blon CHAP TER

14
Biomolecules
A Quick Recapitulation of the Chapter
Substance or molecules ocCurring in the living system are called biomolecules.
2 Carbohydrates are optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or the compounds which produce such units
on hydrolysis. Most of them have a general formula, C,(H,0), and are called as hydrate of carbon.
3Cnthe basis of their reducing nature, carbohydrates can be grouped as reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars.
4 Reducing sugars contain free aldehydic or ketonic group and reduce Fehling's solution and Tollen's reagent.
All monosaccharides and disaccharides having free aldehydic or ketonic group are reducing sugars. e.g. maltose
and lactose.
5. Non-reducing sugars do not have free aldehydic or ketonic group and do not reduce Fehling's solution and
Tollen's reagent. In disaccharides, if the reducing groups of monosaccharides are bonded, they are non-reducing in
nature. e.g. SUcrose.
6.Onthe basis of their behaviour of hydrolysis, these are classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides and
polysaccharides.
Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides Oligosaccharides Polysaccharides

Simplest carbohydrates
which cannot be hydrolysed
further to simlplest sugar, e.g
glucose, fructose
They are soluble in water and
Sweet in taste, also known as
Sugars
On hydrolysis, yield 2-10
monosaccharides, e.g.
sucrose, maltose
They are soluble in water and
tasteless they are known as
non-sugar.
Yield large number of
monosaccharides on deidW
hydrolysis, e.g.cellulose etc.
They are soluble in water
and sweet in taste, also
known as sugars.

.Glucose exists in two cyclic form, i.e. a-D-glucose and B-D-glucose.

no acidsare the organic compounds which contain both carboxylic acid(COOH) and aminoNH) group in
their molecules.
388 Master The NCERT CHEMISTRY Vol-Il
9. The amino acids which can be synthesised in the
body, are known as non-essential amino acids,
those which cannot be synthesised in the body and
must be obtained through diet, are known as
essential amino acids.
10. Proteins are the polymers of a-amino acids and they
are connected to each other by peptide bond or
peptide linkage.
11. Protein can be classified into two types on the basis
of their molecular shape, i.e. fibrous proteins and
globular proteins.
12. Structure and shape of proteins can be studied at
four different levels, i.e. primary, secondary, tertiary
and quaternary.
13. Due to temperature change or pH change, secondary
and tertiary structure are destroyed but primary
structure remains intact. The process is called
denaturation of proteins.
14. Enzymes are the biocatalysts and specific in function.
15. Vitamins are certain organic compounds required in
the diet in small amounts to perform specific 0Lf
biological functions for optimum growth and
maintenance health of an organism
16. Vitamins are classified into two groups depending
upon their solubility in water or fat. Vitamins B and Care
water soluble and vitamins A, D, E and Kare fat soluble.
Objective Questions Based on NCERT Text
Topic 1
Carbohydrates
1. Select the biomolecule(s) that help during the
formation of the living system.
(a) Carbohydrates (b) Nucleic acids
(c) Lipids (d) All of these
2. Whih one of the following pairs is the essential
constituent of our food?
(a) Nucleic acids and lipids
(b) Proteins and carbohydrates
(c) Proteins and nucleic acids
(d) Proteins and lipids
3. Select the incorrect statement about the sugar.
(a) It is sweet in taste
b )Sugar present in milk is called sucrose
(c) Greek word 'sakcharon' means sugar
(d) Not all of the carbohydrates are called sugars
17. Nucleic acids are the genetic material of the cells
They are responsible for transmission of hereditary
effects from one generation to the other.
They also carry out the biosynthesis of proteins. Thew
consists of three components viza sugar, a
nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
18. DNA and RNA are two types of nucleic acids.
19. DNA has double stranded a-helix structure. It occurs
in the nucleus ofthe cell. It controls the hereditary
effects.
20. RNA has single stranded a-helix structure.It occurs in
the cytoplasm of the cell. It controls the synthesis of
protein.
21. DNA contains four bases viz adenine,
guanine, cytosine and thymine. RNA also contains
four bases, the first three bases are same as in DNA
but the fourth one is uracil (instead of thymine
in DNA).
22. A unit formed by the attachment of base to 1 position
of sugar is known as nucleoside.
23. Nucleotides are joined together by phosphodiester
linkage between 5' and 3' carbon atoms of the
pentose sugar.
24. RNA molecules are of three types, i.e. messenger
RNA (m -RNA), ribosomal RNA (r - RNA) and transfer
RNA (t -RNA).
4. Carbohydrates are classified on the basis of their
behaviour on hydrolysis. They have been broadly
divided into
(a) two groups b) three groups
(c) four groups (d) five groups
5. Carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolysed further to
give simpler unit of polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone
is called
(a) monosaccharide
(b) oligosaccharide
(c) polysaccharide
(d) sucrose
6. How many natural monosaccharides are knoWn to
occur in nature?
(a) 5 (d) 20
(b) 10 (c) 15
 oV Y CHAPTER 14: Biomolecules 389

The number of monosaccharides formed when an 14. What is the following structures correctly represent of
saccharide under go drolysis ranges between the glucose?
(b) 2-10
(0) 1-10
CHO CHO CHO CHO
(0) 4-10
(d) 5-10
y
&What
will be produced it a molecule of sucrose is (a) (CHOH) b)(HOH) (©) (CHOH), (d) (CHOH)
bydrolysed?
molecule of glucose CH,OH CH,OH CH,OH CH,OH
o) One 15. Name the reagent and condition required for carrying
of glucose
) Two molecule
molecule of glucose and fructose out of the following reaction.
(c) One
of glucose and maltose CHO
) One molecule
are called non-sugars?
&Whypolysaccharides (CHOH) CHfCH, CH3
number of monosaccharide
g) They yield large
on n-hexane
hydrolysis
taste sweet uloimesdl AR
2000CH,OHP
) They do not (a) HF,A (b) HCI,A (c) HBr, A (d) HI, A
() They reducing sugars
are
16. D-(+)-glucose reacts with hydroxylamine and yields
() They are non-reducing sugars an oxime.The structure of the oxime would be
L Find out the correct option among the following (CBSE AIPMT 2014)
n statements.
CH=NOH CH=N-OH
(o) In reducing sugars, aldehydic and ketonic group are not
free bonded
H-C OH HO-C H
) Maltose and lactose are non-reducing sugar
(C) Fehling's solution and Tollens' reagent are the HO-C-H HO-C H
non-reducing sugar (a) b H-C OHH
( All monosaccharides whether aldoses or ketoses are HO
C-H
reducing sugar OH
H OH
bls on H
I1. On what basis are the manosaccharides classified? Binn ooulbCH-OH - b CHOH
0) Number of oxygen atoms and the functional group oouloe
present in them CH=NOH CH=NOH
6) Its molecular weight
) Functional group present in them eecHO-C-H HCOH S
) Number of C-atoms and the functional group present in
H-C-OH O HO-H
them (c) d) OH
Whichofthe following reactions correctly represents HO-CH
the synthesis of
glucose?2 HC-OH otiot HC-OH

0 GpHO+
SUcTOSe
H,O CH,O, +C,HO oit asCH,OH CHOH
Glucose Fructose
stdo 17. What is the product formed when D-glucose is treated
0) GaHO2 +H,O with Br2 water?
Sucrose
2C,H20gdo wy(o)
Glucosco oito CHO COOH
C) CHOs H nCgHO, d) H OH H OH
Slarch or cellulosc 393K, 2-3 atm
Glucose (a) Ho- (b) H o - H

) (CHO)n +H,O
Starch or cellulose
H
273 K
cin tdo e t (o)
nCgH12O%
()H
H
OH
OH
H
H
-OH
-OH
ise Glucose
CH2OH CHOH
. Choose the correct statement(s) about glucose.
COOH CHO
8) ltis also called dextrose alt alt old 8 H -OH H - -OH
0 ltis monomer of starch and cellulose ( (c) Ho -H (d) H O -
-H
0) Its molecular formula is CHO6ilo co -OH
9 All of the abovedoeagsin imot ocoolu fatel H -OH H-
(G no H OH ees H -OH
COOH CHO
390 Master The NCERT CHEMISTRY Vol-ll

to glyceraldehvde f
ehyde () and
18. Select the evidence for the open chain structure of 23. Assign the configuration
glucose ().
glucose. CHO
H-
(a) Reaction with Tollens' reagent CHO OH
b) Reaction with Fehling's solution HO- -H
H -OH
(c) Pentaacetyl derivative of glucose H OH
(d) Cyanohydrin formation with HCN
CH,OH H OH
19. Name the product which is formed by the oxidation of
CH,OH
glucose and gluconic acid with nitric acid. Glyceraldehyde Glucose
(a) Rhamnose I II
b) Saccharic acid Choose the correct option.
(c) Citric acid II>D b) IL; II>L
(d) Oxalic acid
(a) I D;
(c) I L ; II>D (d) ID; IIL
20. The spacial arrangement of differentOH groups in
24. The structure of D-(4)-glucose is?
the molecules is given.
(JEE Adv.201
CHO COOH COOH 8L CHO
- OH
H H
H- -OH H -OH OH
HO-
HO -H HO- HO- -H
OH H-
-H
H OH H- OH H OH
H 0OH H- - OH
H - OH H- OH
CH,OH CH,OH COOH CH,OH 2
II II The structure of L-(O-glucose is

Choose the correct option with names for I, II CHO CHO

and III. HO- H A OH
(a) I> Gluconic acid II > Glucose, IlI Saccharic acid (b) HO-
(b) I> Saccharic acid, II> Glucose, III > Gluconic acid
(a)H OH H
HO- H t H -OH
(c) IGlucose, II > Gluconic acid, III> Saccharic acid HO- HO- -H
(d) I Glucose, II > Saccharic acid, III-> Gluconic acid
CH,OH CH,OH
21. What does D' and (+) signifies in D-(t)-glucose?
(a) D represents conformation and (+) represents the CHO CHO
laevorotatory nature of molecule o HO- H HO-
(b) D represents configuration and () represents the (c)HO- H (d) HO- H
dextrorotatory nature of molecule
(c) D represents conformation and (+) represents the
gH OH HO- H
HO H H- -OH
dextrorotatory nature of molecule
(d) D represents configuration and (+) represents the CH,OH CHOH
laevorotatory nature of molecule
25. How is the a-form of
22. Which of the following statement is false about the glucose obtained?
(a) It is obtained by the crystallisation from concentraled
given structure?
solution of glucose at 317 K
CHO CHO (b) It is obtained by the crystallisation from concentralte
H OH HO solution of glucose at 303 K
H
()It is obtained by the crystallisation from hot saturalte
CH,OH O CH,OH aqueous solution at 303 K
(1) (1I) (d) It is obtained by the crystallisation from hot and
(a) These are the isomers of glyceraldehyde saturated aqueous solution at 371K
(b) Both contain one asymmetric carbon atom
26. Select the false statement
(c) Both exist in the two enantiomeric form about the cyclic gluc
(a) If the-OH group is added to-CHO group it wil
(d) I->-glyceraldehyde said to have L-configuration form cyclic hemiacetal structure
II-glyceraldehyde said to have D-configuration (6) Glucose form six-membered
C-5 position
ring in which His at
 oy Ya CHAPTER 14 Biomolecules 391
(olting point
(e)M
of a-glucose is 423 K and of B-glucose is (c) It exists as six membered
d 419 K ring
(d) It is named as furanose as it
contain one
carbon atom oxygen and six
HCOH H HOC-H 33.
H OH H2-0H H -OH
Identify the a- D()- fructofuranose and
HO 3-H O HO H HO H O B-D-- fructofuranose from the following structure
H OH H4 O H H 4 OH
H
HSOH H-S HOH,C COH lHO--CH,OH
CH OH 6
CH,OH CH OH HO -H HO -H O
a-D-(t)-glucose
p-D-(+-glucose H4 OH H4 OH
Whichof the following is -pyranose among the HS H
given options?
CH,OH CHOH
H
OH OH I II

() HO

HO OH
OH (b) HOHO o H
HOH,C CHOH HOH,C OHOH
015) H
ÓH KH HO RH HO
OH
OH OH H4 3OH H 3/CH,OH

(0)Ho
HOL
OH (d) HoHO\ - o H
OH Hgeeery
III
OH H
V
OH OH Choose the correct
OH H option.
8 In which 0f the following classes does the glucose a-D-)-fructofuranose B-D--fructofuranose
and mannose are placed?
(a) I and I lil and IV
(b) I and II II and IV
(0) Epimers (b) Anomers
) Ketohexose
() II and II I and IV
(d) Disaccharide
(d) II and IV I and III
B. What are the number of chiral carbon atoms present
34. Identify the monosaccharide units in the given structure.
in a-D-glucose molecule?
9) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5
(d) 6 CH,OH
M. What is the relation between the two hemiacetal form
of glucose? H H -OH HOH,C H
) They are anomers (b) They are isomers OH H-oNH CH,OH
) They are epimer (d) They are pyranose
uoda fo HO CH,OH
IL. Choose the structure of H OH OH H
D-()-fructose. II
CH,OH CHOH (a) Ia-D-glucose, II B-D-fructose
CO (b) I>a-D-fructose, IIB-D-glucose
(a)HO -H (b) Ho H (c) IO-D-fructose, IIB-D-glucose
H OH HO- -H (d) I>a-L-glucose, IIB-L-fructose
HO H HO- H 35. Which one of the following statements is correct
HOH CH,OH about disaccharide?
CHOH CHOH
HO- H CHOH
(c) HO H
(d) Ho H H
aVH
OH HOH,C H
HO H
HO- H -OH NOH H -O- H HO
H OH HO CH,OH6
CHOH CH,OH H OH OH H
I II
nich of the following statement is correct about
Inuctose? (a) Ring I is furanose with B-glycosidic link
8) Itis
dextrorotatory compound (b) Ring IIl is furanose with B-glycosidic link
exists in the two cyclic forms which is obtained by (c) Ring I is pyranose with B-glycosidic link
theaddition of-OH at C-5 to the>C-0group (d) Ring II is pyranose with B-glycosidic link
 CHEMISTRY Vol-Il
392 Master The NCERT

39. Which ofthe following in the

polymer is stored in the cell.
cell wall?
36. Which one of the following statements is not true (a) Cellulose (b) Amylose
regarding ()- lactose?
(CBSE AIPMT 2011)
(c) Amylopectin (d) Glycogen
(a) (+)-lactose, C2H2O1 contains 8 OH groups 40. A polysaccharide is composed only of glucose
amount of D-()
(6) On hydrolysis (+)-lactose gives equal units which are ined by glycosidic linkage
glucose and D-(+) galactose
of C-1 of one glucose
unit and C-4 of the next olho
the union
(c) (+)-lactose is a B-glycoside formed by unit. Name the
polysaccharide.
of D-(+)-
molecule of D-(+)-glucose and a molecule (b) Cellulose
(a) Amylose
galactose
does not exhibit (c) Amylopectin (d) Glycogen
(d) (+)-lactose is reducing sugar and
mutarotation
41. Consider the following the structure.

37. Name the constituents and type of linkage present

in
HOH,C O O

O-maltose.
(a) one a-D-glucopyranose unit and one B-D-glucopyranose
unit with 1, 2-glycosidic HOHC OH
linkage
two a-D-glucopyranose unit with 1, 2-glycosidic
-o OH
e6) OH
linkage HOH,C
(c) two B-D-glucopyranose units with 1,4-glycosidic
linkage OH
(d) two a-D-glucopyranose units with 1, 4-glycosidic OH
linkage ()
38. Which one of the following pair is the reducing OH
sugar? Name the kind linkage which has been indicated with
(a) Sucrose and maltose (b) Maltose and lactose ) in the above figure.
(c) Lactose and sucrose (d) Sucrose and glucose (a) -linkage (b) B-linkage (c) y-linkage (d) 8-linkage

Topic 2
Proteins
42. Which of the following statements is/are correct about 45. Which one of the following amino acid has phenyl
proteins? -OH group?
(a) Proteins form the basis of structure and function of life (a) Lysine(b) Arginine () Proline (d) Tyrosine
(b) They are required for growth and maintenance of body
(c) They are polymers of a-amino acids
46. Which one of the following is the correct
(d) All of the above representation of tripeptide i.e. (alanine-glycine-
43. Amino acids are classified as a, B, y and ô on the alanine)?
basis of
(a) their relative position of amino group (a) HN
H
(b) their relative position of amino group with respect too CH3
carboxyl group
(c) their relative position of carboxyl group
(d) the relative position of ester with respect to carboxyl (b)HN COOH
H
group CH3
44. Name the product obtained on the hydrolysis of CH3
protein. N
(a) Only B-amino acids (C)HaN COOH
H
(b) Only o-amino acids CH3
(c) Only B-carboxylic acids
(d) Only a-carboxylic acids (d) HN
OH
H
CH3 CH3 t
 the
f the following amino acid does
followin
not give 56. A tripeptide is composed equally of L-tyrosine,
one
of
Which
the
ninhydrin t e s t ? L-glycine and L-valine (one molecule of each). How
(0)Aspartic acid (b) Glycine many number of tripeptides can be obtained?
(d) Lysine (a) 3 (b)4 (c)6 (d) 8
( 0 )P r o l i n e

one ofthe following ring is present in the 57. In the given reaction,
hich
histidine? H,N CHCOOH + H,N-CH-COOH-
-H,0
(b)
CH
H H,NCH,CONH-CH-COOH
H
NH
(d) A CH3
c) N which is formed in the above
Name the dipeptide
reaction.
statements is not correct
(b) Glycylalanine
aWhich of the following (a) Alanglycine
Zwitter ion? (d) Glycinalanine
about a (c) Alaninglycine
not contain any charges
Itis neutral and does 58. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
of carboxyl and amino groups
(b) It consists (a) When four, five or six amino acids are linked, the
(o) It is dipolaracids exist as Zwitter ions respective products are known as tetrapeptide,
) Many amino pentapeptide, or hexapeptide
amino acid
Amino acids
exist in Zwitter ion form, (b) Polypeptide with more than hundred is
10000
residues, having molecular mass higher than
u
fact what is the structure of glycine at
COnsidering this
called protein
phH=42 called proteins
(6) HN-CH,-COOH (c) Polypeptide with fewer amino acids are
) H,N-CH-COO if they have well defined conformation of protein
such
(d) H,N-CH C O 0
(0) H,N-CH-COOH as insulin
(d) All of the above
amino acids is not optically
IL. Which of the following
active? 59. On what basis, do the fibrous and globular proteins
Leucine (d) Glutamine are classified?
()Lysine(b) Glycine (c) basis of number of the amino acids
representation of peptide bond? (a) On the
2 Which is the correct
On the basis of their molecular shape
(b)
O acids
(c) On the basis of type of the amino
(6) (d) On the basis of molecular weight
()-C-N
are held
H 60. "When the polypeptide chains run parallel
then fibre
OH
together by hydrogen and disulphide bonds,
are generallyy
like structure is formed. Such proteins
insoluble in water."
)H-CN (d) -C-N
favours the above
Name the type of protein which
O
information.
B Name the molecule which is eliminated during the
(a) Fibrous protein (b) Globular protein
fomation of peptide bond. (c) Primary protein (d) Tertiary protein
) Hydrogen (6) Oxygen (c) Water (d) Alcohol Cros
incorrect about
61. Which of the following statements is
which can be the secondary structure of protein?
he maximum number of tripeptides chain
0blained from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids 1S
(a) It refers to the shape in which long polypeptide
) 8000 (b) 6470 can exist
i.e. a-helix
c) 7465 (d) 5360 (b) It exists in two different type of structures,
5. How many umber of water molecules are removed and B-pleated sheet structure
of the
(c) Its structure arises due to regular folding
rom the n number of amino acids during the backbone of the polypeptide chain
loTmation of peptide bond? ois () between>C=0and
) (n-1) (0 (d) There is the covalent bonding
b) N H groups of the peptide bond
C) (n/2) (d) (n + 1)
394 Master The NCERT CHEMISTRY Vol-II

represenations of protein
64. Diagrammatic tructures are
struchur. 10.
62. given below.
RCH A

Q: RCHH
o RCH
RCR
HO 11.
HCR
HCR
(II) (III) (IV)
N---O -4--0- ()
Identify I, I, III and IV in the above representationand 12
RCH
choose the correct option.
RCH I II III IV
N Secondary
(a) Primary Tertiary
HCR
HCR
HCR structure structure structure Quaternary
structure
(b) Primary Tertiary Secondary Quaternary
structure structure structure structure
I II
(c) Primary Secondary Quaternary Tertiary
Identify I and II in the given figure. structure structure structure structure
II
(d) Quaternary Tertiary Secondary Primary 73
structure structure structure structure
(a) a-helix structure of B-pleated sheet structure
protein of protein 65. Pick up the correct statement abount the denaturation of

(b) a-helix structure of DNA B-pleated sheet structure of protein. 4

(a) During denaturation 1° and 2°structures of proteins are
protein
destroyed but 3° structure remains intact
(c) a-helix structure of B-pleated structure of DNA
(b) During denaturation 2° and 3°structures of proteins are
protein
destroyed but 1° structure remains intact
(d) 2-helix strucure of DNA B-pleated structure of DNA
(c) During denaturation 1° and 3°structures of proteins are
63. The spatial arrangement of the two or more destroyed but 2° structure remains intact
polypeptide chains with respect to each otheris (d) During denaturation 1° and 4°structures of proteins are
known as destroyed but 3° structure remains intact
(a) primary structure 66. Which of the following is/are example(s) of denaturation
(6) secondary structure of protein?
(c) tertiary structure (a) Coagulation of egg white (b) Clotting of blood
(d) quaternary structure
(c) Curdling of milk (d) Both (a) and (c)

Topic3
Enzymes and Vitamin
67. Which one of the following statements is incorrect 69. Name the enzyme that catalyses the reaction given
about enzyme catalysts? (CBSE AIPMT 2012) below.
(a) Enzymes are mostly protein as in naturei 6 6
(b) Enzyme action is specific CHOH CHOH
(c) Enzymes are denatured by ultraviolet rays and at high
temperature H5 H H1S
(d) Enzymes are least reactive at optimum temperature
H H (2C H10
68. Which of the following vitamins given below is water
NOH
HO 3
-0 -
OH
3
H
2/ OH
Glucose

soluble? (JEE Main 2015) H OH H OH

(a) Vitamin C (b) Vitamin D (a) Talose (b) Lactose
(c) Vitamin E d) Vitamin K (c) Pepsin (d) Maltase
 CHAPTER 14: Biomolecules 395

t is the common name given to the enzyme which 75. s.N. Name of
What
the oxidation of one substrate with vitamins Sources Deficiency diseases
se
reduction of another substrate? Vitamin A Fish liver oil, carrots,
multaneous 1.
0) Reductioxidase
(b) Oxidonductase butter and milk
c) Oxidoreductase (d) Reductoxides 2. I Yeast, milk, green Beri-beri (loss of
vegetables and appetite, retarded
Which ofthe following is a fat soluble vitamin?
T. (a) Vitamin A
cereals growth)
(b) Vitamin B 3 II Milk, egg white, Cheilosis (fissuring at
() Vitamin C (d) Vitamin B, liver, kidney comers of mouth and
lips), digestive
aWhyvitamin-C must be supplied regularly in diet? disorders and burning
sensation of the skin.
stored in the body and
d (a[tis fat soluble
in
vitamin hence
basis 4 Vitamin B Yeast, milk, cgg yolk, IV
cannot be used regular
pyridoxine) cereals and grams
Itis water soluble vitamin hence excreted in urine and
cannot be stored in the body
ary
Complete the blanks given in the table.
(c) It is required
in a large amount by the body hence Codes
ary supplied regularly I I IV
a Itis a water soluble vitamin hence used by the body on (a) Vitamin B Vitamin B Xerophthalmia Convulsions
daily basis and is to be supplied regularly (Thiamine) (Riboflavin)
(exet(b) Vitamin B Vitamin B Xerophthalmia Convulsions
is also known as
3. Pyridoxin (Riboflavin) (Thiamine)
vitamin B
(a) vitamin B, (6) (c)VitaminB Vitamin B, Convulsions Xerophthalmia
of (c) vitamin B2 (d) vitamin B (Thiamine) (Riboflavin)
AMC) Vitamin B, Vitamin B Convulsions Xeroph
4 Which of the following is most common source of (Riboflavin) (Thiamine) thalmia
vitamin C?
() Amla and green leaf of vegetables 76. Which of the following disease is caused by the
deficiency of vitamin E?
6) Fish liver oil
) Milk (a) Beri-beri (b) Rickets
(d) Muscular weakness
) Butter (c)ScurvyA

apic4 noig tpsn0o

DAOTTDA ()
A019A1
ion Nucleic Acids
71. Name the particles in the nucleus of the cell1 80. Which of the following was discovered by the
responsible for heredity. JDWatson and F Crick?
a) Chromosomes b) Mitrochondria (a) Chromosome is made up of protein and nucleic acid
c) Ribosomes (d) None of these (b) DNA is responsible for hereditory transmission
(c) DNA has double helix structure
& Which of the following statements is/are correct?
(d) All of the above
) The particles in nucleus of the cell, responsible for
heredity are called chromosomes 81. The full forms of DNA and RNA are respectively.
(a) Deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid
b) Chromosomes are made up of proteins and nucleic
acids (b) Deribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid
) Nucleic acids are also called nucleosides (c) Deoxyribonucleotidic acid and ribonucleotidic acid
0) Both (a) and (b) (d) Deoxyribonucleosidic acid and ribonucleosidic acid
T9. DNA and 82. Which of the following match is correct between
RNA are examples of nucleic acid and its respective sugar base?
) Nucleosides
(a) DNA B-D-3-deoxyribose
6) Nucleotides (b) DNA B-D-1-deoxyribose
0) Nucleic acids (c) RNA B-D-ribose
0) polypeptides
(d) RNAB-D-3-deoxyribose
 Vol-ll
396 Master The NCERT CHEMISTRY

the following reaction,

88. Consider
83. Consider the following structures.

OH
Base
HOH,C OH HOHC O-P-0H,C
Sugar
KH H
H3 2/VH
OH OH OH
OH OH
B-D-2-deoxyribose Base
B-D-ribose II 0.
I
0-P-0H,C
choose the correct
Identify structure I and II and Sugar
option.
II
I OH
(a) B-D-ribose B-D-2-deoxyribose
(b) a-D-ribose B-D-3-deoxyribose () Base
(c) B-D-deoxyribose B-D-ribose O-P0HC
o-D-ribose
(d) B-D-deoxyribose
in H
Sugar
84. Which one of the following bases is not present
(JEE Main 2015)
DNA?
(b) Adenine
(a) Quinoline
(c) Cytosine (d) Thymine (mO-P=o
85. Select the base which is not common between DNA
Base
and RNA.
(a) Adenine (A)cbelbs b) Guanine (G) a HC
(c) Cytosine (C) (d) Uracil (U)
Sugar
86. What will be the sequence of complementary strand (LIT
of DNA, if the one strand of DNA has the sequence OH
of TATGACTG?
(b) ACGTTGAC
Identify I, II and IIl in the above figure and mark the
(a) ATACACTC
correct option
(c) ATACTGAC (d) ATACTGCA
(a) I> 3 end ofchain II> Phosphodiesterlinkage
87. Consider the following structures II > 5 end of chain
HO-HC Base wo8 (b) I3'end of chain II>Phosphate linkage
III> 5 end of chain
(c)I5' end ofchain II> Phosphodiesterlinkage
H
H2H III>3 end of chain
(d) I5 end of chain II > Phosphate linkage
OH OH a AVCo
I II3 end of chain
89. Select the correct and simplified version ofnucleic acid
5 0, odl18
chain from the following chains given in the options.
oP-0-HC Base
O KH H Sugar Base Base
H \3 2/ H
(a)-Base-Phosphate--Sugar-PhosphateSugar
OH OH
Base Sugarc(optolSugar
II
Identify I and II in the above structure and mark the
correct option.
(6)-Sugar- Phosphate Base- PhosphateBase
Base Base
I Base
(a) Nucleoside; Nucleotide Sugar-Phosphate Sugar- Phosphate u
(b) Nucleotide; Nucleosite Base
(c) Nucleoside; Nucleotide
Base Base

(d) Nucleotide; Nucleoside (d)-Phosphate -Sugar Phosphate-SugarPhosp

 o v YCHAPTER 14 Biomolecules 397

Completehydrolysis of DNA/RNA yields

ose sugar
(b) phosphoric acid
ase (nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds) (d) All of these
Choose
the appropriate statement about the given figure.
,

strand helix structure of DNA

(a) It is the double (b) It is the double strand helix structure of RNA
B-pleated structure of DNA
(c) It is the (d) It is the B-pleated structure ofRNA
#Which one ofthe following does not constitute the nucleic acid?
0) Uracil (b) Ribose sugar (c) Phosphoric acidu oniaso(d) Guanidine
statements is/are true?
Which ofthe following
() Every individual has unique fingerprints and it occur at the tips of fingers
b) Asequence of bases on DNA is also unique for a person and information regarding this is called fingerprinting
(o) Fingerprints can be altered by the surgery

(0) All of the above

H.Which of the following is/are the application(s) of the DNA fingerprinting?
0) in forensic 1aboratories for the identification of criminals
) to identify radical groups to rewrite biological evolution
(c) to determine paternity of an individual
(d) All of the above

Special Format Questions

More Than One Correct Option 98. Which of the following carbohydrates are branched
5. Which of the polymer of glucose?
following are reducing sugar? (b) Cellulose
) Glucose (b) Fructose is (a) Amylopectino
c) Mannose (d) Sucrose (c) Amylose (d) Glycogen
99. Which of the following amino acids cannot be
Which ofthe following statements are correct?
synthesised in the body?
The natural glucose and fructose are D-forms (a) Valine (b) Leucine (c) Lysine (d) Glycine
y Glucose and fructose both are monosaccharides
) The solution having equal molecules of D-glucose and 100. Which of the following are basic amino acids?
D-fructose is termed as invert sugar (a) Lysine (b) Asparagine
0) Aldohexoses exists in 2 optical forms (c) Arginine (d) Glutanic acid
"w

CKup the correct statements from the following. 101. Pick up the correct statements
Glucose exists in two different crystalline forms, (a) There are 20 essential amino acids
a-D-glucose and B-D-glucose (b) L-amino acids are represented by writing the -NH2
0d-D-glucose and B-D-glucose are enantiomers group on the left side
Only O-amino acids are obtained on hydrolysis of
Cellulose is a straight chain polysaccharide made up of (c)
only B-glucose units proteins
structure ofa-D-glucose and B-D-glucose is (d) The amino acids which are synthesised in the body are

9ycie
called pyranose structure known as non-essential amino acids
 Vol-II
398 Master The NCERT CHEMISTRY

statements and mark the correct

Select the correct
acids are obtained
102. Which of the following amino option.
(d) 1,landII
during the hydrolysis of aspartame? (a) OnlyI(b) OnlyII ()Only III
(a) Aspartic acid (b) Phenylalanine following statement(s)
is/are false about
(d) Glutamine 110. Which of the
(c) Lysine carbohydrates?
about
103. Which of the following statements are correct
I. It has general formula, C, (H,O)
of carbon.
amino acids? II. They are hydrates
(a) They are colourless, crystalline
solids formula of glucose is CH,0, and
III. The molecular
(6) They are water soluble fomula is C6 (H, O)6.
general
than simple amines or
(c) The behave like salts rather Choose the correct option, W
carboxylic acids (b) Only II (c) II and II (d) OnlylI
(a) Only I
(d) They have high melting solids statements.
about amino acids? 111. Consider the following
104. Which of the following are true are known to occur in
amino acid I. About 20 monosaccharides 15, Co
(a) Glycine is the only naturally occurring
which is optically inactive nature.
have II. Glucose, fructose, ribose are the common examples
(b)Most of naturally occurring amino acids
of oligosaccharide.
D-configuration
(c) Alanine having one amino and
one carboxylic group III. Fructose is a ketoxerose.
mark the correct
(d) Amino acids are the constituents of proteins
all
Select the correct statements and Se
105. Which of the following statements are correct about option (d) I and III
a) Only I(b) II and II (©) I and II
globular proteins? C)
in water
(a) Globular proteins are usually soluble 112. Consider the following statements regarding glucose.
I6. Co
coil around
(b) In these proteins, chains of polypeptides I. Glucose occur freely in nature.
each other to give a spherical shape Adad II. Glucose occur in the combined form.
(c) Insulin is an example of globular protein III. Glucose present in sweet fruits and honey.
(d) Albumins is an example of globular protein IV. Ripe grapes contain glucose in large amounts.
106. The main forces, which stabilise the 2° and 3° Select the correct statement(s) and choose the most
structures of proteins is/are
appropriate option.
(a) hydrogen bond (b) II and II| Che
(a) I and II
(b) disulphide bond an
(d) I, II, II and IV
(C)van der Waals' forces 2feu180I) IVandI
(d) electrostatic forces of attraction 113. Consider the following statements. )
I. Pyran is a cyclic organic compound with one
107. Mark the correct statements about denaturation of
oxygen atom and five carbon atom. i.Co
proteins. aci
(a) After denaturation, the biological activity of the protein II. The cyclic structure of glucose is correctly
is destroyed represented by Haworth structure.
(b) The primary structure of the protein does not change III. Five membered cyclic structure of glucose is called
(c) Fibrous proteins are converted into globular proteins pyranose structure.
(d) Curdling of milk is an example of denaturation of Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?
protein Choose the correct option. Che
108. Which of the following are purine bases? (a) I and II (b) I and I (©) Only II (d) I, I and 1! opt
(a) Guanine (b) Adenine 114. Three cyclic structures of monosaccharides are given (a)
(c) Thymine (d) Uracil below

IL Statement Based Questions H-C-0OH HO-C-H 8, Co

109. Consider the following statements. H -OH H- OH
I. Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids and lipids all HO- -H HO- H II
are biomolecules. H OH H- OH
II. Biomolecules are the organic compounds.
H-
II. Plants and animals are made up of biomolecules.
CH,OH 2OH
I II
 CHAPTER 14: Biomolecules 399

119. Consider the following amino acids.

HO-C-H
I. (CH,2 CH-CH-COOH
HO -H
HO- H O NH2
- OH II. HOOC-CH,-CH2-CH-COOH
H
HO- H
NH2
H
II. H,NCH,-CH,-CH,COOHl
CHOH
III IV. HOOC-CH,-CH-COOH

anomers?
are
Which of these II and III NH2
0 andII
(b)
ofI and II acid among
(d) III is Which of the following are acidic amino
anomer
0 1andII
statements. the above one? Choose the correct option.
the following (b) II and II
n Consider contain a large number of
(a) I and II
(d) II andIV
Polysaccharides
I (c) III andI
by glystatic linkage.
S aligosaccharides units, joined
polysaccharide of plants. 120. Consider the following statements
.Starch is the main storage
cereals. the polymers of a-amino acids
and
found in I. Proteins are
It is mainly connected to each other by glycosidic
and mark the correct option. they are
elect the correct
0 Only I
(b) Only II linkage.
of polypeptides coil
(d) None of these I. In globular proteins, chains
) 1and I both around each other to give a spherical shape.
statements.
Consider the following can be
with dilute acid gives II. Structure and shape of globular protein
L Disaccharides on hydrolysis studied at three different level.
different
three molecules of same or
the correct
Select the correct statement(s) and mark
monosaccharides.

IL Disaccharide are formed by

the loss of water and 2 option.
(a) Only I (6) Only II
have an oxide linkage. (8&1- statements are correct
All
(c) Both Il and 1 t s t a l (d)
statement about disaccharide
Choose the incorrect on the
be classified into two types
d select the most appropriate option. 121. Proteins can
i.e. fibrous proteins
9 Only I b) Both I and II basis of their molecular shape
of fibrous
) Only II (d) None of these and globular proteins. Examples
proteins are
Lonsider the following statments about the amino II. keratin
I. insulin
Eids IV.myosin
II. albumin
sweet taste.
Glycine is so named because of its Select the correct option.
can be represented by
3-letter symbol.
led LAminoacids I and II
(b) II andIV
the (a)
In zwitter ionic form amino acids shows (d) I and II
(c) III andI
amphoteric behaviour. is.
H,N-(CH2)4-CH-COOH
0OSe the corect statements and mark the correct 122. Lysine,
phon. NH2
en 9 Only I i (b) Both II and II
9 Both I and III are correct I. O-amino acid
(d) All statements
Taider the following amino acids. II. basic amino acid
III. amino acid synthesised
in body
Histidine II. Proline IV. B-amino acid
Threonine IV. Aspartic acid
Select the option with
correct properties about lysine.
1 the essential amino acid(s) from the above
I and II b) II and III
inoacid and choose the appropriate option. (a)
(d) IV and I
(c) IlI andIV
l and Il (b) I and IV
) land III
(d) I and I
400 Master The NCERT CHEMISTRY Vol-II

129. Assertion (A) Glucose does not form the hydro0

rogen
123. Consider the following statements.
bisulphite addition product.
I. Tripeptide contains three amino acids linked by Reason (R) Glucose is not so reactive to form the
three peptide linkage.
product with NaHSO
II. In B-pleated sheet structure all peptide chain after
maxiim extension laid side by side and are held 130. Assertion (A) D-(+)-glucose is dextrorotatory in nature,
together by intramolecular H-bonds. Reason (R) 'D' represents its dextrorotatory nature,
II. The tertiary structure of proteins arises due to
131. Assertion (A) Sucrose is laevorotatory.
further folding of the secondary structure.
Reason (R) Sucrose on hydrolysis gives
Select the correct statements and mark the correct
dextrorotatory glucose (+52.5) and laevorotation of
option.
(a) Only I (b) Only III fructose(-92.4°).
( ) I Iand II (d) None of these 132. Assertion (A) Sucrose is called an invert sugar.
124. Consider the following statements regarding vitamins. Reason (R) On hydrolysis, sucrose bring the
I. Vitamins are the organic compounds required in change in the sign of rotation from dextro (+) to
small amounts in the diet but their deficiency laevo.
causes specific disease. 133. Assertion (A)B-glycosidic linkage is present in maltose
II. Vitamins cannot be synthesised by plant but our Reason (R) Maltose is composed of two glucose units
body can synthesise them. in which C-1 of one glucose unit is linked to C-4 of
II. Vitamins are necessary to perform the specific another glucose unit. | 14
biological functions for the normal maintenance of
optimum growth and health of the organism. 134. Assertion (A) AcO-Ç-H
Select the false statement about the vitamins and H -OAc
choose the correct option. AcO -OH O
(a) Only I (b) Only II
H- OAc
(c) I and II (d) II and III
H-
CH,OAc
III. Assertion-Reason Type Questions This compound does not form oxime.
Directions (Q. Nos. 125-148) In thefollowing Reason (R) Glucose pentaacetate doesn't have a free
questions a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a -OH group at C1 and so can't be converted to the
14
statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct open chain form to give CHO group and hence
answer out of the following choices. doesn't fom the oxime.
(a) Both A and R are correct; R is the correct explanation
of A. 135. Assertion (A) Cellulose is not digestable in the
(b) Both A and R are correct; R is not the correct human body.
explanation of A. Reason (R) The human system contain cellulose
145
) A is correct but R is incorect. enzyme which hydrolyse cellulose into glucose.
(d) R is correct but A is incorect.
136. Assertion (A) Amino acids react with acid and base
125. Assertion (A) Acetic acid is a carbohydrate. both.
Reason (R) Acetic acid fits into general formula of Reason (R) In Zwitter ionic form, amino acids shoW
146
carbohydrate, i.e. C. (H,O),. the amphoteric behaviour.
126. Assertion (A) Rhamnose is not a carbohydrate. 137. Assertion (A) All naturally occurring a-amino acids
Reason (R) Rhamnose does not fit into the general except glycine are optically active.
formula of carbohydrate i.e., C, (H,O), (R) Most naturally occurring amino acids
Reason
have L-configuration.
127. Assertion (A) Oligosaccharides are classified as | L47
disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides. 138. Assertion (A) a-helix structure of proteins is in ne
Reason (R) It depends upon the number of shape of right handed screw.
monosaccharides produced on hydrolysis. Reason (R) There is hydrogen bond between the
128. Assertion (A) Glucose on acetylation gives NH group of each amino acid to the 0ofan
pentaacetate.
Reason (R) It contains five-OH group. adjacent turn of the helix.
 CHAPTER 14: Biomolecules 401

Assertion (A) 1There is the coagulation of egg white 148. Assertion (A) Fresh tomatoes are better source of
on boiling.
vitamin C than those which have been stored for
Denaturation of protein is occur when its sometime.
Reason (R)
nativeform issubjectedito physical change or Reason (R) On prolonged exposure to air, vitamin C
chemical change. is destroyed due to aerial oxidation.
Activation
energy for the acid
Asertion (A) IV. Matching Type Questions
sucrose is 6.22 kJ mol-1
catalysed hydrolysis of 149. Match the Column I with their names given in the
while the
only 2.15 kJ mol-!
activation energy is
Column II and select the correct option from the
When hydrolysis is catalysed by the enzyme sucrose. codes given below.
the biocatalysts, reduce the
Reason (R) Enzymes Column II
activation energy by providing the Column I
magnitude of of sucrose the
alternative path. In the hydrolysis A. a-D-+)-glucopyranose 1.
reduces the activation energy from
enzyme sucrose
to 2.15 kJ mol
6.22 kJ mol
In the presence of enzyme,
41. Assertion (A)
molecule can be attacked the
by reagent
CH2OH
substrate
B. B-D-(+)-glucopyranose 2.
-H
effectively.
sites of enzymes hold the NOH
Reason (R) Active HO 2/OH
a suitable position.
its substrate molecule in H OH

(A) The tem vitamine is replaced by

142. Assertion CH2OH
vitamin now a days. H 0OH
H
Reason (R) Vitamine came
from the word, vital + C. Pyran 3
KOH
of them did not
amine and it was identified that most HO
contain amino groups. H OH
K are stored in
143.Assertion (A) Vitamins A, D, E and
liver and adipose tissue.
soluble in
Reason (R) Vitamins A, D, E and K are

fats and oils.

Codes
ee Vitamins B and C must be supplied B C
I14.Assertion (A) A B C A
4
regularly in the diet. 2 1 b) 3
(a)
Reason (R) Vitamins B and C are soluble in (c) 2 4 (d) 3
excreted through urine and
readily in
150. Match the following Column I with product given
water which are
cannot be stored (except vitamin B2) in our body. from the
the Column II and select the correct option
45Assertion (A) The two strands of DNA are codes given below.
complementary to each others. Column I Column III

Reason (R) Adenine forms hydrogen bonds with CHO COOH

se guanine and thymine forms hydrogen bonds with NHOH
cytosine.
A. (CHOH), 1. (CHOH),
146.Assertion(A) When RNA is hydrolysed, there is no CH,OH CH,OH
different bases
relationship among the quantities of ÇHO CH-NOH
is obtained.
B. (CHOH),CN
2 (CHOH)
Keason (R) RNA molecules are of three types and
they perform different functions. CH,OH CH,OH
the
ASSertion (A) DNA is responsible for maintaining ÇHO CH
CN

Identity of different species of organisms over C. (CHOH)

Br, water OH
millions of years. 3.
Keason (R) DNA molecule is capable of CHOH (CHOH)
n Ouplication during cell division and identical CHOH
DNA strands are transferred to daughter cell.
402 Master The NCERT CHEMISTRY Vol-II

Codes Codes
A B C D
A B C A B C
(a) 1
(a)1 2 3 (b) 1 3 2 E.
(c) 2 3 (b) 2
(d) 2 1
(c) 1
151. Match the following amino acid in Column I with (d) 2
their characteristic feature of side chain given in the
153. Match the following enzymes given in Column I with
Column II and select the appropriate option from the CO
codes given below. the reactions they catalyse given in Column II and elect
the correct option from the codes given below.
Column I Column II (3
Column I Column II
COOH (Enzymes) (Reactions)
HN- A. Invertase 1. Decomposition of urea into NH, and
A. Asparagine (Asn, N) 1.
(d
CO
B. Maltase 2. Conversion of glucose into ethyl 5, Ma-
alcohol. defr
B. Proline (Pro, P) 2. HOOC-CH CH,= C. Pepsin 3. Hydrolysis of maltose into glucose.
Co
C. Glutamic acid (Glu, E) 3. HO-CH D. Urease 4 Hydrolysis of cane sugar. Co
D. Serine (Ser, S) 4. H,N-cOCH, E. Zymase 5. Hydrolysis of proteins into peptides. A.
Codes Codes B.
A B D A B C D E
C.
(a) 4 3 (a) 4
(b) 4 1 3 (b) 4 1
D.
(c) 4 1 2 (c) 4
(d) 4 1 3 (d) 4 E
Co
152. Match the following structure of haemoglobin given in 154. Match the following structure of base given in
the Column I with their names specified in Column II Column I with their name given in the Column II and
and select the option from the codes given below. select the correct option from the codes given below.
Column I Column II Column II Column II C
NH2 (d)

A.
1. Primary structure
HC
1. Thymine (T) V.Pas
CH Direc
disacchc
NH2

B. 2. Secondary structure B. HC 2. Guanine (G)

HC

The
HC stru
C. NH 3. Cytosine (C)
C. 3. Tertiary structure the
HC.
56..WH
(a)

D. 4. Quaternary structure
D. H 4 Uracil (U)
157. Ide
H c

disa
NH2 (a)
(6)
d)
 Ye CHAPTER 14: Biomolecules 403

Directions (Q. Nos. 158-161) Considerthe

following two structures carefully.
NH 5. Adenine (A)
E CH,OH CH,OH CH,OH 60
HC o
-oOH HoAOH HoOH Ho-
Codes
B H OH H OH OH
A a-link
ct a-link
3 2

b) 3
CH2OH CH2OH
2 -O H
()5
3 H H
given in Column I with their 0OH HLoOH
t Match the vitamins in Column II and select the
a-link
deficiency disease given H OH H HO O
from the codes given below.
corect option a-Link
Column II (Diseases) Branch at C6
Column I (Vitamins)

A.Vitamin B2
1. Increased blood clotting time CH2OH CH2 CH2OH
B. Vitamin C 2 Pernicious anaemia OH
C. Vitamin D 3. Increased fragility of RBCs
and muscular weakness oOH HLoNOH HLoOH Ho
H OH H OH
D. Vitamin E Scurvy OH
a-link a-link
5. Rickets and Osteomalacia
EVitaminK
above structures.
Codes Following questions are based upon
then mark the
A B C D Study the structure carefully and
4
correct option of followed questions.
(a) 2
and II
6) 2 4 158. The given structures of polysacchride I
(c) 2 5 respectively are
(d) 1 2 (a) amylose and amylopectin
(b) amylose and cellulose
W.Passage Based Questions (c) cellulose and amylopectin
(d) amylopectin and glycogen
Directions (Q. Nos. 156-157) The structure ofa
constitutes the starch.
ocharide is given below. 159. Name the components that
Maltose and amylose
(a) Amylose and amylopectin (b)
CH,OH CH,OH (c) Maltose and amylopectin (d) Only amylose
HO
H
0 H 15 OOH20 160. Which of the following
statements is/are correct about

NOH H O OH given structure 1?

(a) It is soluble in water
H
OH OH 10 (b) It constitutes about 15-20% of starch
-D-(+)-glucose units are held
structure a
Ihe following questions are based upon above (c) In the given
the structure carefully and then mark by C-1-C-4 -glycosidic linkage
Sruchure. Study (d) All statements are correct
the correct option of followed questions
statements is/are correct about
%. What is the name of the above disaccharide? STE 161. Which of the following
given structure I1?
a)Sucrose (b) Maltose
branched chain polymer of a-D- glucose
unit in
(a) It is
C)Lactose (d) Talose
which chain is formed by C1-C4 glycosidic linkage,
17. occurs by C1-C6 glycosidic linkage
Identify the correct statement for the above whereas branching
disaccharide. (b) It constitute 85% of starch
of B-D-glucose The above polysaccharide is amylopectin
oIofB-D- galactose is linked with C-4 (c)
01 ofB-D-galactose is linked with C4 of a-D-glucose (d) All of the above
o f a-D-glucose is linked with C4 of B-D-glactose
C-1 ofB-D-glucose is linked with C-4 ofB-D-glucose
404 Master The NCERT CHEMISTRY Vol-II

173. 1
NCERT & NCERT Exemplar Questions
NCERT 167. What type of bonding helps in stabilising the a-heliv
162. Classify the following into monosaccharides and structure of proteins?
disaccharides. (a) Intramolecular hydrogen bonding between> C=O and
Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, maltose, galactose, fructose >N-Hgroups ofspecific pair of bases
and lactose. (b) Intramolecular hydrogen bonding between> C=0
and> NHgroups
(a) Monosaccharides Maltose, ribose, galactose, fructose
Disaccharides Lactose, 2-deoxyribose (c) Intramolecular hydrogen bonding between> C=Oand
(b) Monosaccharides Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, >N-Hgroups of any pair of bases
galactose, (d) None of the above
fructose
Disaccharides Maltose and lactose 168. What are the different types of RNA found in
(c) Monosaccharides Ribose and fructose the
cel1?
Disaccharides 2-deoxyribose, galactose, maltose and (a) Primary RNA, secondary RNA, tertiary RNA
lactose
(b) Messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA
(d) Monosaccharides:-Ribose, 1lactose and fructose
(c) Cytosine RNA, nucleoside RNA, nucleotide RNA
Disaccharides 2-deoxyribose, galactose and maltose
(d) Messenger RNA, translational RNA, structural RNA
163. What are the hydrolysis products of () sucrose and
i) lactose?
(a)
NCERT Exemplar
)D-(+)-glucose; (i) B-D galactose
(b) )D-)-fructose; (i) B-D-glucose 169. Glycogen is a branched chain polymer of a-D-glucose
units in which chain is formed by Cl-C4
glycosidic
(c) )D-(+)- glucose and D-(-) fructose linkage, where as branching occurs by the formation
(ii) B-D-galactose and B-D-glucose of C1-C6 glycosidic linkage. Structure of
similar to
glycogen
is
(d) )D-(+)-galactose and D-(O
fructose (a) amylose
i) B-D-glucose and B-D-glucose
164. What do you understand (b) amylopectin
by the term glycosidic (c) cellulose
linkage? (d) glucose
(a) It is a linkage between two monosaccharide units
through oxygen atom 170. Which of the
It is
following polymer is stored in the liver
(b) a linkage between two disaccharide units through of animals?
sulphur atom (a) Amylose
(c) It is a
linkage between two monosaccharide units (b) Cellulose
through carbon atom 174.
(d) It is a linkage between two disaccharide units
(C)Amylopectin
carbon atom through (d) Glycogen
171. Which of the
165. What is the basic structural
difference between starch following statements is not true about
and cellulose? glucose?
(a) It is an aldohexose
(a) Both have different nature of glucose molecules
(b) Both have different nature of fructose (b) On heating with HI it forms n-hexane
molecules (c) It is present in furanose form
(c) Starch consist of glucose molecules and
cellulose
consists of fructose molecules (d) It does not give 2, 4-DNP test
(d) Starch consist of fructose molecules and 172.
consists of glucose molecules cellulose Which of the following reactions of glucose can b
166. What are the two common
explained only by its cyclic structure?
types of secondary? (a) Glucose forms
(a) a-helix and B-pleated structure pentaacetate
(6) Glucose reacts with
(b) B-helix and a-pleated structure
() Pentaacetate of
hydroxylamine to form an
(c) Fibrous and globular structure glucose does not react witn
(d) Fibrous and non-fibrous structure hydroxyl amine
(d) Glucose is oxidised
by nitric acid to gluconic ac
 CHAPTER 14: Biomolecules 405

charides, ift reducing groups of

la
nosaccharides,
i.e, ehydic or ketonic groups are H OH HO H

d these are non-reducing sugars, Which of the (c) H- OH H OH

disaccharid is a non-reducing sugar? HO- -HHO- -H
following
H- OH
H OH
X
CHOH CHOH
H
nd O H H
H
H H CHOH CH2OH

0 OH H 0- OH H- OH HO H
OH
HO
nd OH
(d) H- OH HO- H

H
OH 1gto ouin H HO- -H H OH

-OH | HO- -H
CH OH H
H- H
-O H HOH2C H CHOH CH2OH
)OH
HO
H H OH/CHOH 175. Sucrose (cane sugar) is a disaccharide.
of sucrose on hydrolysis gives
One molecule

(a) 2 molecules of glucose

H OH OH H 1 molecule of fructose
(b) 2 molecules of glucose +
CHOH +1 molecule of fructose
CHOH (c) 1 molecule of glucose
OH (d) 2 molecules of fructose
HO by glucose and
Ose O. 176. 18 structure of disaccharide formed
anomeric
0 OH OH fructose is given below. Identify
units.
n H carbon atoms in monosaccharide

IS H OH 8
H OH CH,OH a
CHOH H
CHOH H HOHC
H
HO
/H
O
H OH
OH H 0- H HO/CH,OH
o OH H HO
OH H
H H
er H H OH OH H

H OH and carbon of fructose

H OH (a) a carbon of glucose
a

and e carbon of fructose

(b) a carbon of glucose
IWhich ofthe following pairs represents anomers? (c) a carbon of glucose
and b carbon of fructose
and fcarbon of fructose
CHO CHO (d) fcarbon of glucose
given below in which
two
H -OH HO 177. Three structures are
linked. Which of these linkages
0)HO H HO- - H
glucose units are and Ca and
are between C
OH H- OH between glucose units
H and C6?
- OH which are between
linkages C
H OH H CHOH
CHOH CHOH CHOH
CHO CHO H -OOH

.
H- -OH H0- H H
OH H/H OH H H
) HO H - OH
HO
OH
OH HO- H OH
H OH HO- H
CHOH CH2OH
406 Master The NCERT CHEMISTRY Vol-II

178. Proteins are found to have two different types of

CHOH
secondary structures viz C-helix and -pleated sheet
structure. a-helix structure of protein is stabilised h
OH H (a) peptide bonds (b) van der Waals' forces
OH (c) hydrogen bonds (d) dipole-dipole interactions
H OH
179. Each polypeptide in a protein has amino acids linked
CH2 with each other in a specific sequence. This sequence
of amino acids is said to be
(a) primary structure of proteins
OH (b) secondary structure of proteins
OH
(c) tertiary structure of proteins
OH (d) quaternary structure of proteins
Gi)
CHOH 180. Which of the following acids is a vitamin?
O. (a) Aspartic acid (b) Ascorbic acid
OH
H (c) Adipic acid (d) Saccharic acid
CHOH OH H 181. Which of the following B group vitamins can be
H
stored in our body?
H OH (a) Vitamin B (b) Vitamin B
(c) Vitamin B6 (d) Vitamin B2
OH H H
182. DNA and RNA contain four bases each. Which of the
following bases is not present in RNA?
H OH anr (a) Adenine (b) Uracil
(iii)
(a) A is between C1 and C4, B and C are between Cl and C6
(c)Thymine (d) Cytosine
(b) A and B are between Cl and C4, C is between Cl and C6 183. Which of the following bases is not present in DNA?
(c) A and C are between Cl and C4, B is between Cl and C6 (a) Adenine (b) Thymine
(d) A and Care between Cl and C6, B is between C and C (c) Cytosine (d) Uracil

OH
 Answers
et 0 2)3(b)
(0) 3 (6) (b) 5 (a) 6 (0)
4. (6) 7 (6) 8. (c) 9. (b)10 (0) 11 (d) 12 (a) 13. (d) 14 (b) 15. (d)
by )18.
10 17. (C)
(6) 18 (0) 19. (D) 20.(0) 21. (b) 22 (d) 23. (a) 24. (a) 25. (b) 26. (c) 27. (b) 28. (b) 29. (c)30. (a)
9)
10 32 (6)
33. (b) 34. (a)
33. (b) 34. (a) 35. (0)36 () 37 () 38. (b)39. (a) 40. (b) 41 (b) 42 (d) 43. (b) 44.
l 48 50.
(b) 45. (0)
ons (C)
a0 47. (0) 48 (0) 49 49. (a)
(a) 50. (b)
(6) 51 (6)52. (b) 53. (c) 54 (a) 55. (a) 56. (c) 57. (b) 58. (d) 59. (b) 60 (a)
ed 062(a)63.
(a) 63. (d) 64. (a)
(d) 64 (a) 65 (6) 66. (d) 67. (d) 68. (a) 69. (d) 70. (c) 71 (a) 72. (b) 73. (b) 74. (a) 75.(a)
ce (d) 79 () 80.0) 81 (a) 82 (C) 83. (a)
1077(a) (a) 78.
78 (0) 84. (a) 85. () 86. (c) 87 (c) 88. (c) 89 (c)90. (d)
2
92 (0)
(0) 93. (d) 94.
94 (d)
(d) 95. (abc) 96. (abc) 97.(acd) 98. (cd) 99 abc 100. (ab) 101. (bd) 102. (ab) 103. (ac) 104. (ad) 105. (ab)
) 108. (ab) 109. 110
() () 111. (0) 112 (0) |113. (b) 114. (a) 115. (b) 116. (a) 117 (d) 118. (d) 119 (d) 120. (b)
122(a)123. 124. 125
(b) (6) (0) 126. () 127. (a) 128. (a) 129. (C) 130. (c) 131 (d) 132. (a) 133. (d) 134. (a) 135. (c)
197137 138. (a) 139. (a) 140.
() a) 141. (a) 142 (a) 143. (b) 144. (a) 145. () 146. (b) 147 (a) 148. (a) 149. (a) 150. (c)
1592 (a) 153 () 154. () 155. (b) 156. () 157. (a) |158. (a) 159 (a) 160. () 161 (d) 162. (b)
167.187 (a) 168. () 169 (6) 170 (d) 171. (C) 172 (C) 173. (b) 174 (C) 175.(c) 176. (C) 177 (C) 163.
(c) 164 (a) 165 (a)
178. (c) 179. (a) 180. (b)
0 (0)
182 183. (d)