2.3.

T1 TT 31THRS fAmyoy
(Conventional Representation of External and Internal Threads)

, SR-I4 (Bolts) aT RE (Stud) 3tf I 7 ei aaffs ifTaa a

CONVENTIONAL' 7 7 3H4I FTAH 7 A 2.2 3TAR TT

02

()
Representation H)Convenlional ) Simplified
fe 2.

1 (Major Dia.) UI S4T (Minor Dia. or Core Dia.) 5 A E MAA: Vai Å a

Yael sai (Thin Dark and Thin Lighi) TN EIT FT 6 A FNT Dark afd
22 (i) fer T I

0 Representatlon i) Conventional (Hn) Simplified

f 2.3

*****E

) Out side vlew i) Sectonal view (i) Side view

fea 2.4
T S Gr (Out side view) FHTR Tts tai (Dotted lines) ati (T 24 d )

(Minor Dia) a I T(Major Dia) 1 Kui t m a : Thick 3tt Thin Lines ard I

52. gtan (Stud)

Engines and Pumps) g aftraa avn fee (Cylinder) am z *s

fafva xhr 5 I T (Studs) 1 te7 S.6 (a) aM 5.6 (b) H GYI TT

end
Nut end Nut end

Round Square
neck neck Collared neck

Metal end

Round neck ( ) 8quare neck (o) Collared neck

Or
Plain 8tud

fe 5.6 (a) Stud Bolts

 Neck O» 1SD

T
Plain Stud quarNoCK Double Collared
Stud

fam 5.6 (b) Stud Belts

5.3 Conventlonal Symbols for Nuts, Bolts and Scrows

No Type Conventional Symbol No. ype Comventional Symbol

Heeonal eraona
N

Square Nut

beadedboltE
Heagonal Cylinder
socket bolt

7.Contersunk Contersunk
headedslotsre eded ross

Oval D. Oval
counteunk ountersun
headed
slot

SFOX
11. Set screw slot
2. Wood and
etppn
sCrewslot

Conventional Symbol Conventional Symbol

No. Type No. Type
13. Wing screw
714| Wing Nut

feA 5.7

5.4 Plain and Spring Washers

eiisafaR f Nut) Siope

d3

Thickn
U T A I fa 5.8 (1)
Plin Washer 5.8 (2) T Spring8 T-0.12
Washer i T T I (1) Plain washer

(a) Single Coiled (b) Double Coiled

(pring washer
fem 5.8

2.13 MACHINE SCREWS

A screw is a bolt which Is threaded throughout its length. Generally it is
screwed into a threaded hole/tapped hole. Screws or machine screws are
available with different shapes of heads. The commonly used types of machine
Screws are shown in fig2.46 SCREW
Fig 2.45
0.2d R-0.9d 91.5d 01.8d
0.2d 025d
0,2d - 0.25d 0.13d
Red

0.85d
0.85d
0.850 0.85d

dd 0.6d
o'd
FRONT VIEVW FRONT VIEW FRONT VIEW FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW
Od 10
TOP VIEW
ROUND CUP HEAD CHEESE HEAD cOUNTERSUNK HEAD GRUB SCREW
MACHINE SCREWS Fig 2.46
 d
0.5d

0.12d FRONT VIEW LEFT SIDE VIEW

soCKET HEAD SCREW

$7.1. Rd (Rivets)
-Head

TEC
4T R 5 T ZYiA T JS (Tail)
(Shank) -Shank
a
(Aluminium),
7 G FEAIT (Mild Steel), r a 4
ReE T
steel) d
T (Copper), AMRiT (Stainless
(Brass),
Tail

-. --s laads) Tsometrie view of a Rivet

Fig2.51 shows views of some of the types of rlvets given in our syllabus.

01.6d
R-0.8d dd | O1.5d Ø2d

60/

K
d Bd
FRONTVIEW FRONTVIEW FRONTVIEW FRONTVIEW

TOP VIEW TOP VIEW TOP VIEW

SNAP HEAD PAN HEADD 60°cSK HEAD TOP VIEW
FLAT HEAD
RIVET HEADS