ISSN: 0011-9342 | Year 2021

Design Engineering Issue: 9 | Pages: 933 - 940

On Comparison of Idle Times of Queuing

Models with an Unreliable Server in
Intuitionistic and Interval Valued Fuzzy
Environment
S. Chandrasekaran1, Bindu Kumari V.R.2
1
Assistant Professor, P.G. & Research Department of Mathematics, Pachaiyappa’s College,
Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai.
Email ID : chandra51071@gmail.com, chandra51071@yahoo.com
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, St.Thomas College of Arts and Science,
Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai.

Abstract:
In this paper, a queuing model with an unreliable server is considered in a fuzzy environment.
The arrival rate, service rate, breakdown rate and repair rate are taken as trapezoidal fuzzy
numbers, trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers and interval valued trapezoidal fuzzy numbers.
A numerical example is given showing the proposed approach. The idle times of the server in
each of the above cases are computed and compared. The interval valued fuzzy case provides a
lesser idle time and hence preferred.

Keywords: Trapezoidal fuzzy number, Trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy number and Interval
valued Trapezoidal fuzzy number.

1. INTRODUCTION
In most of the queuing models, the server will not be operational always leading to
interruption of services. The reason for interruption of service may be breakdown of service
unknowingly or knowingly (During weekends and holidays, there may be scheduled breakdown
of services). W. Li., et.al [9] analyzed the reliability of M/G/1 queuing systems with server
breakdowns. K.Wanget.al [17] discussed finite and infinite M/Hk/1 queuing systems with
non-reliable server. Gurukajan and Srinivasan [5] analysed a complex two unit queuing system
with random breakdown of repair facility. In our daily life, we are often faced with uncertainty

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and vagueness which may lead to misleading results. Fuzzy theory tackles such type of
situations. Zadeh [20] introduced the concept of fuzzy sets and ever since its inception many
applications of fuzzy theory appear in all fields of research. Atassonov [1] introduced an
intuitionistic fuzzy set which consists of both membership and non membership functions in
contrast with fuzzy sets which consist only the membership function. Fuzzy numbers play an
important role in optimization problems with vague parameters. Several defuzzification and
ranking measures appear in the literature for Fuzzy numbers, Intuitionistic fuzzy numbers and
interval valued fuzzy numbers.
A method for the ranking of the fuzzy numbers is given by the Kaufman and Gupta [7].
A subjective method for the ranking of the fuzzy numbers is given by Campos and Gonzalez [2].
Further Liou and Wang [10] proposed a ranking method which was based on the integral value
index. Another ranking method was presented by Cheng [3] which was based on the distance
method. Interestingly, the overall possibility distributions of the fuzzy numbers were considered
in their evaluation by Kwang and Lee [8], on the basis of which they proposed a ranking method.
A ranking method was proposed by Modarres and Nezhad [11] which was dependent upon the
preference function that evaluates the fuzzy numbers on a point by point basis and at every point
the most preferred number is determined. Xiang-tian et.al [19] found a value and ambiguity based
ranking method of trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers and applied the same to decision
making. Pramila and Uthra [12] proposed a method to find an optimal solution of an intuitionistic
fuzzy transportation problem using average high ranking formula for triangular intuitionistic
fuzzy number. Hassan MishmasNehi [6] proposed a new ranking method for intuitionistic fuzzy
numbers. In May 1975, Sambuc [13] presented in his doctoral research, the concept of interval
valued fuzzy set named a fuzzy set. Interesting applications of Interval valued fuzzy sets were
discussed by Gorzlczany [4] and Turksen [15]. Wang and Li [16] defined interval valued fuzzy
number and gave their extended operations. Shunmugapriya and Uthra [14] proposed the ranking
of various types of interval valued fuzzy numbers. Wang [18] proposed a ranking of triangular
interval-valued fuzzy numbers based on the relative preference relation.
This paper is organized as follows: Section 2 consists of the basic definitions of fuzzy
theory. Section 3 presents a queuing model with unreliable server. Numerical example showing
the proposed approach is presented in section – 4 followed by conclusion.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1 Fuzzy Set

Let A be a classical set, be a function from A to [0,1]. A fuzzy set A with the membership
function is defined as A={(x, : x ϵ A} and ϵ [0.1].

2.2 Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set

Let X be a given set. An Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set B in X is given by,

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B ={(x, , ) | x ϵ X} where : X→[0,1],

where is the degree of membership of the element x in B an, is the degree of non
membership of x in B and0≤ + ≤ 1.
For each x ϵ X, =1- - is the degree of hesitation.

2.3 Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number (TrFN)

A fuzzy number T is a Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number denoted by where
are real numbers and its membership function is given below

2.4 Trapezoidal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Number (TrIFN)_

A fuzzy number is a TrIFN with parameters denoted by
T= In this case the membership and non membership function of the
trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy number are as follows.

2.5 Interval Valued Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number (IVTrFN)

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An Interval valued Trapezoidal fuzzy number on R is given by

and for all

Let where are the trapezoidal

fuzzy numbers such that .

3. QUEUING MODEL WITH UNRELIABLE SERVER

Queuing models can be broadly classified into two groups namely the group describing
the actual events and the group providing the optimum view point about what should be aspired.
The descriptive models provide the average measures and the probabilities relating to the
performance measures of the system. The second categories of models are used to estimate the
different parameters which can be used to optimize the models. In general, the basic system of
queuing consists of organized queues and the units are served according to their arrival. In most
of the cases waiting discipline can be seen, but there are cases in which certain units are given
priority to get serviced first. In the Priority model the urgent tasks are performed first that the
other tasks and the main clients are given special preferences.
Numerous contributions appear in the literature for queuing models whose cost
coefficients, arrival and service pattern are known precisely. When these parameters are not
precise, the application of fuzzy set theory becomes inevitable. Let us consider a fuzzy queuing
system with unreliable server and two types of breakdown of the system. The first case is the
breakdown of the system when there are no customers in the system. The second case is the
breakdown of the system when there is at least one customer present in the system.
Let us consider a single server facility where arrivals follow Poisson process with fuzzy
~
arrival rate  . Let us assume that the service time follows exponential distribution with fuzzy
~
service rate ~ . Let ~ be the fuzzy breakdown rate of the server and  be the fuzzy repair rate.
~ ~
Let the membership functions of  , ~ , ~ ,  be expressed as ~ ( x),~ ( y),~ (s),~ (t )
respectively.
Thus we have the following fuzzy sets:
~
  {( x, ~ ( x)) / x  X }
~  {( y, ~ ( y)) / y Y }


~  {( s, ~ ( s)) / s  S}
~
  {(t , ~ (t )) / t  T }

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Here X, Y, S and T are crisp universal sets of arrival rate, service rate, breakdown rate and repair
rate respectively. Let f (x, y, s, t) represent the characteristics of the system. Let us assume that
the membership function of the expected idle time for which the system will remain idle in the
~ ~
Case- I and Case- II breakdowns be expressed as A and B given by
~ ty  x( s  t )
A  f ( x, y , s , t ) 
y(s  t )
~ ty  x( s  t )
B  f ( x, y , s , t ) 
ty
ty  x( s  t ) ty  x( s  t )
When steady state conditions prevail, 0   1 and 0  1.
y(s  t ) ty
The fuzzy numbers are defuzzified into crisp ones by ranking measures which are given by
a1  a2  a3  a4
r ( A) 
4
Where (a1, a2, a3, a4) is a TFN
a1  a1'  2a2  2a3  a4  a 4'
r ( A) 
8
Where (a1′ a1, a2, a3, a4, a4′) is a TrIFN
with t1 = a1, t2 = s2 = a2, t3 = s3 = a3, t4 = a4, s1 = a1′, s4 = a4′.

is a IVTrFN.

4. EXAMPLE
Arrivals at a cinema theatre are considered where the customers use a single channel reservation
counter. Arrivals follow Poisson process and due to problems arising in the computer, server or
printer there may be interruption in the services. The time of recovery of the problems caused
due to interruption follows exponential distribution. The reservation process resumes again when
the problem gets solved. The management wants to find the number of hours the facility has
been idle during the process. The arrival rate ranges from 2 to 7 per hour, service rate ranges
from 12 to 20 per hour, the breakdown rate ranges from 0.05 to 0.5 per hour and the repair rate
ranges from 2 to 6 per hour.
Solution
As the values are not crisp the problem is solved under fuzzy environment. The values are taken
as TrFN, TrIFN and IVTrFN and the idle times are compared.
Arrival, Service, Breakdown and Repair rates as TrFN

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a1  a2  a3  a4
r ( A) 
4
λ = (2, 4, 5, 7)
r(λ) = 4.5 = x
μ = (12, 14, 16, 20)
r(μ) = 15.5 = y
α = (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5)
r(α) = 0.2125 = s
β = (2, 3, 5, 6)
r(β) = 4 = t
The expected time for which the system will remain idle is
ty  x( s  t ) 4(15.5)  4.5(0.2125  4)
Type I:   0.65923
y(s  t ) 15.5(0.2125  4)

ty  x( s  t ) 4(15.5)  4.5(0.2125  4)
Type II:   0.694254
ty 4(15.5)
Arrival, Service, Breakdown and Repair rates as TrIFN
a1  a1'  2a2  2a3  a4  a 4'
r ( A) 
8
λI = (3,4,5,6)(2,4,5,7)
r(λI) = 4.5 = x
μI = (13,14,16,19)(12,14,16,20)
r(μI) = 15.5 = y
αI = (0.06, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4)(0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5)
r(αI) = 0.20125 = s
βI = (2.5,3,5,5,5)(2,3,5,6)
r(βI) = 4 = t
The expected time for which the system will remain idle is
ty  x( s  t ) 4(15.5)  4.5(0.20125 4)
Type I:   0.66175
y(s  t ) 15.5(0.20125 4)
ty  x( s  t ) 4(15.5)  4.5(0.20125 4)
Type II:   0.69507
ty 4(15.5)

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Arrival, Service, Breakdown and Repair rates as IVTrFN

a1  a2  a3  a4  a1  a2  a3  a4
r ( A) 
8
λIV = (2.5, 4, 5, 6.5)(2, 3, 6, 7)
r(λIV) = 4.5 = x
μIV = (13, 15, 15.5, 19)(12, 14, 16, 20)
r(μIV) = 15.5625 = y
αIV = (0.06, 0.1, 0.3, 0.45)(0.05, 0.09, 0.4, 0.5)
r(αIV) = 0.24375 = s
βIV = (2.5, 3.5, 4, 5,5)(2, 3, 5, 6)
r(βIV) = 3.9375 = t
The expected time for which the system will remain idle is
ty  x( s  t ) 3.9375(15.5625)  4.5(4.18125)
Type I:   0.65255
y(s  t ) 15.5625(4.18125)
ty  x( s  t ) 3.9375(15.5625)  4.5(4.18125)
Type II:   0.69294
ty 3.9375(15.5625)

5. CONCLUSION
In this paper, a queuing model with an unreliable server is considered in Intuitionistic
fuzzy and interval valued fuzzy environment. The idle time of both the cases is compared with
the fuzzy case. The comparative result reveals that the idle time is lesser in the case of Inter
valued fuzzy queuing model. Future work aims to consider the intuitionistic interval valued,
neutrosophic and Pythogorean fuzzy numbers. This paper provides a practical insight for
operations and system managers to apply the fuzzy concepts effectively.

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