-

1.
IJ::: Lr
. . A == 0, :. Lr = 0
~•ae or square .. 3cm
Ao • 3 X 3 • 9 cm2
A,• m2 xAo
,, ~ - 180 - 2i 300 _f_ _ -10 -10 -2
•• 6 • 180- 2 X
m • f - u - -10-(- 25) = 15 = 3
6 - 1200

3. n•
~ -4
90
No- 0 f u,---:,-
:ff"l:M°MX 4- 1• 3
IS
A, • ( ;r
'
X 9• 4 c,n2

-1 f 1
v • V (with respect ot mirror)
-12
4. I O' 13. m • -4 ·' m • -f-u'· -- =
V. 15 m/s 4 -12-u

~l~L=J ~ ~ ~
u•-60 an
f -30
14. m • f-u; m • -30-(- 90)
5
M, M, m • -30 ; m • - 1 Image saze
. as. smaller than
➔
6. 6= 360° - 28 60 2
6 • 360° - 2 X 40° object
6 - 280° -v -1 -v
()eviation does not depend upon incident angle ⇒ mm-·-=-
u ' 2 -90
7. Required minimw n length of the mirror
- V = 45· V • - 45 CITI
6 H '
= 2= 2 =3feet h -3
15. m = - 1 =-=- 2 (Real image)
h0 1.5
8. Minimum length of plane mirror recpred
f f
= H = 180 =90an m=-= -2
f-u f-(-15)
2 2
-2f - 30 = f
n =360" =360" = 8 f = -10 cm
9. 8 45 16. Erect diminished image formed by convex mirror.
n is even so number of images • (n - 1) • 7 17. VI • -m2 xV0
f f -24 -24 -2
10. m • - m• - • - - - -
f- u f- u -24 - (-60) - 36 - 3
m = - 2, ➔ Real, Inverted
2
- 50
- 2 • - - : u • - 75 an
- 50 -u
v- -(-
I
2
3 ) x9· I

11 . R • 25 cm V1 • -4 cm/sec (toward the mirror)

f = 12.5 cm f
f 12.5 18• m• -f - u
m ... - =
f - u 12.5 - (-40) Image to be real and three Umes m - -3
m = 0.23 f
3
- • f - (-20)
height of image
m • height of object f • - 15 cm
height of image ., 0.23 x 7 .5 • 1. 78 1 l 1
20. - +- =-
v u f
f = 10 cm
·· R • 22 cm
f-11 cm
1 1 1
3cm Naw -+- =-
' V U f
25cm 1 1 1
- + - =-
v - 14 11
v = +6.16 [Back side of mirror]
 t-ocal length of spheric al mirror dose m;>t depend
:it: 1. 33. trom one SIU~
· on wavelen gth of light.
22. u = -10 cm, v= -20 cm (dapp )1 = ~
µ
m=-~ ⇒ -{-20) -2 (dach = µ(dapph = 1.5 x 5 ⇒ 7.5cm
u -10
llv = -m2 xllu from second surface
⇒ llv = -4 x0.l (dac) =µ(dapp)i = 1.5 x 2 ⇒ 3.0cm
2
⇒ llv = --0.4 cm
-ve sign indicate object and image are moving Total dac = (dach + (dacli = 1. 5 + 3 .o ⇒ lO.Scm
opposit e to each other 34. Frequen cy doesn't change with change in medi
23. R = 2f; R = 2 x 20 = 40 cm
25. Frequen cy depend upon the source ( t >
µ=n
26.
35. Light __:;~ --t--- ~-
i..0 3500A 1
sin 9c = AR = 7000A ; sin 9c = 2; 8c = 300

2,. Shiftin g= t(1-~) =6(1-/5) µ=-

C
⇒ vm=-
C
...(1)
vm µ
Shifting = 2 cm
. displace ment t
Vm ... (2,
Vair Veloaty = time time
28. _µ91- = V!Jas.s
(1) = (2)
v., = 2 108 1.5 x x m/sec
Vair = 3 X 108 m/s C
-=--
n time
t
⇒
time=n t
C
8
3xl0
= - - - = 1.2
2.5xla 8 36.
h 4
29. --.==== = --=-== = 3cm
r=
,jµ~ -1 ✓(;)'-1 ·
0c=sm -l(µR)
- · -1[~]
=sm
µo
3
-
2
Diamet er of disc = 6m
0- . -1(8)
-S111 -
30. sin(~)
µR sin i = µ
9

37. sin 8c = _1_ = 2 ; sin8c = _1_;, 3

1 x2 sm(~) xcos(~) =µ xsin(~) a µg 3 aµm 4
⇒C >Cg
"'

cos(~) = (~) 38. sin8 =-µ1 & µcx: -;.,1

c

42. If object will be invisible then R.I. of material an<

i= 2 cos-{~) R.l. of medium shQulq be same.
43. om= (µp - 1) A
1 Om = (1.52 - 1) X 4.5°
VIBGYO J\ A t Om = 0.52 X 4.5°
31. sin 8c = µ
---µt om= 2.34°
1 ---~ act 44. 6n = 2i - A
µ a: -
A. 3
Actual depth
e =i= X 60°
4
32. Appare nt depth = µ i = 45°
On = 2 X 45° - 60°
1 on= 30°
;:lnrf u oc -
 56. PO= OQ ; u = v µ = 1.5
Air
1.5 1 1.5-1 0
---=
µv +µR 1.52+1.51 3.03 u -u R p Q
µ"' = 2 = 2 =-2- 1.5+1 0.5 2.5 0 .5
--=-·-=- R
u R ' u R
(I) = 1.52- 1.51 = 0.019 u = SR
3.03 -1
2 1 1 1 100 100
Jlv-µR
57. r l
P = = + t; · P = 20 + 25 = +90
w= 58. p = P1 - P2 ⇒ p = +2.50 - 3 .75
46. µy-1 P = -1.25
1.5318-1.5140 0.0178 -100
(l)ao,,n = 1.5170-1 = 0.5170 = 0 ·0344 f = --=
1.25
-80 cm

1.6852-1.6434 0.0418 59. p nd = P 1 + P2 ; p nd = 3 - 5; p nd = -20

(l)llnl = 1.6499-1 = 0.64999 = 0 ·064 100
f= - = -50cm
_ (l.54-l) x4° _ A = 0.54x 40 = 30
2
47. ~ - 1.72-1 I •-i 0.72 .!V --1 1
- = - - · v = -25 cm
-50 -50 '
. (om
Slll
2
+A) . (30°+60°)
sm
2
1 1 1
-=-+-
60.
48. µ= .A;µ= . 60° f ~ li
sm- sm
2 2 1 100 100 1
P=-=- - - ⇒ P=- = 25-4
sin45° 1 f 40 25 f .
- - = - x 2 ; µ = ../2.
sin30° ✓ 2 ⇒ P = -1.5 D
49. r 1 = A, r 2 = 0 61.
µ- xsin 2A = µ xsin A
1 x2sinAxcosA= µ xsinA 10 = '15x2 ⇒ Xz = 20 cm
µ = 2 cos A ·
distance of image from lens = Xz + f = 30 cm
100
62. f = s=+20cm

1 (1 1)
20 = (l. 5 - l) R - -R
1 1
50. sin 9C = -µ · sin 45° = -µ
I 1 0.5 x2
20 R ; R = 20 cm
µ = ../2. 63. f2 = >½Xz
f2=9x25
sin( A~om) f = 15 cm
52. µ=----
.A
sUl2 64. _!_={µL -1}{_!_ __!_} ...(1)
(,.. Rl Hz
A is same for all prism
Here µ1 < µ2 < µ3
01 < 02 < 03 ... (2)
54. Light should be incident .l on silvered surface
sin i =µsin r

sini = ✓
2 sin30

i = sin- (
1
Jz) = 45°

55. µz _.&, = µz -µ1 ⇒ 1.5 __1_ = 1.5-1 .

v u R v -15 30 '
v = - 30 cm
 1 1 1 d
65. -=-+--- f'= R

n
f f1 f2 f1 f2 2(µ-1)
1 1 1 10
-=-+-
f''=_!!__
f 10 15 10x15
1 3+2 10 r. = 10 cm f2 = 15 cm
µ-1
f = 30-150 :. f' = f & f" = 2f

66.
1 5

Power= - -
1 1 5-2 3
f = 30 - 15 ⇒ f - 30 - 30
1
Focus
⇒ f = 10 cm
75. . .t . .
0 ~
1+-x1...,.....f
~
f _.....,.~__..
I

67. R.I ac no. of images M-- U - - • - - V - + I

68. .!. = (µ -1)(...!... -...!...) Here, x 1 = 25 cm, x2 = 40 cm

f R1 R2
According to Newton's formula
...!_ = (1.5 -1)(-1_ -...!...) f2 = XiXi = (25)(40)
10 7.5 R2
R2 =- -15 cm f = v'(25X40) = l0M cm= 32cm
69. Focal length
Object distance, u =-{f + x 1)=-{32+25)an =-57cm
f= -R = -10
2(µ -1) 2(1.5 - 1) Image distance, v =(f + Xi)=(32+40)cm =72cm
f = -10 cm
Magnification m = -V = -72 = -1.3
' u - 57
70. ¾= (1.6 -1{ 610) 60cm
(1)1 -fl
76.
µ= ro2 =T
.!f = 060·6 ⇒ f = 100 cm 1.6
~ =-(-~5)
71. f1 =(µL -1) {~1 - 1 }
-R
f2 = 9 cm
1 1 (1)1 -f1 0.024 -f1
f =(µL -1)>< R 77. (1)2 =t;; 0.036 =1;
1 1 -f1 : f2 = 2 : 3
⇒ 30=(µ-l)lO 78. pl + p2 :: 2
5 + p2 = 2
1 4
⇒ µ = +1 = = 1.33 p2 = -3
3 3
ro1 _ - f1 _ -P2 ro -(-3) (3)
100 100 ----- ⇒ -1- - - - -
72. p = pl + p2 c:: 80 + (-50) (1)2 f2 P1 ro2 +5 5
P- 1.25-2 (1)1
-=-
-f1
79.
P-== -0.75 D (1)2 f2

74.
LJ f
or
f1
-=-
f2
-4
3
⇒
1 1 1
-=-+-
f f1 ½
-4fi _!__-2_ 1
f1=3 ⇒ 60 - -4fi +~
f f"
f' = f r = 2t 1 -3+4
- = -- ⇒ -=-
1 1
44
+ (µ -1{~)
=
60 4f2 60
f2 = 15 cm; so f 1 = -20 cm
(1)1 - f1 -10 2
f= R 80.
A 2(µ - 1) ro2 f2 -15 - 3