1970s- the profession continued to grow
 Funds,new legislation,new professional developments
 From vocational or career development purpose it’s focus shifted on
STUDENT’S PERSONAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES
 Late 60s to the early 70s –research work by Norm Gysbers showed that
there must be a more strategic and systematic goal of having a
comprehensive development school counseling programs for every student.

1980s and 1990s

 1980s to the early 1990s- US wasn’t a player in the educational reform
efforts.
 American School Counseling Association (ASCA) National Standards for
School Counseling added 3 core domains:
 Academic,career and personal or social
 Late 1990s – Educational Trust’s Project
 2002-ASCA released ASCA National Model Framework(Dr. Trish Hatch
and Dr. Judy Bowers)
 2002-RAMP (Recognized ASCA Model Programs
 2003- Center for School Counseling Outcome
Research was developed (Jay Carey)
 2004- ASCA Code of Ethics was revised
 National Office for School Counselor
Advocacy
 2006 (January 1)- US congress officially declared Feb 6-10 as National
School Counseling Week
 2008- first NOSCA study was released by Jay Carey
-ASCA released School Counseling
Competencies
 2008- Standards Blending (Dr. Rita Schellenberg
Scope: School Counseling
 2012- most recent version of ASCA National Model was published
GOAL
 Increase student academic,career
college and personal/social
competencies including reduced
achievement and opportunity gaps
for all students.
In the United states,the school counseling profession began as a vocational
guidance movement at the beginning of the 20 th century.In 1907,Jesse B. Davis
became the principal of the Center High School in Detroit,Michigan and
encouraged the school English teachers to use compositions and lessons to
relate career
Interests,develop character and avoid behavioral problem.From that grew
systematic guidance programs which later evolved into comprehensive school
counselling programs that address three
basic domain:academic development,career development and personal/social
development.

Other Countries (including the Philippines)

A balanced comprehensive school counseling program provides services
to promote student success.It involves school counselors working in
conjunction with parents,teachers and other school personnel and community
agencies. Many developmental concepts that must be covered through
comprehensive program can be incorporated into other classroom
studies,giving the school counselor more opportunities for direct
counseling,prevention and remediation functions.It is important that a
comprehensive school counseling program provide a range of services in order
to address the needs of all students.Counselors should strive to balance their
time among all these services,based on the unique needs of their school
community.By developing and implementing a comprehensive school
counseling plan,school counselors can establish a services and activities that
allow them to spend most of their time providing direct services to children.

History of Guidance in the Philippines

Who is the “Father of Guidance in the Philippines”
-SINFOROSO PADILLA
>Filipino psychologist
>1932-started a psychological clinic.
“Guidance and Counselling Act of 2004”
It is hereby declared a policy of the state to promote the
improvement ,advancement and protection of the guidance and counseling
profession by undertaking and instituting measures that will result in
professional,ethical,relevant,efficient and effective guidance and couseling
services for the development and enrichment of individual and group lives.
The state recognizes the important role of guidance counselors in nation-
building and promotes the sustained development of a reservoir og guidance
counselors whose competence have been determined by honest and credible
licensure examination and whose standards of professional practice and service
are world-class and internationally recognized,globally competitive through
preventive regulatory measures,programs and activities that foster their
continuing professional developments.

Guidance Movement in the Philippines

 In the Philippines,guidance is said to have both accidental and incidental
origin.
 Before 1925- guidance as movement,as it is now practiced and
accepted,was unknown in the Philippines.It was only in 1992 when a
Psychological Clinic was started by Dr. Sinforoso
Padilla and which concerned itself with cases of student discipline,as well
as emotional,academic and vocational problems.
 In November 1945, the first Guidance Institute was opened.The Bureau of
Public Schools started to send teachers as pensionados for observation and
study of guidance services abroad.
 In its report of 1951, Congress proposed the establishment of a functional
guidance and counseling program to help students select their
course,activities,occupations,friends ,future matters.
 In 1953, the Philippine Association of Guidance Counselors was organized
in order to study the needs,interests and potentialities of our young people
and to establish a Testing Bureau.
 The most systematic guidance program in the Philippines was launched by
the Guidance Section of the United States Veterans Administration
composed of both American and Filipino psychologists like Dr. Sinforoso
Oadilla,Dr. Jesus Perpinan and Mr. Roman Tuason.