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INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS 1
More often than not, Technopreneurship begins with the customer experience and
works backward to arrive at the technology to provide that customer experience.
Instagram, for example, was born out of the end-users feverish and narcissistic needs to
not only take pictures but also to share these pictures on a real-time basis. A
technopreneur constantly learns and improves, innovates and disrupts the workings of
people, organizations and nations as a whole. Today, if you don’t have the Facebook or
WhatsApp app on your phone, people would think of you as being a strange person –
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
SANTA MARIA, BULACAN CAMPUS
Km. 39, Sitio Gulod, Pulong Buhangin, Santa Maria, Bulacan
You could argue that no one had either app less than 5 years ago but you would still be
a strange person!
Now that the waters have been tested and the unlimited potential of technology to
address needs of customers has been indisputably established, technopreneurs world-
wide are pushing the frontiers of innovation. What we will see as the next big things
include game-changing technologies like:
These are areas where cutting-edge work is being done and you would do well to
hedge your bets in this area. Besides these, the earlier wave of technologies Cloud
Computing, Business or Digital Analytics (DA) including Business Intelligence (BABI) and
Big Data are still going strong.
What is Technopreneurship?
"Creating the NEW and destroying the OLD"
- new knowledge
- new products
- new processes
- new services
- new market
- new business
Entrepreneurship Ideas
If you're ready to run your own business, consider any of these great business
ideas
1. Consultant
2. Online reseller
3. Online teaching
4. Online bookkeeping
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
SANTA MARIA, BULACAN CAMPUS
Km. 39, Sitio Gulod, Pulong Buhangin, Santa Maria, Bulacan
What is Entrepreneurship?
- A way of thinking and acting that is opportunity obsessed, holistic in approach and
leadership balanced for the purpose of the wealth creation (Babson's Definition)
- Pursuit of opportunity without regard to the resources currently under one's control
(Stevenson)
(a) Personal satisfaction: Personal satisfaction means doing what you want and enjoy
with your life.
(b) Independence: Independence is freedom from control of others. You are able to use
your knowledge, skills and abilities as you see fit.
(c) Control of Profit and income: Profit is the amount of income left after all expenses
have been paid.
(d) Job security: you cannot be laid off, fired, or forced to retire at a certain age.
(e) Status: Status is a term used to describe a person’s social rank or position. Self-
employed persons receive attention and recognition trough customer contact and public
exposure.
(f) Flexibility: The only thing constant in life is change. Self-employment also gives the
individual the opportunity for innovation, creativity, experimentation and role playing as
employer, a leader or a resource person.
1.3.1 Entrepreneurship and Disadvantages of Entrepreneurship
1. Multiple roles and responsibilities
Even though your title may read “CEO” or “Founder,” you’ll really be using
multiple titles at once. Don’t expect to only work on sales or business
development- you’ll be juggling finances, legal, marketing, human resources, and
business admin work until your team gradually expands.
2. Work-life balance
Sure, entrepreneurs can work from anywhere at any time, but the
downside is that you’re pretty much working during most of your free time. That
might involve fielding sales calls in the evening, finishing up a SOW on the
weekends, or putting out fires while on vacation.
3. Self-motivation
Without a boss to keep you in line, discipline becomes a self-taught
responsibility. That may involve getting up early to work, helping team members
on a certain project, or holding meetings on holidays.
4. High risk
Starting a business is no walk in the park- there’s a lot of financial and
legal risk involved if you don’t do your homework. Businesses without a plan in
place to manage their finances risk ending their ventures prematurely.
have to build your business network from the ground up. That may be
challenging for those with little networking experience.
6. Building reputation
Building up a new brand can be one of the biggest challenges for a new
startup. Unless you have an innovative breakthrough on your hands, you’ll likely
have dozens of competitors that your target audience will already be more
familiar with.
7. Legal considerations
New businesses have to deal with a whole new set of laws, a challenge
that can be overwhelming without a lawyer. However, compliance is absolutely
mandatory- if your business doesn’t abide by industry codes, you may develop a
negative reputation, or eventually risk the threat of litigation.
8. Leadership
Entrepreneurs may struggle in their newfound leadership role, especially if
they have limited experience managing people or prioritizing activities. However,
there’s no need to panic – leadership skills can be learned and developed over
time.
9. Limited supplies/technology
Starting out, a new business won’t have all the amenities and supplies that
larger companies already have, including hardware such as computers, printers,
scanners, cameras. There is also the challenge of obtaining suitable and
effective software for CRM, conference calls, and other industry-relevant web
apps.
• Limitless Opportunities
The 21st-century is the age of information. Hence, if you have an idea, you could
easily obtain information about available opportunities to turn it into a business with just
one click. Plus, technological advancement has been in this generation’s DNA that it
comes as an anticipated reality rather than a shocking revelation. People expect new
technologies to emerge every day. They aspire to get things done fast and easy.
Technopreneurs only need to tap into this resource, think creatively, and turn the idea
into a successful business venture.
• Market Expansion
• Reduced Costs
• Access to Information
This is perhaps a no-brainer because we all know that technology is the reason
why we are living in the information age where loads of data are at our fingertips. Through
technopreneurship, businesses find it more efficient to store information, thereby,
retrieving information also becomes more efficient.
1. Identity needs
2. Build Products
3. Mitigate Risk
4. Take the Product to the Market
Entrepreneurship Technopreneurship
Is creative, and has a dream and goals Is innovative and have a great vision
Likes to work for himself or herself and Likes to be the one to control innovation
be in control and be part of an evolution
Is motivated by a strong desire to Is motivated by strong visions and
achieve and attain financial success his/her passion to innovate.
Focuses his/her attention on the Takes failure in stride and knows it will
chances of success rather than the lead to success is correction can be
possibility of failure made
1. Trading Entrepreneur:
As the name itself suggests, the trading entrepreneur undertake the trading
activities. They procure the finished products from the manufacturers and sell these to
the customers directly or through a retailer. These serve as the middlemen as
wholesalers, dealers, and retailers between the manufacturers and customers.
2. Manufacturing Entrepreneur:
The manufacturing entrepreneurs manufacture products. They identify the needs
of the customers and, then, explore the resources and technology to be used to
manufacture the products to satisfy the customers’ needs. In other words, the
manufacturing entrepreneurs convert raw materials into finished products.
3. Agricultural Entrepreneur:
The entrepreneurs who undertake agricultural pursuits are called agricultural
entrepreneurs. They cover a wide spectrum of agricultural activities like cultivation,
marketing of agricultural produce, irrigation, mechanization, and technology.
1. Technical Entrepreneur:
The entrepreneurs who establish and run science and technology-based industries
are called ‘technical entrepreneurs.’ Speaking alternatively, these are the entrepreneurs
who make use of science and technology in their enterprises. Expectedly, they use new
and innovative methods of production in their enterprises.
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
SANTA MARIA, BULACAN CAMPUS
Km. 39, Sitio Gulod, Pulong Buhangin, Santa Maria, Bulacan
2. Non-Technical Entrepreneur:
Based on the use of technology, the entrepreneurs who are not technical
entrepreneurs are non-technical entrepreneurs. The forte of their enterprises is not
science and technology. They are concerned with the use of alternative and imitative
methods of marketing and distribution strategies to make their business survive and thrive
in the competitive market.
Based on Ownership:
1. Private Entrepreneur:
A private entrepreneur is one who as an individual sets up a business enterprise.
He / she it’s the sole owner of the enterprise and bears the entire risk involved in it.
2. State Entrepreneur:
When the trading or industrial venture is undertaken by the State or the
Government, it is called ‘state entrepreneur.’
3. Joint Entrepreneurs
When a private entrepreneur and the Government jointly run a business enterprise,
it is called ‘joint entrepreneurs.’
Based on Gender:
1. Men Entrepreneurs:
When business enterprises are owned, managed, and controlled by men, these
are called ‘men entrepreneurs.’
2. Women Entrepreneurs:
Women entrepreneurs are defined as the enterprises owned and controlled by a
woman or women having a minimum financial interest of 51 per cent of the capital and
giving at least 51 per cent of employment generated in the enterprises to women.
1. Small-Scale Entrepreneur:
An entrepreneur who has made investment in plant and machinery up to Rs 1.00
crore is called ‘small-scale entrepreneur.’
2. Medium-Scale Entrepreneur:
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
SANTA MARIA, BULACAN CAMPUS
Km. 39, Sitio Gulod, Pulong Buhangin, Santa Maria, Bulacan
The entrepreneur who has made investment in plant and machinery above Rs 1.00
crore but below Rs 5.00 crore is called ‘medium-scale entrepreneur.’
3. Large-Scale entrepreneur:
The entrepreneur who has made investment in plant and machinery more than Rs
5.00 crore is called ‘large-scale entrepreneur.’
Clarence Danhof (1949), on the basis of his study of the American Agriculture,
classified entrepreneurs in the manner that at the initial stage of economic development,
entrepreneurs have less initiative and drive and as economic development proceeds, they
become more innovating and enthusiastic.
1. Innovating Entrepreneurs:
Innovating entrepreneurs are one who introduce new goods, inaugurate new
method of production, discover new market and reorganize the enterprise. It is important
to note that such entrepreneurs can work only when a certain level of development is
already achieved, and people look forward to change and improvement.
2. Imitative Entrepreneurs:
These are characterized by readiness to adopt successful innovations inaugurated
by innovating entrepreneurs. Imitative entrepreneurs do not innovate the changes
themselves; they only imitate techniques and technology innovated by others. Such types
of entrepreneurs are particularly suitable for the underdeveloped regions for bringing a
mushroom drive of imitation of new combinations of factors of production already
available in developed regions.
3. Fabian Entrepreneurs:
Fabian entrepreneurs are characterized by very great caution and skepticism in
experimenting any change in their enterprises. They imitate only when it becomes
perfectly clear that failure to do so would result in a loss of the relative position in the
enterprise.
4. Drone Entrepreneurs:
These are characterized by a refusal to adopt opportunities to make changes in
production formulae even at the cost of severely reduced returns relative to other like
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
SANTA MARIA, BULACAN CAMPUS
Km. 39, Sitio Gulod, Pulong Buhangin, Santa Maria, Bulacan
producers. Such entrepreneurs may even suffer from losses but they are not ready to
make changes in their existing production methods.
Following are some more types of entrepreneurs listed by some other behavioural
scientists:
1. Solo Operators:
These are the entrepreneurs who essentially work alone and, if needed at all,
employ a few employees. In the beginning, most of the entrepreneurs start their
enterprises like them.
2. Active Partners:
Active partners are those entrepreneurs who start/ carry on an enterprise as a joint
venture. It is important that all of them actively participate in the operations of the
business. Entrepreneurs who only contribute funds to the enterprise but do not actively
participate in business activity are called simply ‘partners.
3. Inventors:
Such entrepreneurs with their competence and inventiveness invent new products.
Their basic interest lies in research and innovative activities.
4. Challengers:
These are the entrepreneurs who plunge into industry because of the challenges
it presents. When one challenge seems to be met, they begin to look for new challenges.
5. Buyers:
These are those entrepreneurs who do not like to bear much risk. Hence, in order
to reduce risk involved in setting up a new enterprise, they like to buy the ongoing one.
6. Life-Timers:
These entrepreneurs take business as an integral part to their life. Usually, the
family enterprise and businesses which mainly depend on exercise of personal skill fall in
this type/category of entrepreneurs.
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
SANTA MARIA, BULACAN CAMPUS
Km. 39, Sitio Gulod, Pulong Buhangin, Santa Maria, Bulacan
The second one is Self-confidence, although our professor did not discuss the
second up to 14th characteristic, but I still want to share and express the thoughts I have
with those characteristics. The second is the characteristic, which our professor wants
that everyone should possess. Back to our first meeting he already said that we are
molded to become “bagagnawng”, so it’s expected that in the end of the day, we will
acquire that. The third characteristic is Builds for the future, as for me this characteristic
means adoptable to change. As a technopreneur, we are made to change the future, so
you should consider the possibility of the future. You should handle and adopt to changes.
The fourth one, is the Profit-Oriented, being a technopreneur, you should be a business
minded, you should be aware of marketing strategies or techniques to acquire profits and
financial gains base from your ideas. The fifth one is Goal-oriented, an individual who do
their best just to finish and do better on their task. Every Technopreneurs, should be goal-
oriented which means responsible enough to complete and accomplish their task that
would end in a good result. The sixth characteristic is Persistent, despite of strenuous
and difficulty you should be positive enough to finish and accomplish the task or any
situation that affects your business. You should not be weak mentally and physically, think
of a future as a success and do the best to make it. The seventh one is Respond to
Feedback, as a businessman you should handle and operate criticism. Criticism or
feedback is also one of the sources of your flaws, if you have many negative feedbacks
it also means you have many things to improve on. As a Technopreneurs, you should
take notes of the feedback given to you or on your team, think it as an inspiration to do
better and make it more preferable to create advantages. The eighth one is Demonstrate
Initiative, for me it means you should have savvy approach in deciding things, you should
have a better strategy to solve difficulty and ameliorate the situations. You should be
knowledgeable with a lifelong learning attitude, learn from every situation. The ninth one
is Willing to Listen, in business you should not be boastful to your team and workers,
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
SANTA MARIA, BULACAN CAMPUS
Km. 39, Sitio Gulod, Pulong Buhangin, Santa Maria, Bulacan
you should have the personality that willing listen to their ideas and suggestion, do not
think of yourself as a superior but you should be a someone who knows to listen and pay
attention, and always ready to hear something new.
The tenth one is a someone who Set his own Standard, a characteristic that
denotes a good quality in every situation. Technopreneurs is not someone who is
contented in a simple and average thing, setting own standard means leveling up from
simple into advantageous thinking. The eleventh one is Copes with uncertainty, a
characteristic that knows how to take measures and deal with uncertainty just problems
or changes. Someone who knows is calculated in every situation it may be good or bad.
The twelve one is Committed, a characteristic that is committed to fulfill a task or contract,
you are devoted into something and doing the best you have to accomplish it. The thirtieth
characteristic is Build on Strength, you are someone who is qualified to be called strong,
both physically and mentally, you have the quality of toughness on any situation even
with a great force of pressure, you can handle a great amount of weight and can
manipulate it naturally. The fourteenth attribute is Reliable and has Integrity, an every
individual should possess, as a great individual who can change the future you should
have a nature that is reliable, you should know how to handle trust and have the
confidence to maintain it. With integrity that knows how to be respect individuals, you are
truthful enough to show your feelings, viewpoints and intentions.
The last characteristic that a good Technopreneur should have is being a Risk-
Taker. One of the examples of our professor is a person who owns more than one team
in Philippine Basketball Association. He’s is one of the example to demonstrate what risk
taker means. Why it called it risk? It is because it takes a million of money to own a team
in PBA, but he insist to do so. But the good thing behind it, is that he only increase his
chance of winning the championship because of higher probability. Risk taker doesn’t
always mean you are going to take a way that is dangerous, but it should be something
that is already calculated, risking something but there should be something in return, a
big return. As a student, we are trained and develop to have these kind characteristics.
Technopreneurs is not as easy as you think, but it is a great and huge responsibility, not
only it requires talent but also require many things. Trained to change the future.
Know your Product-A company owner should know the product offerings and
also be aware of the latest trend in the market. It is essential to know if the available
product or service meets the demands of the current market, or whether it is time to tweak
it a little. Being able to be accountable and then alter as needed is a vital part of
entrepreneurship.
It gets a ‘regular’ entrepreneur into a more focused niche – technology. It’s about
revolves around technology and things technical. Anything that gets out from this domain
For example, Bill Gates, Sergey Brin and Larry Page are technopreneurs. In our
which industry.
However, if you think about technopreneur you can adapt a useful analogy to
populate very specific terms which may sound like a profession. Of course, it could be a
fashionpreneur, finanpreneur, enerpreneur, retailpreneur. It’s way easier to use
entrepreneur who works in fashion, finance, energy or retail industries.
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ASSESSMENT 1
1. In your own understanding define Technopreneurship?
2. What are the Importance of Technopreneurship, explain each one?
3. Using the Venn Diagram, compare and contrast the Entrepreneurship vs.
Technopreneurship
4. What are the Types of entrepreneurship, give example?
5. What are the characteristics of Entrepreneurship and Technopreneurship, explain
each one?
6. What makes entrepreneur a Technopreneur, comprehensively explain it?
7.Please read the Most Inspiring Techno Entrepreneurs in the Philippines
https://aboutmyrecovery.com/most-inspiring-techno-entrepreneurs-in-the-philippines/
References
from https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.entrepreneur.com/amphtml/314142
https://byjus.com/
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
SANTA MARIA, BULACAN CAMPUS
Km. 39, Sitio Gulod, Pulong Buhangin, Santa Maria, Bulacan
commerce/what-is-entrepreneurship/
amp/s/rendell756719581.wordpress.com/2018/03/09/characteristics-of-
technopreneurs/
amp/
net/publication/339227487_The_Explainer_Technopreneurship
yourarticlelibrary.com/entrepreneur/top-10-types-of-entrepreneurs-
explained/40648