ESE

2017 Prelims Exam

Detailed Solution

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (SET–B)

 SET - B
1. Consider the following statements with regard Gauss law states that “The net electric flux
to Lissajous pattern on a CRO: through any closed surface is equal to the
net charge within that closed surface.”
1. It is a stationary pattern on the CRO.
2. It is used for precise measurement of
Electric flux = D.ds Qenclosed
frequency of a voltage signal. E

3. The ratio between frequencies of vertical 3. If a positively charged body is placed inside a
and longitudinal voltage signals should be spherical hollow conductor, what will be the
an integer to have a steady Lissajous polarity of charge inside and outside the hollow
pattern. conductor?
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) Inside positive, outside negative
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (b) Inside negative, outside positive
(c) 3 only (d) 1,2 and 3 (c) Both negative
Sol. (c)
(d) Both positive
• In the Lissajous pattern on the CRO, if
the ratio of the two frequencies is an Sol. (b)
integer, then the pattern will be stationary. +
If the ratio of frequencies is not an integer,
then it does not give stationary pattern. –

• The ratio of the two frequencies should

not be such as to make the pattern too +
complicated, otherwise determination of
frequency would become difficult.
–
2. “Electric flux enclosed by a surface surrounding
+
a charge is equal to the amount of charge
enclosed.” This is the statement of The positively charged body will induce
negative charge on the inner surface of the
(a) Faraday’s law hollow sphere. As the sphere is neutral, equal
(b) Lenz’s law amount of positive charge will appear on the
outer surface so that net charge on the sphere
(c) Modified Ampere’s law is zero.
(d) Gauss’s law
4. Consider the following statements regarding
Sol. (d) Peer-to-Peer computing environment:

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 1. In this system, clients and servers are not
distinguished from one another.
2. All nodes distributed throughout the system
(within) are considered Peers and each may
act as either a client or a server.
3. Peer-to-Peer system assuredly offers certain
advantages over the traditional client-server
system.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1,2,3 and 4 (b) 1,2 and only
(c) 1 and 4 only (d) 2,3 and 4 only
Given (657)8 = (110101111)2
= (1AF)16
7. In potential transformers, the secondary turns
are increased slightly and the primary and
secondary windings are wound as closely as
possible to compensate for
(a) Phase angle and ratio error, respectively
(b) Ratio and phase angle error, respectively
(c) Any eddy current loss and hysteresis loss,
respectively

Sol. (c) (d) The hysteresis loss and eddy current loss,
respectively
5. What is the octal equivalent of (5621.125)10?
Sol. (b)
(a) 11774.010 (b) 12765.100
• In potential transformer, the ratio error
(c) 16572.100 (d) 17652.010 can be reduced by turn compensation.
i e. by mak ing the secondary turns
Sol. (b) increased slightly that required with rated
ratio at one particular value and type of
Octal equivalent of (5621.125) 10
burden.
For integer part
• Pri mary and sec ondary windi ngs in
8 5621 pot ential transf ormer are wound as
8 702 5 closely as possible to compensate for
8 87 6 phase angle error.
8 10 7 = 12765 8. The y-parameters for the network shown in the
1 2 figure can be represented by
I1 I2
For decimal part 0.125 × 8 = 1 + 5 +
Hence, (5621.125) 10 = (12765.100)8
V1 V2
6. What is the hexadecimal representation of – –
(657)8?
(a) 1 AF (b) D 78 1 1
–
5 5
(c) D 71 (d) 32 F (a) [y] =
1 1
–
Sol. (a) 5 5

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 1 1 (a) ib = ib (b) i1 = id
–
5 5 (c) ic = id (d) ia = ib
(b) [y] =
1 1
– Sol. (c&d)
5 5
Given, two-port network is
5 5
(c) [y] = ia ic
–5 5 a
Two-port
5 –5 network
(d) [y] =
–5 5 b d
ib id
Sol. (b)
For a two-port network, the current entering
Given two-part network is
to terminal ‘a’ of port 1 is same as the the
5 current coming from terminal ‘b’ of port 1.
+ I1 I2 +
V1 V2 Similarly at port 2.
– – Thus,
ia = ib and i c = id
The currents I 1 and I 2 can be expressed
in terms of V 1 and V2 as 1
10. A 4 digit v oltmeter is used for v oltage
2
V1 V2 1 1
I1 = V1 V2 ..(i) measurement. How would 0.7525 V be
5 5 5
displayed in 1 V range?
V2 V1 1 1 (a) 0.725 V (b) 0.752 V
and I 2 = V1 V2 ...(ii)
5 5 5
(c) 0.075 V (d) 0.0752 V
Thus, admittance matrix of the given two -
port Sol. (a)
1
1 1 Number of full digit on a 4 digits display
2
5 5 = 4
[Y] = 1 1
1
5 5 Resolution = = 0.0001
10 4
9. In the two-port network shown, which of the The resolution on 1V range = 1×0.0001 =
0.0001V
following is correct?
1
4 DVM
2
ia ic 1 4
a c 2

b d Range is 1V
ib id
Decimal position in density will be

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 0 .7 5 2 5 12. Consider the following statements with regard
to Moving Iron (MI) instruments:
Therefore on 1V range, any reading can be
displayed to 4th decimal place. 1. These instruments possess high operating
Hence, on 1V range display will be 0.7525 V torque.
2. These instruments can be used in ac and
11. Which of the following equations represent
Gausss law adapted to a homogeneous dc circuits.
isotropic medium? 3. Power consumption in these instruments is
lower for low voltage range.
1. s D.ds v dv
Which of the above statements are correct?
2. H D (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1,2 and 3
3. .J 0
Sol. (a)
4. .E • MI t y pe i nst rum ents poss ess hi gh
operat ing torque and can wit hstand
5. 2
. 0 overloads momentarily.
• It can be used for the measurement of
Select the correct answer using the codes given AC and DC both quantities.
below:
• For low voltage range measurement, the
(a) 1 and 4 only (b) 2 and 3 only
power consumption is higher.
(c) 3 and 5 only (d) 1,2,4 and 5 only
Sol. (a) 13. A current of (10 + 5 sin t + 3 sin 2 t) is
Gauss law is given by : measured using a moving iron instrument. The
reading would be
E D.ds Q enclosed
S
(a) 08.82 A (b) 10.00 A

If is charge per unit volume. Then, Qenclosed (c) 10.82 A (d) 12.75 A
v
Sol. (c)
v dv Moving iron instrument indicates rms value.
v
Given, i(t) = 10 5 sin t 3 sin 2 t
D.ds v dv

Also, by divergence theorem, Gauss law for 5

2
3
2
2
homegeneous isotropic medium can be written So, I rms = 10
2 2
in differential form as :

.E 25 9
0 = 100
2 2

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 16. A computer system has a cache with a cache
234 access time TC = 10 ns, a hit ratio of 80% and
= = 117 = 10.81A
2 an average memory access time TM = 20 ns.
What is the access time for physical memory
14. Which one of the following methods is used for TP ?
the measurement of high resistances?
(a) 90 ns (b) 80 ns
(a) Carey-Foster bridge method (c) 60 ns (d) 20 ns

(b) Substitution method Sol. (c)

(c) Loss of charge method
Cache access time (T c ) = 10 nsec.
(d) Potentiometer method hit ratio = 80%
Average memory access time (T m) = 20nsec.
Sol. (c)
Access time for physical memory T P= T+T c
Methods used for measurement of high T c ×hit ratio + miss ratio × (T c +T) = 20
resistances: 10×0.8+(1–0.8)×(10+T) = 20
1. Direct deflection method 8+2+0.2T = 20
0.2T = 10
2. Loss of charge method
3. Megohm bridge method 10
T = 10 50
2
4. Meggar
T p = 50 + Tc = 60 nsec.
15. Consider the following statements with regard
17. If n has the value 3, then the C language
to induction type wattmeter:
statement: a[++n] = n + +; assigns
1. Can be used on both ac and dc systems.
(a) 3 to a[5] (b) 4 to a[5]
2. Power consumption is relatively low.
(c) 4 to a[4] (d) 5 to a[5]
3. It is accurate only at stated frequency and
Sol. (a)
temperature.
18. The minimum number of arithmetic operations
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
required to evaluate the polynomial P(X) = X5+
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only 8X3+ X for a given value of X using only one
(c) 3 only (d) 1,2 and 3 temorary variable is
Sol. (c) (a) 8 (b) 7
• Induction type wattmeter can be used (c) 6 (d) 5
only in ac system. Sol. (d)
• I n induct ion type wat tm et er, power
19. A freewheeling diode in phase-controlled
consumption is relativ ely higher than
rectifiers
electro-dynamo type wattmeter.
• It is accurate only at given frequency and (a) enables inverter operation
temperature. (b) is responsible for additional reactive power

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 (c) improves the line power factor increases (natural frequency) remains
n
(d) is responsible for additional harmonics unchanged.

Sol. (c) 22. Consider the following components in a multi-

A freewheeling diode does not allow reverse state R-C coupled amplifier:
power flow from load to source and all the 1. Parasitic capacitance of transistor
power is consumed in the load and hence it 2. Coupling capacitance
improves the line power factor.
3. Stray capacitance
20. Consider the following statements regarding 4. Wiring capacitance
electrical conductivity :
Which of the above components effectively
1. It increases with temperature in control high freqencies?
semiconductors.
(a) 1,2 and 3 (b) 1, 2 and 4
2. Its increase with temperature is exponential.
(c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 2, 3 and 4
3. It increases in metals and their alloys,
linearly with temperature.
Sol. (c)
Which of the above statements are correct? In multi-stage R-C coupled amplifier, parasitic
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only capacitance of transistor, wiring capacitance
and stray capacitance effectively control the
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1,2 and 3
high frequencies.
Sol. (a)
23. A Wien Bridge Oscillator is suitable for
As temperature increases in semiconductor,
the conductivity starts to increase and this 1. Audio frequency applications
increase in conductivity is exponential. But 2. Radio frequency applications
for metals and its alloys, as temperature 3. Very low frequency applications
increases its resistivity starts to increase
hence we say conductivity decreases. Which of the above frequency applications is/
are correct?
21. What is the effect on the natural frequency ( n)
and damping factor ( ) in the control systems (a) 1 only
when derivative compensation is used? (b) 2 only
(c) 3 only
(a) n increases and decreases
(d) 1,2 and 3
(b) n remains unchanged and increases
(c) remains unchanged and decreases Sol. (a)
n
(d) n decreases and increases Wien bridge oscillator is suitable for audio
frequency applications.
Sol. (b)
Derivativ e compensation is phase lead 24. In an R-C phase shift oscillator using FET and
c om pensat i on so dam pi ng f ac t or ( ) 3-section R-C phase shift network, the condition
for sustained oscillation is

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 (a) > 6n 10 6

(b) > 29 = 2
100
29
(c) > 4n + 23 + = 1013.21×10–12 F
n
29
(d) > 23 + 26. The logical expression, ABC ABC ABC
n
Rd
where, n = . (a) A(B C) (b) A B C
n
Sol. (c)
(c) A BC (d) A C B
The condition for sustained oscillation is

29 Sol. (d)
4n 23
n
y = ABC ABC ABC
BC
25. A tuned-collector oscillator has a f ixed Using k-map, A 00 01 11 10
inductance of 100 H and has to be tunable
y = AB AC 0
over the frequency band of 500 kHz to 1500
kHz. What is the range of variable capacitor to = A(B C) 1 1 1 1
be used?
(a) 115 – 1021 pF (b) 113 – 1015 pF 27. What is the analog output for a 4-bit R-2R
(c) 93 – 1015 F (d) 119 – 1021 F ladder DAC when input is (1000)2, for Vref =
5V?
Sol. (b) (a) 2.3333 V (b) 2.4444 V
1 (c) 2.5556 V (d) 2.6667 V
f =
2 LC
Sol. (d)
1
or C = For R – 2R ladder DAC, analog output
4 2Lf 2
at 1500 KHz, Vref
V0 = × (Decimal equivalent of input
1 2n 1
C1 = 6
2 degital signal)
4 100 10 15 105 2

5 5
106 = 4
8 = 8 = 2.667V
= 2 1 15
900 2
= 112.58×10–12 F 28. Which logic inputs should be given to the input
at 500 KHz, lines I0, I1, I2, and I3, if the MUX is to behave
as two input XNOR gate?
1
C2 = 2 6
2
4 100 10 5 105

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 Condition for Existence of Fourier series
I0 Condition (1). x(t) must be absolutely
4 to 1 integrable over one time period.
I1
MUX f x t dt
I2 T

I3 Condition (2). x(t) has finite number of

s1 s0 maxima and minima over one time period.
Condition (3). x(t) has finite number of
discontinuity over one time period.
x y
30. Which one of the following statements is
(a) 0110 (b) 1001
correct?
(c) 1010 (d) 1111
LTI system is causal
Sol. (b) (a) If and only if its impulse response is non-
Output of given MUX zero for negative values of n.

f = (b) If and only if its impulse response is non-

0 S1S0 1S1S0 2S1S0 3 S1S0
zero for positive values of n.
= 0x y 1xy 2 xy 3 xy ...(i)
(c) If its impulse response is zero for negative
To behave as XNOR gate f = xy x y ...(ii) values of n.

Equating (i) & (ii) I 0 = 1, I 1 = 0, I 2 = 0, (d) If its impulse response is zero for positive
I3 = 1 values of n.

29. Fourier series of any periodic signal x(t) can Sol. (c)
be obtained if
A LTI system is causal iff
T
x t dt h(t) = 0 t 0 for continuous time
1.
0 h(n) = 0 n < 0 for discrete time
2. Finite number of discontinuities within finite 31. Consider the following statements with respect
time interval t to Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT):
3. Infinite number of discontinuities
1. If is obtained by performing a sampling
Select the correct answer using the codes given operation in the time domain.
below:
2. It transforms a finite duration sequence into
(a) 1,2 and 3 (b) 1 and 3 only a discrete frequency spectrum.
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 2 and 3 only 3. It is obtained by performing a sampling
operration in both time and frequency
Sol. (c)
domains.

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 Which of the above statements is/are correct? 1
st st 8
L{f(t)} = e f(t)dt e (8)dt (1 e s )
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only 0 0
s
(c) 1 only (d) 3 only 33. The number of complex addit ions and
Sol. (b) multiplications in direct DFT are, respectively

Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is obtained (a) N(N–1) and N2

by performing sampling operation in both (b) N(N+1) and N2
time and frequency domain and in DTFT,
sampling is performed only in time domain. (c) N(N+1)2 and N
In DFT there is discrete frequency spectrum
(d) N and N2
(discrete function of ) and in DTFT, there
i s a cont i nuous f requency spect rum Sol. (a)
(condition function of )
In DFT N(N–1) complex addition and N2
32. The laplace transform of the below function is complex multiplication.

34. The laplace transform of the below function is

f(t)
x(t)
8
1

–1 0 +1 t

1 t
2 sin
(a) sin (b)

(a) F(s) = 8s (1 – e–s)

cos
8 (c) (d)
1 e– s sin 2
(b) F(s) =
s
(c) F(s) = 8s (1 + e–s) Sol. (b)
1, 1 t 1
8 Given function is f(t) =
(d) F(s) = 1– e – s 0, otherwise
s
j t
Sol. (d) F{f(t)} = e f(t)dt
Given function can be written as
1
8, 0 t 1 j t
f(t) = = e (1)dt
0, otherwise
1

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 j t 1 s 2 s 4
e
= Z4(s) =
j s 1 s 3
–1

1 j j Which of the above is positive real?

= [e e ]
j
(a) Z1 (b) Z2
2jsin (c) Z3 (d) Z4
=
j
Sol. (a, c & d)
2 sin
= To check f(s) is positive Real function (PRF)

35. The number of complex addit ions and P s Numnator Polynomial

F(s) =
multiplications in GFT are, respectively Q s Denominator Polynomial

(i) P(s) must be Hurnitz

N
(a) log2 N and Nlog2 N (ii) Q(s) must be Hurnitz
2
(iii) Re[F(s)] 0 for Re[s] 0
N
(b) N log2 Nand log2 N
2 P(s) M1(s) N1(s) M1 N1
F(s) = Q(s) M2 (s) N2 (s) M2 N2
N
(c) log2 N and log2 N
2 M1 even part of numerator polynomial
M2 even part of denominator polynomial
N
(d) log2 N and log2 N N1 odd part of numerator polynomial
2
N2 odd part of denominator polynomial
Sol. (b) Re [s] 0 for s = j
The number of complex addition is N log 2N
and number of complex multiplication is N/2 M1M2 N1N2
0
log2N. M22 N22

36. Consider the following driving point impedance M 1 M 2 – N1 N 2 0

functions:
s a P(s)
Ex. F(s) = 2
s 2 s bs c Q(s)
Z1(s) = 2
s 3s 5
P(s) = s+a a 0 for P(s) to be Hurwitz
s 2
Z2(s) = Q(s) = s 2 +bs+c b,c 0 for Q(s) to be
s2 5
Hurwitz
s 2
Z3(s) = M 1 M 2 – N1 N 2 0 for s = j
s2 2s 1

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 M1 = a N1 = s M1 = s2 + 8, N1 = 6s
M 2 = s2 + c N2 = bs M2 = s2 + 3, N2 = 4s
M 1 M 2 – N1 N2 0 M 1 M 2 – N1 N 2 0
a(s2 + c) – bs2 0 (s2 + 8) (s2 + 3) – 6s 4s 0
(s4 + 11s2 + 24) – 24 s2 0
a j2 2
c bj2 2
0
s4 – 13s2 + 24 0
2
b a ac 0
0 0 4 2
13 24 0
b – a 0 Z 4(s) is P.R.F.

b a 37. The closed-loop transfer function of a system

C s s–2
a, b, c 0 is 3
Condition for F(s) to be P.R.F R s s 8s2 19s 12
b a

The system is
s 2 s a
(i) Z 1(s) = (a) Stable
s2 3s 5 s2 bs c
a = 2, b = 3, c = 5 (b) Unstable
(c) Conditionally stable
a, b, c > 0
Z 1 (s) is P.R.F.. (d) Critically stable
b>a
Sol. (a)
s 2 s a
(ii) Z 2(s) = The characteristic equation of given system
s2 5 s2 bs c is
a = 2, b = 0, c = 5 s3 + 8s2 + 19s + 12 = 0
a, b, c 0 Routh table is
b < a s3 1 19
Therefore Z2(s) is not P.R.F. s2 8 12
s 2 s a s1 17.5 0
(iii) Z 3(s) = 2 2
s 2s 1 s bs c s0 12
a = 2, b = 2, c = 1 No sign change in the first column. Hence,
system is stable.
a, b, c 0
b = a 38. A system has 14 poles and 2 zeros in its open-
loop transfer function. The slope of its highest
Z 3(s) is P.R.F.
frequency asymptote in its magnitude plot is
s 2 s 4 s2 6s 8 (a) –40 dB/dec (b) –240 dB/dec
(iv) Z 4(s) = 2 (c) +40 dB/dec (d) +240 dB/dec
s 1 s 3 s 4s 3

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Sol. (b) corresponding terms of the transfer function
The slope of highest frequency asymptote 1 1
is or
s 0.02s 1
= (Z – P) × 20 dB/dec 1
5
= (2 – 14) × 20
Hence, the open-loop transfer function of the
= –240 dB/dec given system is

39. The open-loop transfer function for the Bode’s Ks2

G(s)H(s) =
magnitude plot is s s
1 1
5 50
x(t)
K ' s2
0dB/dec =
s 5 s 50
20dB/dec
|G(j (j |dB
40. While forming a Routh arrary, the situation of
a row of zeros indicates that the system

0.1 5 50 (rad/sec) (a) has symmetrically located roots

(b) is stable
K
(a) G(s)H(s) = (c) is insensitive to variations in gain
s2 1 0.2s 1 0.02s
(d) has asymmetrically located roots
Ks
(b) G(s)H(s) = Sol. (a)
1 0.2s 1 0.02s
All t he el ements of a row in Rout h’s
Ks2 tabulation being zero indicate a pair of
(c) G(s)H(s) =
s 5 s 50 conjugate root on imaginary axis. i.e. system
has symmetrically located roots.
K
(d) G(s)H(s) = 2 41. A linear time-invariant control system with
s s 5 s 50
unsatisfactory steady stae error is to be
compensated. Which is/are the correct type of
Sol. (c)
cascade compensation to be provided?
The initial slope of the plot is 40 dB/dec.
Hence it has two zeroes at origin 1. Lead
at = 5 rad/sec, slope of the plot changes 2. Lag
by –20 db/dec, hence the corresponding term 3. Lag-lead
of the transfer function is
1 1 Select the correct answer using the codes given
or below:
s (0.2s 1)
1
5 (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
At = 50 rad/sec, slope of the plot again (c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 only
c hanges b y –20 dB/ dec. , H ence t he

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Sol. (b) Sol. (c)
The steady state error can be reduced by The given characteristic equation is
lag compensator.
s3+3s2+(K+2)s+5K = 0
42. A phase-lead network has its transfer function or s3+3s2+2s+K(s+5) = 0
1 0.04s K s 5
GC(s) = . What is the frequency at or 1 = 0
1 0.01s s 3
3s 2
2s
which the maximum phase-lead occurs?
K s 5
or 1 = 0
(a) 25 rad/sec (b) 50 rad/sec s s 1 s 2
(c) 75 rad/sec (d) 100 rad/sec
K s 5
G(s)H(s) =
Sol. (b) s s 1 s 2

The two corner frequencies of lead network 44. In a system, the damping coefficient is –2. The
are system response will be
1 1 (a) Undamped
1 = and 2 =
0.04 0.01 (b) Oscillations with decreasing magnitude
(c) Oscillations with increasing magnitude
or, 1 = 25 and 2 = 100
(d) Critically damped
The maximum phase-lead occurs at mid-
frequency Sol. (c)
A system with negative damping coefficient
m= 1 2 = 25 100 = 2500 = 50rad/sec.
is dynamically unstable. So, the system
response will be oscillations with increasing
43. What is the open-loop transfer function for the magnitude.
system, whose characteristic equation is
45. A dynamic system is described by the following
F(s) = s3+3s2+(K+2)s+5K = 0?
0 1 0
equations: X = X u and
5K –3 –4 1
(a) G(s)H(s) =
s s 1 s 3
Y = [10 0]u
Ks
(b) G(s)H(s) =
s s 1 s 2 Then the transfer function relating Y and u is
given by
K s 5
(c) G(s)H(s) =
s s 1 s 2 Y s 10s Y s 10
(a) 2 (b) 2
u s s 4s 3 u s s 4s 3
5K
(d) G(s)H(s) =
s s 1 s 2 Y s s Y s s
(c) 2 (d) 2
u s s 2s 1 u s s 3s 1

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Sol. (b) Kde t
Output of controller =
Given dt
0 1 0 From statement 4, K is positive.
A , B and C 10 0
3 4 1 de t
From statement 3, if 1% then
dt
s 1
sI A = 3 s 4 Change in output of controller is K % .
Hence the mode of controller is derivative
1 s 4 1 controller.
1 =
sI A s s 4 3 3 s
47. A 1000V/400vV power transformer has a
1 s 4 1 nominal short-circuit voltage VSC = 40%. Which
1 = 10 0
C sI A s2 4s 3 3 s one of the following statements is correct?
1 (a) A voltage of 400 V appears across the short-
= 2
10 s 4 10
s 4s 3 circuited secondary terminals.
1 0 (b) A voltage of 16 V appears across the short-
1 10 s 4 10
C sI A B = s2 4s 3 1 circuited secondary terminals.

10 (c) When the secondary terminals are short-

= circuited, the rated current flows at the
s2 4s 3
primary side at a primary voltage of 400 V.
46. The characteristics of a mode of controller are (d) The primary voltage drops to 400 V, when
summarized: the secondary terminals are short-circuited.
1. If error is zero, the output from the controller
is zero. Sol. (c)
2. If error is constant in time, the output from Given transformer voltage ratio = 1000/400
the controller is zero. and short circuit voltage (Nominal) = 40%
3. For changing error in time, the output from i.e., the primary terminal voltage
the controller is |K|% for every 1% sec–1 = 0.4 × 100 = 400 V.
rate of change of error. the secondary terminal voltage
4. For positive rate of change of error, the = 0.4 × 400 = 160 V.
output is also positive.
Short circuit voltage is the amount of voltage
The mode of controller is
required to be applied to the transformer in
(a) Integral controller order to allow the rated transformer current to
(b) Derivative controller flow through the transformer hence answer is
(c) Proportional derivative option (c).
(d) Proportional integral
48. Consider the following statements regarding
three-phase transformers in Open-Delta (V-V)
Sol. (b)
connections:
From statement 2.

, 8010009955
 1. Being a temporary remedy when one • VA supplied by each transf ormer is
transformer forms of Delta-Delta system is
3 VphIph
damaged, and removed from service. 86.6% i . e. hal f of 1. 73
2. The Volt Ampere (VA) suplied by each 2
transformer is half of the total VA, and the Power of - hence statement – 2
system is not overloaded.
3. An important precaution is that load shall 49. On the Torque/Speed curve of an induction
motor shown in the figure, four points of
be reduced by 3 times in this case. operation are marked as A, B, C and D.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
A
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1,2 and 3 B
Torque C
Sol. (d)
In open delta connection of transformer
Speed
IC = Iph
D

Which one of them represents the operation at

a slip greater thatn 1?
VL (a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1,2 and 3

Total power supplied by two phases = Sol. (a)

3 V Iph = 3 Vph Iph Torque

Total power supplied in connection = A B

C
3 VLIL 3 VphIph

Power V V 3 VphIph 1 N
=
power 3 VphIph 3 (Nr > Ns)
Nr < 0 Nr = 0 Nr = Ns
(s >1) s =1 s=0 D (s = –ve)
Power (V – V) = 57.7% (Power - )
Hence statement – 3 is true 50. A 3-phase, 460 V, 6-pole, 60 Hz cylindrical rotor
• I t i s t e m porary rem edy when one synchronous m otor has a synchronous
transformer forms of Delta-Delta system is reactance of 2.5 and negligible armature
damaged, removed from serv ice hence resistance. The load torque, proportional to the
statement -I is true. square of the speed, is 398 N.m at 1200 rpm.

, 8010009955
 Unity power factor is maintained by excitation sin = 0.590
1
control. Keeping the V/f constant, the frequency
is reduced to 36 Hz. The torque angle is T1 sin 1
=
T2 sin 2
(a) 9.5° (b) 12.5°
(c) 25.5° (d) 30° 398 0.590
=
143.28 sin 2
Sol. (b)
143.28
Given that sin 2 = 0.590
398
N1 = 1200 Rpm, f 1 = 60 Hz, T 1 = 398N-m
N2 = ?, f 2 = 36 Hz sin 2 = 0.2127
120 36 2 = sin–1(0.2127)
N2 = = 720 rpm
6
= 12.28°
2
T N , T sin 12.5°
T1 N12 51. Consider the following statements regarding
=
T2 N22 capability curves of a synchronous generator:
2
T1 1200 1. The MVA loading should not exceed the
= generator rating.
T2 720
2 2. The field current should not be allowed to
720 exceed a specified value determined by field
T2 = 398
1200 heating.
T 2 = 143.28 N-m 3. The MW loading should not exceed the
P1 60 rating of the prime mover.
We know, T 1 = 4. The load angle must be more than 90°.
2 N1
Which of the above statements are correct?
2 N1
P1 = T1 = 50.014 kW (a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1 and 4 only
60
(c) 1, 2 and 3 only (d) 2, 3 and 4 only
Vs VR
We know, P1 = sin 1 ( Vs VR ) Sol. (c)
x
Capability curve: of a synchronous generator
V2 defines a boundary with in which the machine
= sin 1
X can operate safely. It is also known as
460
2 operating charts (or) capability charts.
50.014×103 = sin 1
2.5 1. The MVA loading should not exceed the
generator rating hence statement-1 is
2.5 50.014 103
sin = true
1
(460)2

, 8010009955
 2. The field current should not be allowed = 500 rpm
to exceed a specified value determined
by the heat i ng of t he f i el d hence P 60
T=
statement-2 is true 2 N

3. The MW loading should not exceed the 60.968 103 60

rat i ng o f t he pri m e m ov er hence =
2 500
statement-3 is true
= 1164.40 Nm
4. For steady state (or) stable operation the 1165 Nm (rounding off to nearest decimal)
load angle 90 hence statement-4 is
53. Consider the following statements:
false
1. Salient pole alternators have small diameters
52. A 12-pole, 440 V, 50 Hz, 3-phase synchronous
and large axial lengths.
motor takes a line current of 100 A at 0.8 pf
leading. Neglecti ng l osses, the torque 2. Cylindrical rotor alternators hav e a
developed will be distributed winding.
3. Cylindrical rotor alternators are wound for
(a) 705 Nm (b) 1165 Nm
large number of poles.
(c) 1058 Nm (d) 525 Nm
4. Salinet pole alternators run at speeds slower
than cylindrical rotor machines.
Sol. (b)
Which of the above statements rotor machines.
Given data of synchronous motor
(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 4 only
P = 12 Pole
(c) 1 and 4 only (d) 2 and 3 only
VL = 440 V
Sol. (b)
f = 50 Hz
1. Salient pole alternators have large diameter
IL = 100 A and small axdial length hence statement 1
is false.
Cos = 0.8 p.f. leading
2. Cylindrical rotor alternators have distributed
winding statement 2 is true.
P= 3 VLIL cos (3- power)
3. Cylindrical rotor alternators are wound for
less no of poloes as they run at higher
= 3 440 100 0.8 speeds.

= 60.968 kW 1
N . Hence Statement 3 is false.
P
2 NT
As P= (neglecting losses) 4. Salient pole alternators runs at speed lower
60
than cylindrical rotor machines because of
large diameter and large no of poles
120f
N=
P 1
N hence statement 4 is true.
P

, 8010009955
54. A permanent magnet stepper motor with 8 poles Sol. (b)
in stator and 6 poles in rotor will have a step
angle of Transmission line is represented as a two-
(a) 7.5° (b) 15° port netwrok, is shown below:
(c) 30° (d) 60° is iR
+ +
Sol. (b) Vs A, B, C, D VR
Given – –

Ns = 8, Nr = 6
Symmetry condition for a two-port network
Ns Nr in terms of transmission parameters is
Then step angle ( ) = 360
Ns Nr given as

A =D
8 6
= 360
8 6 56. A power syst em has two synchronous
generators hav ing gov ernor turbine
2 1 characteristics as
= 360 360
48 24
P1 = 50 (50 – f)
= 15°
P2 = 100 (51 – f)
55. The transmission line is represented as a two-
port network as shown in the figure. The where f represents the system frequency.
sending end voltage and current are expressed Assuming a lossless operation of the complete
in terms of receiving end voltage and current power system, what is the system frequency
for the network as for a total load of 800 MW?
(a) 55.33 Hz (b) 50 Hz
VS = AVR + B IR
(c) 45.33 Hz (d) 40 Hz
IS = CVR + D IR
Sol. (c)
where A, B, C and D are generalized circuit
A power system has two generators having
constants.
powers P 1 and P2
A, B, C, D Given P1 = 50 (50-f)
VS IS IR VR P2 = 100 (51-f)
Total power P = 800 MW
The condition for symmetry for the network is i.e., P1 + P2 = P
(a) A = C (b) A = D 50 (50 – f) + 100 (51 – f) = 800
(c) B = C (d) B = D 2500 – 50f + 5100 – 100f = 800

, 8010009955
 7600 – 800 = 150f V1a = AaV2a – BaI 2a
6800 = 150f I 1a = CaV2a – DaI 2a

6800 V1a V1a

f = = 45.33 Hz Aa = , Ba
150 V2a I2a
I2a 0 V2a 0
57. Two networks are connected in cascade in the
figure. The equivalent ABCD constants are I1a
obtained for the combiend network having Ca = V ,
2a I2a 0
C 0.1 90 .

I1a
1 1 Da = I2a V2a 0
Z1 50 30
From network k N a.
Z2 V2a – V1a = I 2a Z 1
V1a = V2a Z1I2a ...(i)
I 1a = – I 2a ...(ii)
Aa = 1, Ba = Z 1
2 2 C a = 0, Da = 1
What is the value of Z2? Aa Ba 1 Z1
Ca Da = 0 1
(a) 500 60 (b) 0.10 j
(c) – 10 j (d) 50 60 Nb

Sol. (c) I1b I2b

+ +
z1
V1b z2 V2b
I 2
– –
z2
V1b = V2b ...(i)
1
I 2!
V2b
I 1b + I 2b = Z
2
Na
I1a z1 I2a V2b
I 1b = I2b ...(ii)
+ +
Z2

V1a V2a 1
Ab = 1, Bb = 0, Cb = , Db = 1
– – Z2

, 8010009955
 (c) Line voltage
1 0
Ab Bb (d) Length of conductor
1
Cb Db = 1
Z2
Sol. (d)
When Network N a & Nb are cascaded We know corona loss
z1 (f 25) r 2
1
1
1 P = 241×10–5 VP Vd kw/km/phase.
d
z2 It depends on
(a) radius of conductor (r)
2 2
1 (b) line voltage (v)
ABCD parameters of the equivalent network (c) spacing between the conductors (d)
59. Consider the following statements regarding
Aa Ba Ab Bb A B
= corona:
Ca Da Cb Db C D
1. It causes radio interference
1 0 2. It attenuatres lightning surges.
1 Z1 1 A B
0 1 1 = C D 3. It causes power loss.
Z2
4. It is more prevalent in the middle conductor
Z1 of a transmission line em ploying f lat
1 Z1
Z2 conductor configuration.
A B
1 = C D
1 Which of the above statements are correct
Z2
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
1 (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
C = Z
2 (c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(d) 3 and 4 only
1
0.1 90 = Z
2 Sol. (c)
Corona causes :
1
Z2 = 0.1 90 (i) radio interference
(ii) power loss
(iii) It reduces the magnitude of lightning (&)
Z 2 = 10 90 10 cos 90 jsin( 50 )
switching
Z 2 = – 10 j
(iv) It is also more prevalent in the middle
58. Which one of the following does not have an conductor in a flat conductor configuration.
effect on corona?
60. The loss formula coefficient matrix for a two-
(a) Spacing between conductors plant system is given by
(b) Conductor size

, 8010009955
 61. If a square matrix of order 100 has exactly 15
0.001 0.0001 1
B MW distinct eigenvalues, then the degree of the
0.0001 0.0013
minimum polynomial is
The economic schedule for a certain load is
(a) At least 15 (b) At most 15
given as
(c) Always 15 (d) Exactly 100
P1 = 150 MW and P2 = 275 MW
What is the penalty factor for plant 1 for this
Sol. (a)
condition?
By property of “minimal property”. If matrix
(a) 1.324 (b) 1.515 has 15 distinct Eigen values, then its minimal
(c) 1.575 (d) 1.721 polynomial must be of at least 15 degree.

Sol. (a) 62. The solution of the differential equation

PL = B11 P12 2B12 P1 P2 B22 P22 (l oss

y 1 x dy
2
x 1 y dx
2
0 is
equation)
(a) 1 x2 = c
Given B12 = B21 = – 0.0001 MW –1

B11 = 0.0010 MW –1 (b) 1 y

2
= c

B11 = 0.0010 MW –1 (c) 1 x

2
1 y
2
c

P1 = 150MW P2 = 275 MW
(d) 1 x
2
1 y
2
c

PL = (0.001) P12 + 2 (– 0.0001) P1P2 + (0.0013) P22

Ans. (c)
PL
= 2 (0.001)P1 + 2 (– 0.0001) P2
P1 Sol. y 1 x 2 dy x 1 y2 dx 0
= 2 (0.001) (150) + 2 (– 0.0001) (275) Using variable separable,
= 0.245
y.dy xdx
1 2
Penality factor = 1 y 1 x2
PL
1
P1 ydy xdx
On integrating, 2
1 1 y 1 x2
=
1 0.245
Put 1 – y2 = u2 and 1 – x 2 = v 2
1 i.e., ydy = –udy and xdx = –vdv
=
0.755 udu vdv
so,
= 1.3245 = 1.324 u v

, 8010009955
 u = v + c f(x) = xcosx in ,

1 y2 1 x2 c f(–x) = (–x)cos(–x) = –xcosx = –f(x)

so f(x) is an odd function
or 1 x2 1 y2 c Now using Fourier series.

63. The general solution of the differential equation 1

a0 = f(x)dx 0 ( f(x) is an odd)

4 3 2
d y dy d y dy
4
2 3
2 2
2 y 0 65. The Fourier series expansion of the saw-
dx dx dx dx toothed waveform

(a) y = (c1 – c2 x) ex + c3 cos x + c4 sin x

f x x in , of period 2 gives the series,
(b) y = (c1 + c2 x) ex – c3 cos x + c4 sin x
1 1 1
1
(c) y = (c1 + c2 x) ex + c3 cos x + c4 sin x 3 5 4

(d) y = (c1 + c2 x) ex + c3 cos x – c4 sin x 2

(a) (b)
2 4
Sol. (c)
2
Given DE is y iv(x) – 2yiii (x) + 2yii (x) – 2yi (x) (c) (d)
+ y = 0 16 4
or [D4 – 2D3 + 2D2 – 2D + 1]y = 0 …(i)
A.E. is m4 – 2m 3 + 2m 2 – 2m + 1 = 0 Sol. (d)
(m – 1)2 (m 2 + 1) = 0 f(x) = x, ( , ) it is again an odd function.
m = 1,1, ±i
so, CF = (C1 + C2x)ex + C3cosx + C4sinx 1 1
a0 = f(x)dx 0, a = f(x)cosnxdx 0
n
PI = 0
Hence solutions is y = CF + PI = (C 1 + C2x)ex
+ C3cosx + C4sinx 1 1 2( 1)n 1

bn = f(x)sinnxdx x sinnxdx
n
64. Given the Fourier series in (– , ) for f(x) =
x cos x, the value of a0 will be Henc e F o uri er series is, f (x ) =
a0
2 2 an cos nx bn sinnx
(a) (b) 0 2
3

2 2( 1)n 1
1 2n f(x) = sinnx
(c) 2 (d) 2 n 1 n
n 1

Sol. (b)

, 8010009955
 z = 0 and sinz = 0
1 1 1
x = 2 1.sin x sin2x sin3x sin4x ..... z = 0 and z = n , n I
2 3 4
z = 0 and z = ..... 2 , , 0, , 2 ,.....
1 1 1
Put x = , 2 1 ..... so z = 0 (double pole) lies inside c.
2 2 3 5 7
1 d
1 1 1 R Re sf(z) (z 0)2 f(z)
So, 1 ..... (z 0) 2 1! dz z 0
3 5 7 4
d z
66. What is the value of the m for which 2x – x 2 + = dz sin z z 0
my2 is harmonic?
= 0
(a) 1 (b) –1 so by Cauchy residue theorem,

(c) 2 (d) –2 f(z)dz

c
Sol. (a) = 2 i [sum of residue inside c]
Let = 2x – x2 + my2 = 2 i[0]
Any function is HARMONIC if it satisfies = 0
Laplace equation.
i.e., 0 2z
xx yy
68. The sum of residues of f(z) = z 1 2 z 2 at
2 2
0 its singular point is
x2 y2
(a) –8 (b) –4
(2 2x) (2my) 0 (c) 0 (d) 4
x y
–2 + 2m = 0 m =1 Sol. (c)
67. Evlauate 2z
f(z) = ,
(z 1)2 (z 2)
dz poles are z = 2 (simple pole)
, where c is x2 + y2 = 1
z sin z and z = 1 (double pole)

(a) 1 (b) 2 2z
R1 = Re sf(z) lim (z 2)f(z) lim 4
(z 2) z 2 z 2 (z 1)2
(c) 0 (d) –1

Sol. (c) 1 d
R2 = Re sf(z) (z 1)2 f(z)
(z 1) 2 1! dz z 1
1
f(z) = , c : |z| = 1 d 2z
z sin z 4
dz z 2 z 1
Poles of f(z) are zsinz = 0

, 8010009955
 Hence required sum = R 1 + R2 = 0 71. A random variable X has a probability density
function
69. A bag contains 7 red and 4 white balls. Two
balls are drawn at random. What is the n x
kx e ; x 0
probability that both the balls are red? f x (n is an interger)
0; otherwise
28 21
(a) (b) with mean 3. The values of {k, n} are
55 55
1 1
7 4 (a) ,1 (b) ,2
(c) (d) 2 4
55 55
1
Sol. (b) (c) ,2 (d) {1, 2}
2
7
C2 7 6 21
P(both red balls) = Sol. (c) We know that
11 11 10 55
C2
f(x)dx = 1
70. A random variable X has the density function
1 Let n is 2 then
f(x) = K 2
, where x . Then the
1 x
kx2 e x
dx = 1
value of K is
0

1
(a) (b) 1
or x2 ( e x )]0 – 2x ( e x )dx
0
k
1
(c) 2 (d)
2
x 1
or 0 + 2 xe dx =
Sol. (b) 0 k

K x 1
f(x) = is p.d.f. or e =
1 x 2 0 2k

1
so we have, f(x)dx 1 or 0 + e x dx
0
2k

K x 1
dx 1 or e =
1 x2 0 2k
1
2K tan 1 x 0 1 or [0 1]
2k
2K 0 1 1
2 or k =
2
1 Hence, option (c) is correct
K

, 8010009955
72. What is the probability that at most 5 defective 74. For high speed reading and storing of
fuses will be found in a box of 200 fuses, if 2% information in a computer, the core shall be of
of such fuses are defective?
(a) Ferrite
(a) 0·82 (b) 0·79
(b) Piezoelectric
(c) 0·59 (d) 0·82
(c) Pyroelectric
Sol. (b)
(d) Ferromagnetic above 768°C
The probability of finding defective fuses, p
= 2 100 . Theref ore average number of Sol. (a)
defective fusel in a box of 200 fuses = np =
Ferrites are employed for the construction
2 of core for high speed reading and storing
200 4.
100 of data (or) information in a computer.
T heref ore t he m ean of the Poi sson 75. Soft magnetic materials should have
distribution is given by m = n = 4
(a) Large saturation magnetization and large
5
4r e 4
permeability
Required probability, P r 5 =
r 0 r!
(b) Low saturation magnetization and large
permeability
4 42 43 44 45
= e 1 4
(c) Large saturation magnetization and low
2! 3! 4! 5!
permeability
= 0.7845
(d) Low saturation magnetization and low
73. If X is a normal variate with mean 30 and permeability
standard dev iatio 4, what is Probability
Sol. (a)
26 X 34 , given A (z = 0·8) = 0·2881?
A soft magnetic materials should
(a) 0.2881 (b) 0.5762
(i) Easily magnetized and demagnetized
(c) 0.8181 (d) 0.1616
(ii) have high saturation magnetization
Sol. (b) (iii) have low coercivity
X (iv) have high permeability
We know that, Z
76. Gauss’s theorem states that total electric flux
26 30
Z1 = 0.8 emanating from a closed surface is equal
5
to
34 30
and Z2 = 0.8
5 (a) Total current density on the surface
P 26 X 34 P 0.8 Z 0.8
(b) Total charge enclosed by that surface
= 2P 0 Z 0.8
(c) Total current on the surface
= 2 × 0.2881
(d) Total charge density within the surface
= 0.5762

, 8010009955
Sol. (b) (c) Establishes a potential difference creating a
Gauss theorem states that the total electric source of EMF
flux through any closed surface is equal to the
(d) Produces heat raising the temperature
net charge within that closed surface.

D.ds = Q Sol. (a)

enclosed
s
The photoconductivity device is based on the
77. Orbital magnetic moment of an electron, in an decrease i n t he resistance of certai n
atom, is of the order of semiconductor materials when they are
exposed to both infrared and visible radiation.
(a) 0.1 Bohr magneton The photo conductivity is the result of carrier
(b) 1.0 Bohr magneton excitation due to light absorption and the
f i gure of m erit depends on t he l i ght
(c) 10 Bohr magneton absorpti on eff ic ienc y. T he i nc rease in
(d) 100 Bohr magneton conductivity is due to an increase in the
number of mobile charge carriers in the
Sol. (b) material.

T he orbi tal and spi n m agnet i c di pol e 80. The resistivity of intrinsic germanium at 30°C
moments of electrons are of the order of 1 is 0.46 -m . What is the intrinsic carrier density
B.
ni at 30°C, taking the electron mobility µn as
78. When the temperature of a ferromagnetic 0.38 m2/V-s and hole mobility µp as 0.18 m2/V-
material exceeds the Curie temperature, it s?
behaves similar to a
(a) 2.4 × 1019/m3 (b) 4.2 × 1019/m3
(a) Diamagnetic material
(c) 2.4×1010/m3 (d) 4.2 × 1010/m3
(b) Ferrimagnetic material
(c) Paramagnetic material Sol. (a)
As we know that
(d) Antiferromagnetic material
= iq n p
Sol. (c)
Above curie temperature, ferromagnetic 1
= iq n p
material behaves as paramagnetic material.
79. Photoconductiv ity is a characteristic of 1
semiconductors. When light falls on certain i = q
n p
semiconductors, it

(a) Sets free electrons from some of the atoms, 1

increasing the conductivity i = 19
1.6 10 0.46(0.38 0.18)
(b) Ejects electrons into space

, 8010009955
 RT = R0 [1 + T]
1019
i = = 2.42 × 1019 /m 3
0.412 1 1
= [1 + T]
T 0
81. For intrinsic gallium arsenide, conductivity at
1
room temperature is 10–6 -m , the electron 1
T = 0
and hold mobilities are, respectively 0.85 and 1 T
0.04m2/V-s. The intrinsic carrier concentration
1
at room temperature is = 0
1 0.00428 16
(a) 7.0 × 1012m–3 (b) 0.7 × 1012m–3
= 0.9359 0
(c) 7.0 × 10–12m–3 (d) 0.7 × 10–12m–3
i.e. 93.59% of 0

Sol. (a)
So, T (to nearest unit value) is 94% of 0 .
The intrinsic carrier concentration at room
temperature is given by 83. At temperature above a limiting value, the
energy of lattice vibrations, in a conductor,
increases linearly with temperature so that
= q
i
n p resistivity increases linearly with temperature.
In this region, this limiting value of temperature
6 is called
10
i = 19
1.6 0.89 0.04 10 (a) Bernoulli Temperature
(b) Curie Temperature
1013
= (c) DebyeTemperature
1.488
(d) Neel Temperature
= 6.72 × 1012 /m 3

82. A copper conductor has a resistance of 15.5 Sol. (c)

at 0°C. What is its percentage conductivity at
16°C (to nearest unit value) assuming the linearly
temperature coefficient of copper as 0.00428
per °C at 0°C?

(a) 54% (b) 68%

r

(c) 94% (d) 98% T

D
Debye temperature
Sol. (c)
As we know, Above debye temperature, the resistiv ity
increases linearly as shown in the figure.

, 8010009955
84. Consider the following statements: 1. Iron

1. The critical magnetic f ield of a 2. Silver

superconductor is maximum at absolute 3. Constantan
zero.
4. Mica
2. Transition temperature of a superconductor
is sensitive to its structure. 5. Aluminium
3. The critical magnetic f ield of a
Select the correct answer using the codes given
superconductor is zero at its critical
below:
temperature.
4. Superconductors show v ery high (a) 2, 5, 1, 3 and 4
conductivity below the critical temperature.
(b) 4, 5, 3, 1 and 2
Which of the above statements are correct ?
(c) 2, 3, 1, 5 and 4
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1, 2 and 4 only (d) 4, 5, 1, 3 and 2
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 3 and 4 only
Sol. (a)
Sol. (d) Resistivity Table: [Increasing order]
The critical magnetic f ield of a super
conductor is given by
(1) Silver
2
T (2) Copper
Hc = Hc 1 (3) Aluminium
o
Tc
(4) Tungsten
Graphically, (5) Iron
(6) Platinum
Hc (7) Manganin
Hc o (8) Lead
Super Normal (9) Mercury
conductor conductor (10) Nichrome
T.(R) (11) Constantan
o Tc
(12) Graphite Resistivity increases
From the graph, we may conclude that (13) Mica = conductivity decreases

(i) at absolute zero, Hc = maximum = Hco

Hence, from the table:
(ii) at T = T c , Hc = 0
Silver < Aluminium < Iron < Constantan < Mica
(iii) at T < T c , superconductivity is exhibited.
(2) (5) (1) (3) (4)
Hence, statements 1, 3, 4 are correct
86. In the first Cauer network, with a pole at infinity,
85. What is the correct sequence of the following
the first element must be
mateials in ascending order of their resistivity?

, 8010009955
 (a) Series capacitor (b) Series inductor
than .
(c) Shunt capacitor (d) Shunt inductor 2
4. Dot product is equal to the product of one
Sol. (b) vector and the projection of the vector on
the first one.
ansn an 2sn 2
...
Z(s) = m m 2 Select the correct answer using the codes given
bms bm 2 s ...
below:
n > m, a pole is at and it is possible
to represent Z(s) in the continued function (a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1, 3 and 4 only
f orm by d i v i ding t he num e rat or by (c) 1, 2 and 4 only (d) 2, 3 and 4 only
denominator, inventing and dividing until the
expansion terminates. In this case C.F.E will
Sol. (b)
give a series inductor as first element.
Dot product is given by
87. The total magnetic moment
A B A B cos
1. is called saturation magnetization.
2. depends on the number of magnetic dipoles where is angle between the vector A & B.
per unit volume, the instant electric current
Also
and the area of the current loop.
Which of the above statements is/are correct ? B

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Sol. (b)
The total magnetic moment depends on the B cos A
number of magnetic dipoles per unit volume,
the instant electric current and the area of So dot product is product of one vector and
the current loop. the projection of the other vector on the first
vector.
88. Which of the following statements are correct
regarding dot product of vectors? 89. Susceptibility of a diamagnetic material is

1. Dot product is less than or equal to the 1. Negative

product of magnitudes of two vectors.
2. When two vectors are perpendicular to each
other, then their dot product is non-zero.
3. Dot product of two vectors is positive or
negative depending whether the angle
between the vectors is less than or greater
2. Positive
3. Dependent on the temperature
4. Independent of the temperature
Select the correct answer using the codes given
below:

, 8010009955
 (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only MW. The respective cost curves C1 and C2 are
defined as
(c) 1 and 4 only (d) 2 and 4 only
2
C1 = PG1 0.01PG1
Sol. (c)
Susceptibility of a diamagnetic material is: C2 = 5PG2 2
0.02 PG2
(i) Negative
(ii) Independent of temperature Assume the minimum loading on any generator
For other magnetic material susceptibility is ot be 30 MW, the most economical loads PG1
a function of temperature. and PG2 for the two generators are respectively
90. Consider the following statements: (a) 170 MW and 100 MW
1. The susceptibility of diamagnetic materials (b) 200 MW and 100 MW
is small and negative.
(c) 170 MW and 30 MW
2. The susceptibility of para and anti-
ferromagnetic materials is small but positive (d) 200 MW and 30 MW
3. The susceptibility has a finite value for free
space or air. Sol. (d)

Which of the above statements are correct ? Given

P1 + P2 = 200MW ...(i)
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only Pmin = 30 MW
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 C1 = P1 + 0.01P12
Sol. (a) C2 = 5P2 + 0.02P22

(1) The m agnet i c suscept i bi l i t y of C1

= 1 + 2 (0.01) P1 = 1
di am agnet i c m at erial s are sm al l and P1
negative.
C2
(2) The magnetic susceptibility of para and = 5 + 2 (0.02) P2 =
P2 2
anti ferro-magnetic materials is small but
positive.
incremental fuel cost 1 2
(3) The magnetic susceptibility of free space
or air is zero. 1 + 2 (0.01) P1 = 5 + 2 (0.02) P2
0.02 P1 – 0.04 P2 = 4
m = r 1
= 1 – 1 [ for air = 1] 4
m r P1 – 2P2 =
0.02
m = 0
Hence (a) is correct. 400
P1 – 2P2 =
2
91. A lossless power system has two generators
P1 – 2P2 = 200 ...(ii)
G1 and G2; and total load to be served is 200

, 8010009955
 Solving equations (i) and (ii) Salient Pole machine
P1 = 200 and P2 = 0 P
But given minimum loading should be 30 MW
92. In a 3-phase ac power transmission system
= 90°
using synchronous generation Pmax
(a) The steady state power limits of both round
rotor and salient pole machines are reached

of their respective power angle 90°

2
characteristics.
From the characteristics the steady state
(b) the steady state power limit of round rotor power limit for salient pole machine occurs
motor machiens occurs at a much smaller at smaller load angle hence. Option (c)
angle as compared to that of salient
93. Bulk power transmission over long HVDC lines
pole machine power angle characteristics.
is preferred because of
(c) The steady state power limit of salient pole
(a) Low cost of HVDC terminal
machines occurs at smaller angle as
compared to that of round rotor machine (b) No harmonic losses
power angle characteristics. (c) Minimum line power losses
(d) The transient state power limits of (d) Simple protection
synchronous gemnerators do not depend
on initial load just before the large change Sol. (c)
in load or on 3-phase fault. • We can observe from the graph when
Sol. (c) the length of the line is less than 500
kms HVDC is costlier because of high
Round rotor machine
cost of HVDC terminal.
P (Power)
Cost
AC
Pmax (steady state dc transmission transmission
power limit)

= 90° (load angle)

(500 km) length

(km)

, 8010009955
 • Beyond 500km range HVDC becomes (c) 1.98 W and 0.792 W
cheaper because of less transmission
(d) 2.2 W and 0.792 W
losses and No stability problems where
as AC transmission liner are having
Sol. (c)
higher cost because of 3 lines, it also
losses and stability problem. From the given circuit
94. The turn-off time of a thyristor is 30 µs at 50°C. VCE VCE sat 200 2
What is its turn-off time at 100°C? IC max
RL 10
(a) 15 µs (b) 30 µs = 19.8A
(c) 60 µs (d) 120 µs Therefore, switching power loss during turn
on
Sol. (c)
VCE max .IC max . t on
The turn-off time is temperature dependent = Won fs fs
6
and doubles between 25°C to 125°C hence
turn off time = 2 30 s 200 19.8 3 10 6
= 1 103
6
= 60 s
= 1.98 W
95. The IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)
and during turnoff, the switching power loss
used in the circuit has the following data: tON =
3 µs, tOFF = 1.2 µs, Duty cycle (D) = 0.7, VCE(sat) VCE max ICE max .t off
= 2 V and f s = 1 kHz. = Woff .fs fs
6
What are the switching power losses during 6
200 19.8 1.2 10
turn-on and turn-off, respectively? = 1 10 3
6
= 0.792 W

10 96. Consider the following statements with regard

RL
to a GTO :
IC
+ 1. The turn-off gain of the GTO is large.
VCE = 200 V
+ – 2. Large negative gate current pulses are
G
required to turn off the GTO.
E 3. GTO has large reverse blocking capability
VGE

Which of the above statemetns is/are correct?

–
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only

(a) 1.98 W and 1.7 W (c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

(b) 2.2 W and 1.7 W

Sol. (b)

, 8010009955
 1. The turn-off gain of the GTO is small
hence statement 1 is false
2. A large negative gate current with short
duration is required to turn off the GTO
hence statement 2 is true
3. GTO has less reverse blocking hence
statement 3 is false
97. Consider the following statements with regard
to power diodes:
1. The breakdown v oltage is directly
proportional to the doping density of the drift
region.
2. Losses in the diode are less due to
conductivity modulation of the drift region in
the on-state.
3. The vertically oriented structure supports
large blocking voltages.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
Sol. (c)
1. The break down voltage is inversely
proportinal to the doping denstiy of the
drift region hence statement 1 is false.
2. Losses in the diode are more due to
addition of significant ohmic resistance
to the diode when it is conducting a
forward current. This leads to large power
dissipation of diode. Hence statement 2
is false
3. Power diodes are constructed with a
vertically oriented structure that includes
a drift region to support large blocking
voltages. Hence statement 3 is true.
98. A three-phase fully-controlled bridge converter
is connected to a 415 V supply, having a source
resistance of 0.3 and inductance of 1.2 mH
per phase. The converter is woking in the
inversion mode at a firing advance angle of
30°. What is the average generator voltage for
the condition: dc current Id = 60A, thyristor drop
= 1.5 V and f = 50 Hz?
(a) 180 V (b) 210 V
(c) 230 V (d) 240 V
Sol. (*)
99. A large dc motor is required to control the speed
of the blower from a 3-phase ac source. The
suitable ac to dc converter is, 3-phase
(a) Fully controlled bridge converter
(b) Fully controlled bridge converter with free
wheeling diode
(c) Half controlled bridge converter
(d) Converter pair in sequence control
Sol. (c)
The power rating of the blower is high as
the dc motor rating is large and hence inertia
is more. Therefore speed can be controlled
by just 3-phase half cont rol led bridge
converter.
100. Consider the following statements:
1. The voltage developed across the OFF
switches of the half bridge converter is the
maximum dc link voltage.
2. In the full bridge converter, the voltage
across the primary of the transformer is the
dc link voltage.
3. The voltage developed across the OFF
switches of the full bridge converter in half
the maximum dc link votage.
Which of the above statements are correct?
, 8010009955
 (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 2 and 3 only
Sol. (c)
Directions: Each of the next twenty (20) items
consists of two statements, one labelled as
‘Statement (I)’ and the other as ‘Statement (II)’.
Examine these two statements carefully and select
the answers to these items using the codes given
below:
Codes :
(a) Both Statement (I) and Statements (II) are
individually true and Statements (II) is the
correct explanation of Statement (I)
(b) Both Statment (I) and Statement (II) are
individually true but Statement (II) is not
the correct explanation of Statement (I)
(c) Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is
false
(d) Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is
true
101. Statement (I) : A superconductor is a perfect
diamagnetic material.
Statement (II) : A superconductor is a perfect
conductor.
Sol. (c)
Statement I: A superconductor satisf ies
following criteria
(i) Perfect diamagnnetism
(ii) H < Hc
(iii) T < T c
So statement (I) is correct
Statement II: A superconductor is not perfect
conductor because a perfect conductor may
or may not exhibit diamagnetism.
So statement (II) is wrong.
102. Statement (I) : Limit ing f actor of DC
transmission is the high cost of conversion
equipment.
Statement (II) : Generation of harmonics is used
for reactive power transfer only which has the
ability to alter voltage levels.
Sol. (b)
Statement 1: HVDC terminals are of high
cost hence statement 1 is true.
Statement 2: Generation of harmonic is used
f or reactiv e power transf er only hence
statement 2 is also true.
Statement 1 and 2 are individually true
but statement 2 is not correct explanation of
1.
103. Statement (I) : A lattice defect gets created
whenever the periodicity or order of the crystal
lattice gets disturbed.
Statement (II) : Point defect, line defect, surface
defect and volume defect create defect in
lattice.
Sol. (b)
Statement I: whenever there is irregularity
in the periodicity of atoms in a crystal lattice
voids or sites may get created which is called
as lattice defects. so, statement I is true.
Statement II: Point, line, surface and volume
def ects a re basi cal l y 0-di m ensi onal ,
1-di m ens i onal , 2-di m ensi onal and
3-dimensional defects respectively which
occurs in a lattice at different condition. so
statement II is true.
, 8010009955
 But statement II does not follow statement I
because statement II depends on various
other factors other than periodic arrangement
of atoms.
104. Statement (I) : To measure power consumed
by the load, it is necessary to interchange the
pressure coil terminals when the pointer of a
wattmeter kicks back.
Statement (II) : The pressure coil terminals are
interchanged to get upscale reading in a
wattmeter without affecting the continuity of
power to the load.
Sol. (a)
When pointer of a wattmeter kicks back, it
means power is negative. So, we must either
reverse the current coil or the pressure coil
connections. Hence statement I is correct.
The statement II is the correct explanation
of statement I.
105. Statement (I) : An instrument manufacture as
an ammeter should not be used as a voltmeter.
Statement (II) : The high resistance winding of
an ammeter will suffer serious damage if
connected across a high voltage source.
Sol. (c)
An instrument manufactured as an ammeter
should not be used as a voltmeter, as the
low resistance winding of an ammeter will
suffer serious damage if connected across a
high voltage source statement (II) is false.
But a voltmeter can be used as an ammeter
as no damage will be done by connecting a
voltmeter as an ammeter as long as the
voltage of the system is not above the range
of voltmeter.
106. Statement (I) : Moving iron instruments are used
in ac circuits only.
Statement (II) : The deflecting torque in moving
iron instruments depends on the square of the
current.
Sol. (d)
• Moving iron insturments are used in both
ac and dc circuits.
• The deflecting torque in MI instruements
depends on the square of the current.
1 2 dL
Td I
2 d
107. Statement (I) : PMMC insturments are suitable
in aircraft and air space applications.
Statement (II) : PMMC instruments use a core
magnet which possesses self -sheielding
property.
Sol. (a)
PMMC instruments use a core magent which
posses self-shielding property because of
high magnetic field produced by permanent
magnet. Hence, this type of instruments find
appl i c at i o n i n ai rcraf t and ai r spac e
application.
108. Statement (I) : A ballistic galvanometer is
preferred as a detector in an AC bridge to
measure inductance supplied by a source at
power frequency.
Statement (II) : An AC bridge to measure
inductance is balanced at the fundamental
component.
, 8010009955
Sol. (d)
For AC bridge, used for measurement of
inductance, the circuit balance equations are
independent of frequency. An AC bridge to
measure inductance is balanced at the
fundamental component.
109. Statement (I) : Phase lag network is used to
increase stability as well as bandwidth of the
system.
Statement (II) : Phase lead network increases
bandwidth of the system.
Sol. (d)
T he phase l ag net work red uc es t he
bandwidth. Hence statement– I is wrong.
110. Statement (I) : The inductor is not used to
fabricate a lag network as it produces time
delay and hysteresis loss.
Statement (II) : A capacitor cannot be used to
fabricate a lag network.
Sol. (c)
Inductance is not used in lag network
beacause of time delay and hysteresis
losses. So statement 1 is correct.
Phase lag compensating network is given
as:
R1
i
R2
e1 e0
C phase 4-wire circuits hence Statement-I is
Hence statement (II) is wrong.
111. Statement (I) : Roots of closed-loop control
systems can be obtained from the Bode plot.
Statement (II) : Nyquist criterion does not give
direct value of corner frequencies.
Sol. (d)
From bode plot we can determine the open
loop transfer function but to determine the
roots of closed-loop control system we have
t o k now G (s) or H(s) seperat ely. So,
statement-I is wrong.
112. Statement (I) : The IGBT makes use of the
advantages of both powers MOSFET and BJT.
Statement (II) : The IGBT has MOS input
characteristic and bipolar output characteristic.
Sol. (a)
Statement I: IGBT makes use of advantages
of both power MOSFET and BJT hence
statement-I is true.
Statement II: IGBT has high impedance gate
like MOSFET at input. Like BJT IGBT has
small on-state voltage.
113. Statement (I) : The power distribution systems
are 3-phase 4-wire circuits.
Statement (II) : A neutral wire is necessary to
supply single-phase loads of domestic and
marginal commercial consumers.
Sol. (a)
Statement I: The distribution systems are 3-
true.
Statement I: A neutral wire is necessary to
supply single-phase loads of domestic and
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 marginal commercial consumers hence
statement-II is true
Both statements are true and statement-II is
correct explanation of statement-I
114. Statement (I) : The maximum torque of an
induction motor is independent of rotor
resistance.
Statement (II) : The slip at which the maximum
torque occurs is directly proportional to rotor
resistance.
The slip at which maximum torque occurs
directly proportional to resistance of rotor (R)
hence Statement-II is true.
Both statements I and II are true but II is not
correct explanation of A hence answer is
option (b).
115. Statement (I) : A 3-phase induction motor is a
self-starting machine.
Statement (II) : A star-delta starter is used to
produce starting torque for the induction motor.

Sol. (b) Sol. (c)

Statement-I: A 3-phase induction motor is
self starting machine hence statement-I is
Tmax Tmax
T
2 1
true

Statement-II: A star-delta starter is used to

reduce the starting current of the induction
motor hence statement-II is false.
116. Statement (I) : Leakage reactance of the lower
cage in a double-squirrel-cage motor is
considerably higher than that of the upper cage.
Nr = Ns
s2 s1 s=0
(Nr = 0 Statement (II) : The lower cage has high
s = 1) Tmax2 = Tmax1 permeance for leakage flux.

Sol. (a)
We know condition for maximum torque is The lower cage has high permeance for
R leakage flux due to which in a double squirrel
X cage motor leakage reactance of the lower
s
cage is higher than that of upper cage.
R 117. Statement (I) : Superconducting compounds
i.e. s = (Max) s R
X and alloys must have components which are
where s = slip at which maximum torque themselves superconducting.
Statement-I i s as the rot or resi stance Statement (II) : Metals and compounds which
changes the slip at which maximum torque are superconducting are rather bad conductors
occurs changes but maximum torque remains at ordinary temperatures.
same.

, 8010009955
Sol. (d) across at ac supply. The circuit exhibits two
A l arge num ber of m etal s becom e reasonance when L is variable.
superconducting below a temperature which
Statement (II) : The circuit has two values of L
is characteristic of the particular metal.
for which the imaginary part of the input
Superconducting compounds and alloys do
admittance of the circuit is zero.
not necessarily have compounds which are
themselv es superconducting. Note that
metals which are very good conductors at Sol. (a)
room temperature eg. Cu, Ag, Au do not For the circuit given below,
exhibit superconducting properties, whereas
m etal s and com p ounds whi ch i s
superconducting are rather bad conductors R R
at ordinary temperature. Further-more, A.C
monovalent metal and ferromagnetic and input
y L C
ant i -f erro -m agneti c m at eri al s are not
superconducting.
118. Statement (I) : The relative dielectric consstant
1 1
of an insulator decreases with increase in the
Admittance y j = R j L j
frequency of the applied alternating field. R
C
Statement (II) : With increase in frequency of
j
the applied field, polarization process increases. R
R j L C
= 2 2
Sol. (c) R
2
L 2 1
R
Mathematically C

For resonance, Im y j = 0
r
tan =
r 1
C L
2 2 2 = 0
as f tan 2 1 R L
r R
C
Hence as f , relative dielectric constant
decreases. 1 2 1
2
R2 L = L R2
So statement I is correct. C C
Polarisation means orientation and depends
Above equation is a quadratic equation in
on the applied E and H field. With change in ‘L’, which gives two values of ‘L’ for which
frequency its orientation can not be changed. Imaginary part of admittance is zero.
It can be changed only when either or both R R
E and H fields changes. y j = 2 2 2
R L 2 1
119. Statement (I) : One series RC circuit and the R
C
other series RL circuit are connected in parallel
(At resonance)

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 For two values of ‘L’, given circuit exhibits
two resonance.
120. Statement (I) : The power available from wind
is directly proportional to V3, where V is the
velocity.
Statement (II) : Drag type wind turbines have
lower speed and high torque capabilites.
122. The phenomenon of magnetostriction occurs
when a ferromagnetic substance is magnetized
resulting in
(a) Heating
(b) Small changes in its dimesnions
(c) Small changes in its crystal structure
(d) Some change in its mechanical properties

Sol. (b) Sol. (b)

Power of wind turbine Magnetostriction is characterised by change
(P) = 0.5 × swept area × Air density × in the physical dimension of the magnetic
(Velocity)3 material when magnetic field is applied to it:

hence statement-I is true (P V3 ) 123. What type of defect causes F-centers in a

crystal?
Drag type wind turbines have lower speed
and hi gh t orque capabi li t i es henc e (a) Stoichiometric defect
statement-II is also true. (b) Metal excess defect due to anion vacancies
But statement-II is not correct explanation of (c) Metal excess defect due to extra cations
statement-I hence. (d) Frenkel defect

121. Eddy current losses in transformer cores can Sol. (b)

be reduced by the use of
In metal excess def ect due to anionic
1. Solid cores vacancies causes F-centers in a crystal. This
2. Laminated cores type of defect is observed in those crystals
3. Ferrites which are likely to form schottky defects.
Alkali metal halides like NaCl and KCl show
Select the correct answer using he codes given
this type of defect.
below:
(a) 2 and 3 only (b) 1 and 2 only 124. Consider the following statements:
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 1. Superconductors exhibit normal conductivity
behaviour above a transition temperature
Sol. (a) Tc
Eddy current losses in a transformer can be 2. Superconductors lose their superconducting
reduced by: nature in an external magnetic field, provided
(1) Solid cores (statement 1 is false) the external magnetic field is above a critical
value
(2) Laminated cores (statement 2 is true)
3. High Tc superconductors have Tc values in
(3) Ferrites (statement 3 is true)
the range 1 to 10 K
hence statement 2 and 3 are true Which of the above statements are correct?

, 8010009955
 (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only 2. Nano materials have enchanced of changed
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 structural property
3. Nano elements lend themselv es to
Sol. (a) mechanical processing like rolling, twisting,
(1) at T > T c , superconductivity is lost and positioning
hence behaves as normal conductor. 4. Nano elements show important electrical,
(2) at H > Hc , superconductivity is lost. magnetic and optical characteristics that are
useful in electrical inductry
125. Superconductivity is a material property Which of the above statements are correct?
associated with
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(a) Changing shape by stretching (b) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(b) Stretching without breaking (c) 3 and 4 only
(c) A loss of thermal resistance (d) 1, 2 and 4 only
(d) A loss of electrical resistance
Sol. (b)
Sol. (d) The atomic radius is of the order of 10 –10 to
A superconductor exhibits zero electrical 10–14 m whereas Nano means 10–9m whose
resistance below transition temperature. order of dimension is higher and nano
materials do exist in the ferm of rods, tabes,
126. An atom in a crystal vibrates at a frequency,
spheres etc. Nano elements under goes nano
determined by
technology in which manipulation of materials
1. Crystal heat current are done and processed at the nanoscale
2. Crystal temperature l ev el . Su c h as carbon nano tabe et c .
3. The stiffness of the bonds with neighbour Moreover, Nano elements exhibit prominent
atoms electrical, magnetic, optical characteristics
and these materials can be processed
Select the correct answer using the codes given
through rolling etc.
below:
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only 128. The voltage and current waveforms for an
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 element are shown in the figure

Sol. (c) i(t) v(t)

An atom in a crystal vibrates at a frequency,
determined by the stiffness of the bonds with
neighbor atoms. 2A 2V
127. Consider the following statmenets:
1. Nano means 10–9 so that nano materials
have an order of dimension higher than the
size of atom and come in the form of rods, 0 2s t 2s t
tubes, spheres or even thin sheets/films

, 8010009955
 The circuit element and its value are Also, No. of links = No. of mesh equations
= No. of tie sets
(a) Capacitor, 2F (b) Inductor, 2H
(c) Capacitor, 0.5F (d) Inductor, 0.5H 130. For the circuit shown, Thevenin’s open circuit
v ol tage V oc and Thev enin’s equiv al ent
Sol. (b) resistnace R eq at terminals A – B are,
respectively,
i(t) v(t) 2.5 R3
5 R1

A
2A 2V

t t 5 R2 R4 RL
2s 2s 50 V 5

Here, voltage across the unknown element

d B
= K {current flowing through the
dt
element} (a) 6.25 V and 2.5 (b) 12.5 V and 5

di (c) 6.25 V and 5 (d) 12.5 V and 2.5

i.e. V = K
dt
Sol. (d)
Thus, the circuit element is an inductor.
To find Thevenin’s voltage (V Th = VOC i.e.
di open circuit voltage across load)
Also, 2 = L
dt
5 V 2.5 A
2 1 +
L = 2
2 50 5 5 Vo.c.
L = 2 Henry
–
129. In a connected graph, the total number of B
branches is b and the total number of nodes is Apply KCL at node ‘1’, we get
n. Then the number of links L of a co-tree is
V 50 V V
(a) b – n (b) b – n – 1 =0
5 5 7.5
(c) b + n – 1 (d) b – n + 1
2V 50 V
=0
Sol. (d) 5 7.5
Number of links (L) of a co-tree = (No. of
75
branches) – {(No. of nodes) – 1} V = V
4
= b – (n – 1)
= b – n + 1 V 0
VOC = 5
7.5

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 75 1 M
= 5 12 8
4 7.5
= 12.5 V 8V 8 2V
To find Thevenin’s resistance (R Th): Short vx
circuit the voltage source. N
5 2.5
A Let us assume that ‘M’ is the referenced
ground/datum node.
s.c. 5 5 RTh Applying KCL at node ‘N’, we get

B Vx 8 Vx Vx 2
= 0
RTh = {(5||5) + 2.5}||5 = {2.5 + 2.5}||5 12 8 8

= (5||5) = 2.5 Vx 8 2Vx 2

= 0
12 8
131. What is the current through the 8 resistance
connected acorss terminals, M and N in the 11
Vx = V
circuit? 4

Vx 11
M Current flowing in branch NM = A
12 8 8 4 8
= 0.34 A [From N to M]
132. What is the value of resistance R which will
allow maximum power dissipation in the circuit?
8V 8 2V 20 5 a

+
8V 10 R
N
–
(a) 0.34 A from M to N
(b) 0.29 A from M to N
(c) 0.29 A from N to M
(d) 0.34 A from N to M b
(a) 11.66 (b) 10.33
Sol. (d)
(c) 8.33 (d) 7.66

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Sol. (a) P5 = 10 W
To find Thevenin resistance (RTh) : Deactivate
2
the voltage source Irms 5 = 10
20 5
a Irms = 2

s.c. 10 RTh Im
= 2
2
b
Im = 2A
RTh = {(20||10) + 5}
V = I |Z|
= 11.67
2
50 = 2 225 XL
For maximum power transfer to the load
resistance (R), 25 = 225
2
XL
R = RTh XL = 20
= 11.67 R 15 3
Power factor = cos = 0.6
Z 25 5
133. Two resistors of 5 and 10 and an inductor
134. A two-element sereis circuit is connected across
L are connected in series across a 50 cos t
an AC source given by
voltage source. If the power consumed by the
5 resistor is 10 W, the power factor of the e 200 2 sin(314t 20)V . The current is then
circuit is f ound to be i 10 2 cos(314t 25)V . The
(a) 1.0 (b) 0.8 parameters of the circuit are
(c) 0.6 (d) 0.4
(a) R = 20 and C = 160 F
Sol. (c)
(b) R = 14.14 and C = 225 F

5 10 L (c) L = 45 mH and C = 225 F

(d) L = 45 mH and C = 160 F

Sol. (b)

i 10 2 cos(314t 25)
i
A B
50 cos t

Z = 15 + jXL
2
|Z| = 225 XL
e 200 2 sin(314t 20)

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 Sol. (b)
e = 200 2 sin 314t 20
Slew rate of an op-Amp is defined as the
i = 10 2 cos 314t 25 maximum rate of change of output voltage with
time. It is given by
i = 10 2 sin 314t 65
dV0
i lead by v by 45°. Therefore elements are R Slew rate (SR) =
dt maximum
& C.
The output voltage of the Op-amp changes by
em 200 2 10 V in time (t, say). Then
|Z| = 20
im 10 2 10
SR = 1V/µs =
t
j
Z = R
C 10V
t =
1 V/µs
1 1
Z = R2 2 2
tan 1
= 10µs
C RC
136. A three-phase star-connected load is operating
1 at a power factor angle with being the
|Z| = R2 2 2
C angle between
(a) Line voltage and line current
2
2 1 (b) Phase voltage and phase current
20 = R …(i)
314C (c) Line voltage and phase current
(d) Phase voltage and line current
1 1
tan = 45°
RC Sol. (b, d)
A 3-phase star connected load is operating
1
= 1 at a power factor angle , with being the
RC
angle between phase voltage and line current
1 1 (or) phase voltage and phase current as in
RC = …(ii)
314
VL
Solving equation (i) and (ii) we get Y-connected load I L = I P and Vph =
3
R = 14.14 and C = 225 µF
We know is any power system
135. How fast can be output of an OP Amp change
VL = Vph(load) + (Z phase) I ph
by 10 V, if its slew rate is 1 V / s ?
sending end angle is more than receiving
end angle
(a) 5 s (b) 10 s
s r
(c) 15 s (d) 20 s

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137. For a two-part reciprocal network, the three Sol. (None)
thransmission parameters are A = 4, B = 7 and Let the charge on the plates be Q. Then
C = 5. What is the value of D? Q = CV
(a) 9.5 (b) 9.0 A
( C and voltage,
(c) 8.5 (d) 8.0 A E d
= Electric field E
d d
V
Sol. (b) dis tance d
Network to be reciprocal if
Q E 0 r
E
AD – BC = 1 = 2 2
A d d
4D – 7 × 5 = 1
4D = 36 8.854 10
12
2.2 3 10
4
= 2
3
D 9 5 10

138. Consider the following as representations of 12 4

8.854 2.2 3 10 10
reciprocity in terms of z-paramters: = 6
25 10
1. z11 = z12 = 2.33 × 10–2 c/m2
2. z12 = z22
= 23.3 × 10–3 c/m2
3. z12 = z21
Which of the above representations is/are 140. What is the potential drop across the 80
correct? resitor in the figure?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
80 20
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

Sol. (c)
Condition for reciprocity in Z parameter
Z12 Z 21
25 V
Condition for symmetricity in Z parameter

Z11 Z 22 (a) 20 V (b) 15 V

(c) 10 V (d) 5 V
139. A parallel-phate capacitor is made of two
circular plates separated by a distance of 5 Sol. (a)
mm and with a dielectric with dielectric constant 80 20
of 2.2 between them. When the electric field in
the diectric is 3 × 104 V/m, the charnge density
of the positive plate will be, nearly
25 V
(a) 58.5 × 104 C/m2 (b) 29.5 × 104 C/m2
(c) 29.5 × 10–4 C/m2 (d) 58.5 × 10–4 C/m2

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 80 143. A drawn wire of resistnace 5 is further drawn
V80 = 25 so that its diameter becomes one-fifth of the
80 20
orginal. What is its resitance with volume
80 remaining the same?
= 25 = 20 V
100
(a) 25 (b) 125
V80 20V (c) 625 (d) 3125

141. When 7/0.029 V.I.R cable is carrying 20 A, a Sol. (d)

drop of 1 V occurs every 12 m. The voltage
Since, volume of the wire remain same
drop in a 100 m run of this cable when it is
carrying 10 V is nearly 4 2 4 2
So, r1 1 = r2 2
(a) 4.2 V (b) 3.2 V 3 3
(c) 1.2 V (d) 0.42 V
r12 1 = r22 2

Sol. (a) 2 2
d1 d2
142. Consider the following statements: 1 = 2
2 2
If a high Q parallel resonant circuit is loaded
d12 1 = d22 2
with a resistance
1. The circuit impedance reduces 2
d1
2. The resonant frequency remains the same d12 1 = 2
5
3. The bandwidth reduces
Which of the above statments is/are correct? 2 25 1

(a) 3 only (b) 2 only i.e. length becomes 25 times that of original one
(c) 1 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
.
Now, resistance R =
Sol. (d) A A.

For parallel resonant circuit 2

=
V
1
0 =
LC 2
i.e. R
and Q = 0RC 2
R1 1
so as R increases Q increases but 0 R2 = 2
remains same.
2
Impedance of parallel resonant circuit will 5 1
reduce on increasing resistance. R2 = 25 1

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 R 2 = 25 2
5 5 103 5 103
21.65 0
IR = V 0 400
= 625 × 5
ph 0
3

= 3125
3 103
IY = V
144. The three non-indcutive loads of 5 kW, 3 kW ph 120
and 2 kW are connected in a star network
bewteen R, Y and B phases and neutral. The = 12.99 120
line voltage is 400 V. The current in the neutral
wire is nearly 2 103
8.66 240
(a) 11 A (b) 14 A IB = 400
240
(c) 17 A (d) 21 A 3
IN = IR + I Y + I B
Sol. (a)
= 21.65 0 12.99 120 8.66 240
R

= 11.45 19.10 11 A
400
0 5 kW
3 145. Kirchhoff’s current law is applicable to
N 1. Closed loops in a circuit
2 kW 3 kW 2. Junction in a circuit
y
B 3. Magnetic circuits
Which of the above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
Given line voltage V L = 400V (c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

VL 400 Sol. (b)

Vph = I1 ‘N’ I2
3 3
R1 VN R3
PR = VphR IphR cos R 5kW
+
+
V1 V2
PY = VphY IphY cos Y 3kW
I3 R2
– –
PB = VphB IphB cos B 2kW

For non inductive loads 0 cos 1 Applying KCL at mode ‘N’

I1 + I 2 = I 3

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 a closed loop is proportional to electric
V1 VN V2 VN VN
current plus displacement current (rate of
R1 R3 R2
change of electric field) it encloses.
KCL is applicable to junction in the circuit. E
H E
146. Which of the following are satisfied in a non- t
linar network? 148. Consider the following statements:
1. Associative 1. Network theorems are not derivable from
2. Superposition Kirchoff’s law
3. Homogeneity 2. To get the Norton current, one has to short
4. Bilaterality the current source
Select the correct answer using the codes given 3. Thevenin’s theorem is suitable for a circuit
below: involv ing voltage sources and series
(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 1 and 4 only connections
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 2 and 4 only Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 only
Sol. (b) (c) 2 only (d) 3 only
For Linear Network there are two rules to be Sol. (d)
followed by network Thevenin Theorem: A linear active RLC
(i) Superposition net work whi ch c ontai ns on e or m ore
x1 t y1 t independent or dependent voltage or current
source can be replaced by a single voltage
x2 t y2 t soruce in series with equivalent impedance.
zeq
x1 t x2 t y1 t y2 t a
(ii) Homogeneity a +
N Voc
x t y t a' –
a'
ax t ay t Norton’s Theorem: A linear active RLC
net work whi ch c ontai ns on e or m ore
independent or dependent voltage or current
E
147. H E is source can be replace by a single current
t
source in parallel with equivalent impedance.
(a) Modified Faraday’s law a
a
(b) Gauss’s law N ISC zeq
(c) Biot-Savart law a'
a'
(d) Modified Ampere’s law
Sol. (d) VOC
Z eq
ISC
Amperis circuital law with maxwell addition
states that the magnetic field induced around I sc short circuit current between a & a .

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149. What are the Thevenin’s equivalent voltage VTH 120
and resistance RTH between the terminals A = 100
288
and B of the circuit? = 41.67 V

150. What is the current through the 5 resistance

R168
in the circuit shown?
R2 100
5
Vs 100 V A

R3 120

4 6
B 5A 10A

(a) 4.16 V and 120 (b) 41.67 V and 120

(c) 4.16 V and 70 (d) 41.67 V and 70
Sol. (d) (a) 5.33 A (b) 4.66 A
T hev eni n’s resi stance i s ob tai ned by (c) 2.66 A (d) 1.33 A
replacing the voltage source by its internal Sol. (c)
resistance. Here, voltage source is ideal one,
so it has no internal resistance 5
RTh:
68

R1 5A 4 10A
6
R2 100

A
Using source conversion:
R3 120 4 5

B
+ +
So, RTh = (168) || (120) 20V 60V
– –
168 120
= 70
168 120
Now, Thevenin’s voltage is the voltage
across the terminal A-B. 60 20
I =
120 4 5 6
So, VTh = VAB = 100
120 168
I 2.66A

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