Title: To generate quadrature phase shift keying modulation.

Task No. 4
Name : Shaik Suhil Irshad
Reg.no: 18BEC2007
Date : 9 – 03 - 2020

Aim: To generate quadrature phase shift keying modulation.

Theory: QPSK is also known as quaternary PSK, quadriphase PSK, 4-

PSK, or 4-QAM. It is a phase modulation technique that transmits
two bits in four modulation states. Phase of the carrier takes on one
of four equally spaced values such as π/4, 3π/4, 5π/4 and7π/4.

Alorithm:
Representation of message signal.
Generate odd and even part of message signal
Representation of modulated signal using for and if loop
Representation of received QPSK Output

Matlab Code:

Clc
close all

clearall

N=8;

b=randi([0,1],1,N);

bp=2*b1;

bo=bp(1:2:N);

be=bp(2:2:N);

E=1;

T=1;

fc=10;

fs=10*fc;

no=0.3;

snr=10*log10(E/no);

t=0:1/fs:N*T;

cc=sqrt(2/T)*cos(2*pi*fc*t);

cs=sqrt(2/T)*sin(2*pi*fc*t);

m=zeros(size(t));
R=zeros(size(t));

Bo=zeros(size(t));

Be=zeros(size(t));

For i=1:N*T=sqrt(E)*bp(i);

end

fori=1:N*T/2

Bo(2*fs*(i-1)+1:2*fs*i)=sqrt(E)*bo(i);

Be(2*fs*(i-1)+1:2*fs*i)=sqrt(E)*be(i);

end

QPSK=Bo.*cc+Be.*cs;

x=awgn(QPSK,snr);

dc=x.*cc;ds=x.*cs;

ro=zeros(1,N/2);

re=zeros(1,N/2);

r=zeros(1,N);

fori=1:N*T/2 xo=sum(dc(2*fs*(i1)+1:2*fs*i));

xe=sum(ds(2*fs*(i-1)+1:2*fs*i));
if xo>0ro(i)=1;

endif xe>0re(i)=1;

end

endr(1:2:end)=ro;

r(2:2:end)=re;

fori=1:N*T r(fs*(i-1)+1:fs*i)=sqrt(E)*(2*r(i)-1);

end

subplot(4,1,1);

stairs(t,m);

axis([0,N*T,-1.2,1.2]);

xlabel('Time');

ylabel('Amplitude');

title('Message Signal');

subplot(4,1,2);

stairs(t,Bo);

axis([0,N*T,-1.2,1.2]);

xlabel('Time');
ylabel('Amplitude');

title('Odd Message Signal');

subplot(4,1,3);

stairs(t,Be);

axis([0,N*T,-1.2,1.2]);

xlabel('Time');

ylabel('Amplitude');

title('Even Message Signal');

subplot(4,1,4);

stairs(t,cc);

axis([0,N*T,-1.2,1.2]);

xlabel('Time');

ylabel('Amplitude');

title('Cosine CarrierSignal');

subplot(3,1,1);

plot(t,cs);xlabel('Time');

ylabel('Amplitude');
title('Sine Carrier Signal');

subplot(3,1,2);

plot(t,QPSK);

xlabel('Time');

ylabel('Amplitude');

title('QPSK Signal');

subplot(3,1,3);

plot(t,x);

xlabel('Time');

ylabel('Amplitude');

title('Recieved QPSK Signal');

Graphical Output (Captured photo)
Result and inference:

• The given above code is successfully able to give QPSK

modulated waveform.

• The QPSK Modulator uses a bit-splitter, two multipliers with

local oscillator, a 2-bit serial to parallel converter, and a summer
circuit