closest-in-meaning.

A
1.Due to the fact that the demand for tea was very high in the 19th century, its price was
astronomical.
A) It was not until the 19th century that the demand for tea started to increase.
B) The demand for tea was so high in the 19th century that its price was enormous.
C) In the 19th century the price for tea didn't increase despite the demand.
D) It was its astronomical price which decreased the demand for tea in the 19th century.
E) In the 19th century, even though the demand for tea was enormous its price remained cheap.

2. French is the only language other than English spoken on five continents.
A) French and English are the only languages that are spoken on five continents.
B) Unlike French, English is spoken on five continents.
C) French and English are spoken widely in official and commercial circles.
D) Before English, French was the only language spoken on five continents.
E) Worldwide, French is the most widely taught second language after English.

3. Adults laugh less than children, probably because they play less.
A) unlike adults children laugh more while playing games.
B) Since adults have less time playing games; they don't laugh as much as children
C) No matter how much adults play, they can't laugh more than children.
D) It seems that adults, who don't laugh much, didn't play much with other children when they were young.
E) The reason why adults laugh less than children might be that they play less.

4. We must remember what happened in the past so that it will never happen again.
A) If we could remember the past, it would not happen again.
B) Since we all tend to forget what happened in the past we do the same mistakes again.
C) We couldn't remember what happened in the past so we did it again.
D) In order not to repeat the past, we should certainly not forget what happened then.
E) Those who couldn't remember what happened in the past were more likely to repeat it.

5. After failing a doping test at the Seoul Olympics, Ben Johnson was stripped of his gold medal.
A) At the Seoul Olympics Ben Johnson and many others were disqualified after failing a doping test.
B) If Ben Johnson hadn't been tested positive for doping at the Seoul Olympics, he wouldn't have lost his
gold medal.
C) Since Ben Johnson confessed having used doping his gold medal was taken back.
D) As Ben Johnson failed the doping test again at the Seoul Olympics, he was stripped of his gold medal.
E) Although Ben Johnson failed the doping test he wasn't disqualified from the Seoul Olympics.

B
1. Large cigars have been smoked in Cuba since the sixteenth century, but only a few are
manufactured for export.
A) Although large cigars have been smoked since the sixteenth century in Cuba, not many of them are
produced for export.
B) Cuba has been exporting large cigars to foreign markets since the sixteenth century but nevertheless only
a few people know this fact.
C) In the sixteenth century large cigars were produced in Cuba not only for inland use but also for export.
D) Cuba has been producing large cigars since the sixteenth century however they are not sold in export.
E) Although large cigars have been manufactured in Cuba for a very long time, it was not until the sixteenth
century that they were introduced to foreign markets.

2. I have to say that I have never been as comfortable as my brother when telling people what I think.
A) I have never tried to be as comfortable as my brother in telling people what I think.
B) Both my brother and I are comfortable with frankly telling people what they need to know.
C) My brother is less comfortable than me in expressing himself and saying what he feels.
D) My brother has always been more comfortable than me telling people what he thinks about them.
E) I have noticed that my brother has never been comfortable when telling people what he thinks.

3. From time to time there are things we do even though we think they are wrong.
A) Sometimes we might do things that are considered wrong.
B) We often do things because we think they are the right things to do at the time.
C) It is not possible to do everything right in life.
D) We can never be sure if all the things we do are right.
E) Although we feel that the things we sometimes do are not right, we nevertheless do them.

4. Today there is hardly any time for storytelling in homes, whereas it was a life style in the past."
A) Unlike in the past, in our modern world, time is the scarcest value however people can still find time for
story telling.
B) Today hardly anyone knows how important storytelling was in the past since everybody is busy with their
own lives.
C) Storytelling, which once was a vital part of life, has become significantly less common in the modern era
due to lack of time.
D) Although many people can hardly find time for anything other than work, storytelling is still as important as
it was in the past.
E) Nowadays, storytelling has become a very important practice since it gives us ideas about the life in the
past.

5. Sometimes what is best for society is not always good for an individual living in that society.
A) From time to time, there is a conflict between the benefits of a society and an individual living in that
society.
B) Individuals not always seek for the best of the society they live in.
C) It is impossible for an individual to accept the rules of the society he or she lives in.
D) What is best for individuals is always suitable for the society they live in.
E) If everyone acted in his or her own best interest, there wouldn't be any conflict within the society.

C
1.Even though many of us don't suffer from a mental disorder, it is clear that some of us are mentally
healthier than others.
A) Many people who are diagnosed as having mental disorder are mentally healthier than we are.
B) The proportion of those who have been identified as having a mental disorder is higher than that of the
mentally healthy.
C) Compared to the number of mentally healthy, the number of people with a mental disorder is increasing.
D) It is not clear how many people suffer from a mental disorder since many of them seem mentally healthy.
E) That some of us are not as mentally healthy as other is obvious but the number of people having a mental
disorder is not very high.

2. The only members of the cat family that can roar are lions, leopards, tigers, and jaguars but lions
are by far the loudest.
A) Like leopards, tigers, and jaguars, lions are among the members of the cat family that can roar.
B) Since lions come from the same cat family as leopards, tigers and jaguars do, they can roar as loud as the
others.
C) Lions, leopards, tigers, and jaguars are the only four cats that can roar; however, the others can't roar as
loudly as lions do.
D) The roar of a lion is enough to make other animals, such as leopards, feel frightened.
E) Lions, leopards, tigers, and jaguars can roar, however the roar of a lion is not as frightening as the roar of
the others.

3. Swimming with the dolphins was something that only a few could ever experience in their lifetime.
A) Swimming with the dolphins in an event that everybody should at least experience once in their lifetime.
B) Although swimming with the dolphins is an unforgettable experience, only a few have the chance to
experience it.
C) Swimming with the dolphins was an event that not many had the chance to experience throughout their
lives.
D) Swimming with the dolphins was and is still something that only a few can experience it in their lifetime.
E) Swimming with the dolphins was such an expensive experience that it could be experienced only once in
a lifetime.

4. You can renew your passport whenever you wish, but you must pay the full fee."
A) You would have paid the full fee if you had wanted to renew your passport.
B) Even if you don't renew your passport on time, you are not charged the full fee.
C) The fee for a new passport depends on why you wish to renew it.
D) The time when you renew your passport is not important as long as you pay the full fee.
E) You might be charged the full fee if you didn't inform the authorities that your passport is about to expire.
D
1. She realized the danger she had been in only after she had read the newspaper the following
morning.
A) Although she was aware of the danger, she didn’t get frightened.
B) She realized what kind of dangers one might have had when he was reading a paper.
C) When she read the newspaper, she found herself in a danger she had already realized.
D) She was lucky that she had survived the danger as the papers expressed.
E) She hadn’t been aware of the danger she was in until she read the newspaper.

2. I have persuaded Tom to become the new secretary of the club.

A) I am considering Tom for the job of secretary.
B) I asked Tom to be the secretary of the club and Tom agreed.
C) Tom is wondering whether to accept to be the secretary.
D) Tom begged to become secretary of the club.
E) I offered Tom to take the job but he didn't accept it.

3. We won't be getting married until we have had enough money.

A) We will marry when we have had enough money.
B) We won't be married although we have enough money.
C) We won't marry even when we have had enough money.
D) We will get married because we have enough money.
E) We will marry before we start to earn money.

4. I had known that my mother was sick as a result of a failing kidney, but I had not realized how much
trouble my parents were having in dealing with that sickness.
A) Although I had known that my mother was suffering from a failing kidney, I had not realized my parents’
problems caused by this illness.
B) In my childhood I didn’t know my mother’s sickness, so I couldn’t realize how much trouble my parents had.
C) When I learned my mother’s sickness which was the result of a failing kidney, I realized the pain my mother
had.
D) I hadn’t realized the problems they had to deal with until my parents told me about my mother’s illness.
E) My parents never realized how much trouble I had to understand my mother’s illness.

E
1. Because of his innocent face, it is difficult even today to believe he was a criminal although it had been
certainly proven.
A) It is really surprising how he hurt somebody.
B) Today it is possible to understand why people didn't want to believe that he was guilty as he had an innocent
face.
C) If it had been proven that he was guilty, they would believe that he was a criminal.
D) It doesn't necessarily mean that criminals can't have an innocent look.
E) Despite the fact that he was proven to be a criminal, his innocent face makes it difficult to believe that.

2. The twins resemble each other so much that I can never tell which is which.
A) Although the twins do not look like each other I cannot name them easily.
B) I cannot tell the twins apart because I don’t know them well enough.
C) It is impossible for me to identify the twins because they look very much like one another.
D) I can never tell the twins anything as they like each other so much.
E) The twins are similar to each other but I can easily name them.

3. She didn't eat anything but small pieces of bread and butter.
A) She ate small pieces of bread and butter but didn't like them.
B) She only ate some small pieces of bread and butter.
C) She didn't eat anything, not even the bread and butter.
D) She didn't touch the bread and butter, but she ate other things.
E) She ate neither bread nor butter.

4. I can't stand his talking foolishly when everybody talks about something in a serious way.
A) I can't understand him when he talks foolishly.
B) Everybody talks seriously when he talks foolishly.
C) I hate him talking foolishly when people talk seriously.
D) Everybody hates him talking foolishly.
E) I don't mind his talking foolishly when everybody talks seriously.

Complete the passage with words from the list below. You must use each word only once.
facilities polluted crowded cosmopolitan sandy
bustling shopping plantations peaceful hospital

1. Montego Bay is the second largest city in Jamaica by area and the third by population. It is a lively
and ——————— beach resort and attracts a lot of tourists
2. from many different countries with its ——————— beaches and
3. ——————— relaxing atmosphere.
4. Many Americans and Europeans, as well as Jamaicans, have summer homes in Montego Bay, so it is
a ——————— city and
5. becomes more ——————— during the holiday seasons. It is most famous for Doctor's Cave beach,
which has clear, turquoise waters.
6. This is an ideal place for scuba diving and swimming because the sea is very clean and
not ———————. The city is surrounded by scenic low mountains. When Christopher Columbus first came
to the island of Jamaica in 1494, he named the bay Golfo de Buen Tiempo, which means 'Fair Weather Gulf'.
7. Until the 20th century, the city was mainly a sugar port. Today, Montego Bay has a large
modern ——————— and
8. several modern port ——————— for people who come on ships and yachts.
9. It also has fine restaurants and big ——————— malls, where tourists can buy souvenirs and all kinds
of items that they need.
10. The coastland near Montego Bay is occupied by numerous tourist resorts, which are most newly
built, and some occupy the grounds of old sugar cane ———————.

outstanding blend stimulate lyrics charming

improvisation repetitive derive compose recognition
1. Arouse, Encourage - 
2. Happening again - 
3. Appreciation, Liking - 
4. Something done without any preparation - 
5. Better than the rest - 
6. Come from - 
7. The words of a song - 
8. Harmonious mixture - 
9. Write / create music - 
10. Attractive, Good looking - 

Complete each sentence with a word from the list.

dynamic elegant obstinate unfavorable impatient
dishonest obedient irresponsible fearless tolerance

1. I don't expect him to change his mind because I know he is very ----.
2. If you want to shop for the latest fashions or expensive souvenirs in New York City, go to Fifth Avenue. It is
full of ---- shops.
3. Our teacher is a(n) ---- person, so she easily captivates the interest and attention of the students while she
is teaching.
4. My father gets angry with us whenever we make a mistake. He has no ---- for mistakes.
5. Teachers like ---- students who never break their rules.
6. We couldn't see the meteor shower last night because of the ---- weather conditions.
7. You should wait for your turn. You'd better not be so ----.
8. Tom is so ----; he never does his homework and never keeps to his promises.
9. Sarven is so ---- that he sometimes puts his life at risk.
10. Mrs. Smith always tells her daughter not to marry a(n) ---- man, who lies and cheats.
Paragraph Completion
Choose the best option to go with the paragraph flow to complete the exercises.
1. I was only 4 years old when my dad was working with elephants, lions and tigers. ----. When I was 14, I
was already taking care of and raising baboons and lion cubs, leopard cats and other animals. At 17, I
began working professionally with elephants. I did that for about 8 years and then gave it up. I have been
working in the construction business since then.
A) Elephants and many other animals are just like people
B) Therefore, I always had animals around me
C) You have to love them unconditionally
D) But nothing would happen to elephants
E) They are the type of animal that demands food all the time

2. You need a total of about 60 minutes of physical activity a day. Here is the good news. ----. Five or
ten minute sessions of physical activities throughout the day are just as good for you. These may
include walking, jogging, running, and riding a bike.
A) It will give you lots of ideas for staying fit and healthy
B) He regularly takes physical education classes at school
C) You should turn off that television and get moving instead
D) A program called "The Fitness Fighters" was started
E) This does not have to be done all at one time

3. ----. And they are certainly right. Sunscreen protects your ski n from ultraviolet light rays. Too much
ultraviolet is bad for your skin. If you spend a long time outside without any sunscreen on, you might
get a sunburn because of the ultraviolet rays.
A) Ultraviolet light can get rid of bacteria in eggs and apple and make them safer to eat
B) Your parents tell you to wear sunscreen when you're outside in the summer
C) When we are outdoors, we are exposed to pollens and dust, and other irritants
D) However, they can also trigger asthma attacks, which are more serious
E) It seems to be the safest way to make food safer before we buy it

1. Prey Birds
Among the best-known birds are the birds of prey, such as hawks, eagles, ospreys, falcons, and owls. They
have hooked beaks, strong talons or claws on their feet, and keen eyesight and hearing. ----. Ospreys and
many eagles eat fish, falcons eat mostly insects, and owls eat everything from insects to fish and mammals.
A) Birds are warm-blooded animals, with feathers and wings
B) Unlike mammals, except for the duck-billed platypus, birds lay eggs
C) Their long wing feathers also help them to get the lift necessary for flight
D) The larger hawks and eagles prey on small mammals, such as rodents
E) Feathers provide insulation 'for birds, allowing them to maintain a high body temperature

2. The Jaguar
The jaguar Is sometimes called Americans El Tigre by South and Central Americans. ----. Both names
convey the awe and reverence this largest New World cat inspires. Their gold coat spangled with black
rosettes was said to be the stars of night. In the Mayan religion, the sun took the form of a jaguar when
traveling through the underworld at night.
A) Jaguars are closely related to lions, tigers, and leopards
B) Jaguars live in the rain forests and more open countryside in South and Central America
C) They are known to be the largest members of the cat family there
D) Jaguars are strong swimmers and climbers, and they often prefer to live by rivers
E) Long ago, they called it Yaguara, the "cat that kills with a single spring"

3. Monarch Butterflies
Monarch butterflies travel long distances to stay warm. They fly up to 3,000 miles to the same winter roosts,
sometimes to the exact same trees. However, their life span is only a few months. ----. Their great-great-
grandchildren return south the following fall.
A) Baby swallows and their parents learn each other's voices
B) Most of the bird species migrate south for the winter
C) Other butterflies also fly thousands of miles in search of warmth
D) So individual monarchs only make the round-trip once
E) The regular movement of animals during the year is called migration
1. Squirrels
Squirrels live mostly in the forests of Europe and north America. ----. That is the size of two of your hands.
Behind them and often suspended over their backs are their tails, wide, upright and furry, and almost the
same size as their length. Thanks to this long tail, a squirrel can jump from one tree to another without losing
its balance.
A) It can readily run along branches
B) They are about 25 centimeters long
C) It's an interesting method of communication
D) Some squirrel species can also fly
E) Sleeping is a great threat to squirrels

2. Atlantis Island
Atlantis is an island whose existence and location have never been confirmed. The first references to Atlantis
are from the classical Greek philosopher Plato, who said it was engulfed by the ocean as the result of an
earthquake 9,000 years before his own time. ----. They also added that Plato made up the story using
elements that may have been drawn from real events.
A) Plato described Atlantis as an ideal state, and the name is considered synonymous with Utopia
B) Plato's accounts of Atlantis are in his works Timaeus and Critias and these philosophical dialogues are the
earliest known references to Atlantis
C) The legend of Atlantis is frequently featured in many books, movies, television series, and other creative
works
D) While there are many hypotheses about Atlantis, the vast majority of scientists conclude that Atlantis
never existed
E) According to the legend, an island called Atlantis in the Atlantic Ocean was swallowed by an earthquake

3. Tsunami
----. However, the most common cause is an undersea earthquake. An earthquake which is too small to
create a tsunami by itself may trigger an undersea landslide quite capable of generating a tsunami.
A) Tsunamis have been historically referred to as tidal waves because as they approach land, they take on
the characteristics of a violent onrushing tide
B) Since tsunamis aren't actually related to tides, the term is considered misleading
C) The term tsunami comes from the Japanese language meaning "harbor' and "wave"
D) A tsunami can travel hundreds of miles over the open sea and cause extensive damage when it
encounters land
E) A tsunami can be generated by any disturbance that rapidly moves a large mass of water such as volcanic
eruption

Complete the missing parts of the following three short ESL paragraphs about food and its hygiene.
1. Food and Cooking
Food and cooking hygiene includes a number of routines which should be followed to avoid potentially
severe health hazards. ----. Besides, wash hands with warm soapy water before preparing food. Also, wash
meat, fruit, and vegetables thoroughly before use.
A) Food can transmit disease from person to person
B) B) First of all, wear clean clothes and protective apron
C) The bacteria in food can cause food poisoning
D) Among the modern processes for food preservation are refrigeration and canning
E) Freezing is one of the most commonly used processes for preserving a very wide range of food stuffs

2. Food Expiration Date

Best before is sometimes indicated on food and drink wrappers, followed by a date, and is intended to
indicate the date before which the food should be consumed. ----. In this case, a term like best before see
bottom or best before see lid might be printed on the label and the date marked in a different location as
indicated.
A) Sometimes the packaging process involves using pre-printed labels, making it impractical to write the best
before date in a clearly visible location
B) The term "use by" is similarly used to indicate the date by which the item will have outlived its shell life
C) With this term, it is intended to ensure that customers will not unwittingly purchase or eat stale food
D) Generally, food that has a use by date written on the packaging must not be eaten after it has expired
E) This is because such foods usually go off quickly and may be injurious to health if spoiled
3. Food Labels
As a food label is often nothing more than an advert to tempt you to buy the product, you should pay
particular attention to the choice of words used. ----. Chocolate flavor topping, for example, will not contain
chocolate, so read carefully.
A) Certain ingredients must be identified by a specific name, such as preservatives
B) Other words such as 'farm fresh' and 'country fresh' also intentionally blur the true nature of a product's
source
C) They should take particular care over low-fat and low-sugar products
D) Indeed, it could refer to texture, fat content or sugar content
E) Always watch out for the word 'flavor', as this may mean that the product contains synthetic ingredients
Find the best sentences to complete each short paragraph about electronics. 
1. Fax Machine
A fax machine works by scanning each outgoing page, turning the image into a series of light and dark dots. This
pattern is then translated into audio tones, and sent over regular phone lines. The receiving fax "hears" the tones,
pieces the grid together, and prints the total number of dots. ----.
A) He invented a machine capable of receiving signals from a telegraph wire
B) The idea of fax machines has been around for a long time
C) They were an easy way to send documents to any phone number
D) The resulting document is a black and white copy of the original page
E) Then he finally managed to translate these symbols into images on paper

2. Broadband
The term "broadband" refers to telecommunication in which a wide band of frequencies is ready to send
information. ----. It allows users to access the Internet at higher speeds than traditional modems. High-speed
Internet allows users access to advance data processing and high-speed transmission technologies.
A) They include cable modem, wireless access, satellite access, and power line access
B) It is frequently used as another term for high-speed Internet access
C) However, there are also many advantages of using broadband
D) There was obviously no need to dial-up your Internet provider
E) The information was downloaded into his computer at a higher speed

3. Cellphones
People believe that cell phones cause cancer, especially brain cancer. A few studies suggested a link with certain
rare types of brain tumours. ----o These studies didn't receive front-page coverage. Therefore, most consumers
could not notice them.
A) Electronic devices, like cell phones, can cause cancer in the people who use them
B) Using a cell phone while driving increases the risk of having a car accident
C) Keeping your hands free and your eyes on the road is a more significant issue
D) Lower frequency radiation has not been proven to cause these DNA changes
E) But most studies show that there is no link between cell phone use and brain cancer
Short ESL paragraphs on general human health with missing parts. Complete the paragraphs with the
correct sentences.
1. Stress
If you are under stress, your eating habits are making the problem worse. ----. First, cut down on coffee, tea and
cola drinks. They all contain caffeine, which makes you feel better for a few minutes, but which also destroys the
vitamins in our bodies. Try not to eat sweets, biscuits and cakes as well.
A) In the long term, alcohol causes depression
B) The effects of stress can be lessened by following some simple advice related to your diet
C) They consume sweets, biscuits and cakes frequently
D) Remember to eat a good breakfast to start the day well
E) If you eat too quickly, you can have problems with your stomach in the long term

2. Snoring
Snoring cures usually involve clearing the blockage in the breathing passage. This is the reason snorers are
advised to lose weight. ----o They are also advised to stop smoking (smoking weakens and clogs the throat),
and to sleep on their side (to prevent the tongue from blocking the throat). But for many snorers those pieces
of advice are not enough.
A) This stops fat from pressing on the throat
B) Surgery is the only option to cure snoring
C) Snoring is usually an involuntary act, but may also be produced voluntarily
D) Most of the time snoring is not a health risk to the snorer
E) Snoring is known to ruin the lives of many people
3. Influenza
Influenza develops after the virus enters a person's nose or mouth. It causes muscle pain, sudden high body
temperature, breathing problems and weakness. ----. But it can be very dangerous. It is especially dangerous
to the very young, the very old and those with weakened defences against disease.
A) The virus stopped spreading completely after the treatment
B) Generally, most people feel better after a week or two
C) Then, they changed the temperature and humidity levels
D) But they did not really know why until recently
E) They say it is because the virus remains in the air longer

Paragraph worksheets for ESL EFL students and teachers. Complete the given paragraphs about
exercising and fitness with the most appropriate sentences.
1. Exercise Ball / Pilates
----. It improves circulation and body alignment. It engages the powerhouse of the lower abs, hips,and lower back
in almost every movement. Throughout the workout, practitioners try to stay united from shoulder to shoulder and
hip to hip, making sure the neck and limbs are used in long, graceful movements.
A) Joseph Pilates was a weak youth who invented some exercises to strengthen his body
B) Anyone in a top-level position has got there because of their ability to learn and grow
C) With as few as two sessions a week, you can maintain these results
D) Soon you'll be admiring the profile you see in the mirror
E) Pilates is a unique combination of stretching, strengthening and breathing

2. Running / Swift Walking

Running, or swift walking, uses the major muscle groups, making it the most efficient form of cardiovascular
exercise. ----. It also lowers blood pressure and helps diabetics by improving glucose tolerance and reducing
insulin resistance.
A) It has been shown to have a positive effect on blood fats by reducing cholesterol levels
B) During running, the speed at which the runner moves can be calculated by multiplying the steps per second by
the stride length
C) Running is a complex, coordinated process which involves the entire body
D) Every human being runs differently, but certain general features of running motion are common
E) Since only one foot at a time is on the ground in running, one leg is always in recovery

3. Holistic Health
Holistic health is a non-medical philosophy of well-being that considers the physical, mental, and spiritual aspects
of life as closely interconnected and balanced. ----. The most common of them include acupuncture, yoga and
aromatherapy
A) We have to control such illness-related factors as poor diet, smoking, alcohol intake, and stress
B) Surgery and prescription drugs are generally avoided in holistic medicine
C) Holistic medicine does not ignore mainstream Western medical practices but does not see them as the only
effective therapies
D) Advocates of the holistic health philosophy typically seek or use a wide variety of alternative practices
E) It is an approach to medical care that emphasizes the study of all aspects of a person's health
Read and complete the passages on history with the correct options.
1. The Pyramids
Herodotus, a Greek who wrote about the building of the pyramids long after they had been built, claimed that
the Great Pyramid took tens of thousands of men and twenty years to make. ----. The Egyptians hadn't
learned to use the wheel or the pulley so lifted all of the stones using ramps and the cut stone was edged
along the ramps on rollers, lubricated by milk or water. We don't know how many people died for the
pyramids, but we know that most Egyptians would have been eager to participate in the building because the
king would become a god who could bless or curse their lives.

A) The ancient Egyptians believed in many different gods and goddesses

B) However, even if those figures are not accurate, the construction of the pyramids was an amazing
achievement
C) Daily life in Ancient Egypt revolved around the Nile and its fertile land along its banks
D) Each of the gods the ancient Egyptians believed in had their own roles to play in maintaining peace
across the land
E) The dry air and drifting desert have preserved many records of Ancient Egypt including pyramids until
modern times

2. Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire collapsed on October 30, 1918, when the Mondros Armistice was signed, after the
Ottoman state and its allies had lost the Great War. ----. For example, the Straits of the Bosphorus and the
Dardanelles would be open to the ships of the Entente Powers. Also Turkish warships would be surrendered
to the Entente Powers.
A) The treaty had very severe terms
B) Then they visited various parts of Anatolia
C) England was no longer a huge empire
D) No one is happy with the new situation
E) Istanbul was the capital city at the time

3. Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs died out around 65 million years ago. ----. The most accepted one is that a giant asteroid crashed
into earth around this time and caused catastrophic changes to the climate. It was probably freezing co Id
and the dinosaurs could not adapt to the new weather conditions.
A) There are several theories about why this happened
B) There were more than 700 different types of dinosaurs
C) Dinosaurs were reptiles which lived millions of years ago
D) They lived in the Mesozoic period - known as the "age of reptiles"
E) Special scientists called palaeontologists study fossils
1. Man's Best Friend
We know that dogs are a human's best friend. They love us and we love them.----. Many scientists think they
came from wolves 15,000 years ago. Although wolves are wild and dogs are tame, they're still a lot alike.
Both wag their tails when happy and put their tails between their legs when scared.
A) However, we're not so sure where they came from
B) Some were trained to do more than keep us company
C) Working dogs guide blind and wheel chair-bound people
D) So they're good at finding things using their keen senses
E) Handlers teach the dog how to find specific things

2. Educating Dogs
Dogs are easy to educate. Well-educated dogs are sometimes used as watchdogs. ----. It is interesting,
though, that these dogs, which can become terrifyingly wild in times of danger, pose no harm to their owners.
In the face of a threat, they put their lives in danger to save their owners.
A) There are hundreds of dog species of different colors and sizes
B) A watchdog can stop a creature that is five to six times bigger
C) Dogs have 42 teeth, that is, 10 more than human beings
D) They were able to perceive moving objects from farther away
E) This extraordinary sense of smell itself is a miracle

1. Flora and Fauna

Nature has millions of interwoven interrelationships among the numerous flora and fauna. ----. These food
webs and pyramids can give scientists a broad idea that organisms interact with each other for their food,
shelter and mating. Each specific interrelationship if studied in depth can be very interesting and brings to
light significant facts of our surroundings and the importance of every living being on this earth.
A) But, we have been destroying such interrelationships in the path of development
B) If the entire nature is considered one machine every living being has its own role in running of this
machine
C) Such relationships are the basis for the food webs and food pyramids
D) Hence, scientists must educate public opinion for implementing the conservation programs
E) The scientific community has not been able to keep pace with the complexity of ecological relationships

2. Brain Linguistic Systems

Neurocognitive Linguistics is an attempt to understand the linguistic system of the human brain. The object of
investigation is the mental system that supports our language processing. ----. That is the basic challenge
facing neurocognitive linguistics. But since our linguistic systems are housed in our brains, we have no
choice but to treat language as a mental phenomenon.
A) Man has always been fascinated by amazing facts about his own brain
B) Of course, this mental system is not directly observable
C) There have been numerous kinds of research done on the brain structure
D) There was one single professor famous for his ideas about the function of the brain
E) The structure of a human brain is totally different from that of an animal
3. Hearing, Taste and Smell
We hear only by means of the ears. If we are born deaf, or if injury destroys so me important part of the
hearing mechanism, the n we cannot hear. Similarly, we taste only by means of the taste organs in the
mouth, and smell only with the organs of smell in the nose. ----.
A) The dependence of mind upon body in a general way was evident to everyone
B) Light from the picture is refracted within the eyes, forming an image on each retina
C) Thus, injuries to the eyes or the optic nerve make it impossible for us to see
D) In a word, our primary knowledge of the world comes only through the sense organs
E) The intermediate frequencies give us the intermediate colors of blue-green and orange

Complete the sentences with the most appropriate options.

1. Even though the two parties appear united in negotiations, ----.
A) the level of trust between them will always remain, at best, tenuous
B) they weren’t able to agree on the subject
C) they will eventually reach an agreement
D) it is impossible for him to succeed
E) the president unexpectedly rejected it

2. The moment I saw the sad face of my girl friend, ----.

A) I begin to feel depressed
B) I have realized that we will have a discussion about our relationship
C) I had decided to leave the house
D) I found out that something was wrong
E) she has gone out to have a walk

3. You had better take your mobile phone with you ----.
A) so that you can lose it
B) or I couldn’t have called you
C) because I will not be at home during the whole day
D) If you had wanted to go abroad
E) in case you may not find one when you are in need of it

4. ---- when they learned that the chairman would not be able to join the meeting.
A) Hardly had the committee learned the reason of the meeting
B) When they realized why they were all there in that early time of the day
C) It wasn’t until they got a phone call about an urgent meeting the next day
D) However professional they tried to be seen
E) They will have already discussed the most important subjects

5. ----, the Grammys are the highest rated.

A) There are many music awards shows in the US
B) Although Grammys are considered to be highly prestigious
C) Because there is only one big music awards show in the US
D) Much as people are looking forward to next Grammy awards show
E) Of the "big three" music awards shows
Complete the sentences with the most appropriate options.
1. Above all his many talents, Ray Charles had the ability to interpret and sing songs in such a way ----.
A) that he was a man with numerous talents
B) as to fill the words from the depths of his own heart, carrying this emotion to the listener.
C) so went on to become one of the most successful African-American artists of the 20th century
D) in fact he was the musician most responsible for developing soul music
E) he put it to good use on early-'60s hits

2. Having received five harpoons, ----.

A) the shark was able to get rid of the nets.
B) the men were finally able to catch the whale
C) It was virtually impossible for the ant to survive
D) which were made of iron
E) the whale couldn’t withstand any longer and submerged into the deep

3. The old woman sitting in front of me asked me ----.

A) if I can open the window
B) that I looked like her grand daughter
C) what was my name
D) to read the address in the paper as she couldn’t see the letters clearly
E) if I recognized him or not

4. When he was threatened ----.

A) the owner of the company had informed the police about it
B) the businessman has receded from the auction
C) the prosecutor withdrew his charge
D) the young boy was imprisoned
E) the landlady took her tenants to court

5. ---- before the plane took off.

A) You should eat something
B) please don’t forget to fasten your seat belt
C) You never remember to phone me
D) I am sure you haven’t seen the pilot
E) I hope you didn’t forget to switch off your mobile phone
Complete the sentences with the most appropriate options.
1. I had to postpone my trip to Australia last week ----.
A) as I have lost my passport
B) since the airline employees are on strike
C) due to hospitable weather conditions
D) for my wife had a traffic accident which she was injured in
E) if I had known that you lost your mother

2. I almost lost my cafeteria assignment ----.

A) when I had insulted my boss
B) although I hated them
C) when the supervisor caught me throwing planes made from paper to my friends
D) as I have failed to welcome customers enthusiastically
E) since I am not punctual

3. Students who have missed exams ----.

A) although they had studied for them a lot
B) will have to take it again unfortunately
C) were allowed to take a comprehensive makeup
D) due to weather conditions had to contact the Registrar's Office within 48 hours
E) have to hand in a document confirming their excuses

4. By the time the doctor came in to examine my daughter, ----.

A) she has been suffering from headache for three hours
B) I will try to keep her calm as she is afraid of dentists
C) the nurse has already injected her the vaccine
D) her temperature had risen to 40 centigrade
E) I will have to wait outside

5. The earlier one gets the treatment, ----.

A) the sooner he recovered from his illness
B) since he or she may be in need of it
C) the more effective it is likely to be
D) as I forgot to take the pills my doctor recommended
E) he gets rid of his problems
Complete the sentences with the most appropriate options.
1. The Committee wanted to know ----.
A) if there was a detailed study to see the cost of the project
B) that the administrators were not good at dealing with problems
C) why did the customers start to complain
D) when the proposed plan will be executed
E) whether the sales manager is to be dismissed

2. ---- that nobody wanted to purchase it.

A) Although most of the customers were interested in the painting
B) It was such a well designed car
C) The necklace at the auction was so enchanting
D) The exam that I took yesterday was very difficult
E) The house was so deteriorated from lack of maintenance

3. ---- but it causes to premature aging as well.

A) Wearing make up all the time can make you seem pleasant
B) Drinking large amounts of alcohol or taking excessive drugs may take you to death
C) High blood pressure may cause hair loss in some people
D) Overexposure to the sun while sunbathing not only results in sunburns
E) Having aesthetic surgery may at first sound good

4. The government wanted to know ----.

A) that some officials had apparently taken bribes from arms dealers
B) who is leaking their plans to a reporter illegally
C) as much as it could about its people so it could effectively control them
D) what can be done to improve standards in universities
E) how and why did farmers adopt new farming techniques

5. Despite the fact that the Constitution guarantees citizens the right to practice the religion of their choice, ----.
A) police often are too slow to save members of religious minorities who are victims of crimes
B) that the government is not good at dealing with problems
C) In some countries, governments have laws or policies to discourage religious discrimination
D) most of the members of ethnic minorities are grateful for it
E) the President had notified all religious groups that they should register or cease all religious activities
Answer the questions according to the reading passage.
Poetry
People seldom feel neutral about poetry. Those who love it sometimes give the impression that it is an
adequate substitute for food, shelter, and love. But it isn't. Those who dislike poetry on principle sometimes
claim, on the other hand, that poetry is only words and good for nothing. That's not true either. When words
represent and recreate genuine human feelings, as they often do in poetry, they can be very important.
Poems provide, in fact, a language for feeling, and one of poetry's most insistent merits involves its attempt
to express the inexpressible. One of the joys of experiencing poetry occurs when we read a poem and want
to say, "yes, that is just what it is like; I know exactly what that line means but I have never been able to
express it so well." Poetry can be the voice of our feelings even when our minds are speechless with grief or
joy.
1. One can understand from the passage that people ----.
A) seldom feel that poetry is an equivalent for life itself
B) rarely take a biased opinion about poetry
C) generally think that poetry expresses what might otherwise seem unutterable
D) never differ in their opinions about a poemE) generally think of poetry as extremely important or totally
useless

2. One point made by the author in the passage is that poetry ----.
A) tends to make the reader disappointed
B) is an adequate substitute for food, shelter, and love
C) is only words and good for nothing
D) often captures real human feelings
E) is impossible to be defined

3. The author points out in the reading that ----.

A) poetry is not closely concerned with feelings
B) poems are primarily about how people think rather than how people feel
C) poetry can't be the expression of one's deepest feelings
D) few people think that poetry is neutral
E) poetry tries to express what people feel but find it hard to describe

Answer the follow up questions according to the reading passage.

Students Learning
One of the major processes that takes place in schools, of course, is that students learn. When they graduate
from high school, many can use a computer, write essays with three-part theses, and differentiate equations.
In addition to learning specific skills, they learn to think critically, to weigh evidence and to develop
independent judgment. The extent to which this development takes place is related to both school and home
environments. Teachers who are more open to new ideas and less authoritarian produce students who have
greater intellectual flexibility and higher achievement test scores. Studies show that teachers are most
demanding when they are of the same social class as their students. The greater the difference between
their own social class and that of their pupils, the more rigidly they structure their classrooms and the fewer
demands they place on their students.

1. It is stated in the passage that teachers who are more open to new ideas ----.
A) produce more successful students in terms of test scores and intellectual flexibility
B) often come from a lower social class than their students
C) are more authoritarian towards students
D) discourage intellectual flexibility in schools
E) give students more homework

2. We learn from the reading that when students graduate from high school ----.
A) none of them are able to think critically
B) they can take the overall responsibility of anything
C) all of them have a good knowledge of computer usage
D) many of them have gained specific skills like writing essays and differentiating equations
E) most of them lack knowledge because of unavailability of ideal learning conditions

3. According to the reading, it is true that ----.

A) teachers who are from a higher social class than their students should be hired
B) it is not so difficult to constitute ideal learning conditions
C) with close supervision every student can get high test scores
D) both the school and home environments greatly influence a student's achievement in school
E) students learn best in a rigid classroom environment
Sunset
When the air is clear, the sunset will appear yellow, because the light from the sun has passed a long
distance through air and the blue light has been scattered away. If the air is polluted with small particles,
natural or otherwise, the sunset will be more red. Sunsets over the sea may also be orange, due to salt
particles in the air. The sky around the sun is seen reddened, as well as the light coming directly from the
sun. This is because all light is scattered relatively well through small angles, but blue light is then more likely
to be scattered twice over the greater distances, leaving the yellow, red and orange colors.
1. As it is pointed out in the passage, the color of the sunset ----.
A) may be lighter than expected due to salt particles in the air
B) is red if the sky is clear
C) owes its blueness to the distance between the sun and the earth
D) is a combination of all the colors
E) depends on the weather conditions and the location where it takes place

2. One can infer from the passage that the sunset looks yellow because ----.
A) scattering does not play an appreciable role in determining the color of the transmitted light
B) the blue light is scattered on the long way through the air at that time
C) the light coming directly from the sun is blue
D) the air is polluted to such a degree that the Earth's climate is actually changing
E) sunsets generally take place on the sea

3. As it is pointed out in the passage, ----.

A) our eyes are more sensitive to light with blue frequencies
B) the red light passes easily through the air without scattering at all
C) when the sun sets, only the blue light is left
D) the sunset is likely to look orange when small particles, such as salt from sea spray, are in the air
E) by the time the light from a sunset gets to you, only red light remains

Answer the questions according to the reading passage.

Ultralight Airplanes
An ultralight airplane is very different from a conventional airplane. It looks like a lawn chair with wings,
weighs no more than 254 pounds, flies up to 60 miles an hour, and carries about 5 gallons of fuel. Most
ultralights are sold as kits and take about 40 hours to assemble. Flying an ultralight airplane is so easy that a
pilot with no experience can fly one. Accidents are rarely fatal or even serious because the ultralight lands so
slowly and gently and carries very little fuel. Some models now have parachutes attached, while others have
parachute packs which pilots can wear.
1. According to the passage, pilots ----.
A) prefer to fly with ultralights rather than with regular aircraft
B) can weigh up to 250 pounds, depending on the model of the ultralight airplane
C) don't think that their ultralight airplanes are simple to use
D) are reluctant to put their ultralights together
E) don't need a special training to fly an ultralight airplane

2. We learn from the passage that an ultralight airplane ----.

A) provides the only opportunity to fly affordably
B) doesn't fly very well if it weighs less than 254 pounds
C) is inexpensive but difficult to fly
D) can be put together in a short time
E) is only permitted to be used for private recreational flying

3. It is pointed out in the reading that ----.

A) there is more risk involved in flying ultralight aeroplanes than in flying general aviation aircraft
B) ultralight airplanes can remain airborne for more than an hour
C) the risk of injury to a passenger in an ultralight airplane is very low
D) the gear an ultralight airplane carries can be more fragile than traditional equipment
E) people who fly 'ultralights don't need a license

Human Development
When early humans hunted and gathered food, they were not in control of their environment. They could only
interact with their surroundings as lower organisms did. When humans learned to make fire, however, they
became capable of altering their environment. To provide themselves with fuel they stripped bark from trees,
causing the trees to die. Clearings were burned in forests to increase the growth of grass and to provide a
greater grazing area for the wild animals that humans fed upon. This development led to farming and the
domestication of animals. Fire also provided the means for cooking plants which had previously been
inedible. Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication
was it possible for humans to follow other pursuits such as the founding of cities.
1. This passage is mainly concerned with ----.
A) the evolution of farming techniques
B) the role of hunting as a source of food
C) how the discovery of fire changed the development of mankind
D) basic food-gathering techniques of early humans
E) how people supplied themselves with food prior to the discovery of how
        to make fire

2. One can infer from the passage that the discovery of how to make fire ----.
A) improved the hunting skills of early humans
B) caused early humans to interact with their surroundings as lower organisms did
C) taught early humans how to live with lower organisms
D) increased alimentary options for early humans
E) made easier for early humans to gather food

3. As we understand from the passage, early humans ----.

A) didn't eat plants before they learned how to control fire
B) used fire as a tool to alter their surroundings
C) gained better control of their environment when they learned to live with lower organisms
D) started to maintain their food supply by hunting and gathering food when they started cooking with fire
E) were the prey of many predators

Answer the questions according to the reading passage.

Mother Tongue
First language, also known as mother tongue, is generally the language a person learns first. However, one
can have two or more native languages thus being a native bilingual or indeed multilingual. The order in
which these languages are learned is not necessarily the order of proficiency. Lacking in first language skills
often make learning other languages difficult. Often a child learns the basics of his or her first language or
languages from his or her family. The term mother tongue, however, should not be interpreted to mean that it
is the language of one's mother. For instance, in some paternal societies, the wife moves in with the husband
and thus may have a different first language or dialect than the local language of the husband. Yet their
children usually only speak their local language.
1. According to the passage, first language skills ----.
A) take a very long time to develop
B) play an important role in learning a new language
C) are not transferable to the second language
D) can also have negative effects in foreign language acquisition
E) can aid children only in the beginning stages of learning a second language

2. We understand from the passage that ----.

A) most bilinguals don't have a dominant language
B) the acquisition of a first language is the most complex skill anyone ever learns
C) most children have learning difficulties in acquiring their first language
D) one's mother tongue might not be the language of the parents
E) it is very rare for bilinguals to have equal competence in both their languages

3. One can infer from the reading that ----.

A) one cannot be a native speaker of more than two languages
B) very few children throughout the world learn to speak two languages
C) it is possible for a bilingual to become more competent in his second language
D) bilinguals use their two languages for different purposes and functions
E) only a few people learn to speak his or her mother's language like a native

Film-Making
In the 1920s, new technology allowed filmmakers to attach to each film a soundtrack of speech, music and sound
effects synchronized with the action on the screen. These sound films were initially distinguished by calling them
talking pictures, or talkies. The next major step in the development of cinema was the introduction of color. While
the addition of sound to film revolutionized the medium, quickly driving out silent movies, color was adopted more
gradually. The public was relatively indifferent to color photography as opposed to black-and-white. But as color
processes improved and became as affordable as black-and-white film, more and more movies were filmed in
color after the end of World War II, as the industry in America came to view color an essential to attracting
audiences in its competition with television, which remained a black-and-white medium until the mid-60s. By the
end of the 1960s, color had become the norm for filmmakers.
1. We can understand from the passage that the introduction of sound films ----.
A) occurred at the time of the introduction of color films
B) was not easy because it was not affordable
C) made color movies a possibility on a commercial basis
D) was an important milestone in the film industry
E) was delayed until after the end of World War II

2. It is stated in the reading that ----.

A) 1920s marked the end to the era of sound films
B) the transition to color films was not as rapid as the transition to sound films
C) color movies did not appear until the mid- 60s
D) television didn't become popular until the mid-60s
E) color TVs were expensive initially

3. One can understand from the passage that ----.

A) black-and-white films are still a wonderful source of entertainment
B) the film industry fell into a serious crisis after the end of World War II
C) the' arrival of sound films ended the popularity of silent movies
D) the introduction of color to movies didn't help movie industry in its competition with television
E) the public was indifferent to sound films

Answer the questions according to the reading passage.

Common Cold and Flu
Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or
flu may make a difference in how long the flu lasts. That's because the prescription drugs available for the flu
need to be taken soon after the illness sets in although the symptoms can be eased with over the counter
medications. As for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will
come. Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and
adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the
flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on
suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.
1. According to the passage, knowing the cause of scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches ----
A) reduces the likelihood of catching cold
B) sometimes doesn't help patients lessen the severity of symptoms
C) encourages patients to buy over-the-counter medications
D) will shorten the duration of the flu
E) prevents people from getting infected

2. According to the passage, to combat the flu effectively, ----.

A) the virus which causes the disease has to be identified
B) patients should only use over-the-counter medications
C) one should take the necessary medications upon catching the disease
D) there is no reason to see a doctor
E) people should try some alternative remedies

3. It is pointed out in the reading that ----.

A) fever is the most important feature of a cold
B) flu symptoms are not as severe as cold symptoms
C) the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine
D) one doesn't need to take any medicine if he has a cold or the flu
E) over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu

Answer the questions according to the reading.

Panda Bear
Panda is the name for two nocturnal Asian mammals: the red panda and the giant panda. The red panda,
also known as lesser panda and cat bear, is found at high elevations in the Himalayas. It resembles a
raccoon but has a longer body and tail and a more rounded head. Its thick fur is rust color to deep chestnut,
with black on the under parts, limbs, and ears. The red panda spends much of its time in trees but feeds on
the ground, eating primarily bamboo leaves but also fruit and roots. The giant panda superficially resembles
a bear. The body is chiefly white, and the limbs are brownish black, with the dark color extending up over the
shoulder. The ears and eye patches are black. Giant pandas live in restricted areas of the high mountain
bamboo forests of central China; their diet consists entirely of bamboo shoots. Rare in the wild, they produce
young poorly when they are not in their natural environment. Giant pandas are protected by law in China.
1. It can be understood from the passage that ----.
A) all the nocturnal mammals in China are called panda
B) the diets of the red panda and the giant panda are not totally the same
C) there are no pandas in China for the time being
D) the under parts, limbs, and ears of the giant panda are all white
E) bamboo shoots are an important part of the diets of the people living in China

2. It is clear from the passage that ----.

A) giant pandas do have breeding problems in captivity
B) the red panda is also called raccoon in the Himalayas
C) the giant panda never spends its time in trees
D) cat bear is a more dangerous animal than the red panda
E) bears and pandas can live together in their natural environment

3. It can be inferred from the passage that ----.

A) though they share a name, red and giant pandas are not alike in many ways
B) the number of the bamboo forests of China is decreasing
C) red pandas usually live on chestnuts just like giant pandas
D) it is surprising that the giant pandas are not in danger of becoming extinct
E) all the mammals at high elevations in the Himalayas are nocturnal

Answer the questions according to the reading

Fears of Children
Parents teach their children to be fearful and cautious of specific dangers, such as fire or crossing the road.
Anxiety can be useful, because it helps protect the child from harm. However, children can be fearful of situations
or objects that adults don't consider threatening. The sources of fear may change as the child matures; for
example, a fear of the dark or monsters under the bed may give way to fears of burglary or violence. Tactics that
don't work include teasing the child for being afraid, or compelling them to confront fearful situations. Helping the
child to deal with fear includes taking their feelings seriously, encouraging them to talk about their anxieties, telling
them the facts, and giving them the opportunity to confront their fears at their own pace and with your support.
1. It is stated in the article that ----.
A) parents should not teach their children to be cautious of specific dangers
B) the best way to avoid fears during childhood is to ignore them
C) every single child has a fear of burglary and violence
D) making fun of the child's fears is the best way to get rid of them
E) the fears of the childhood can lead to some other fears in the adulthood

2. It is clear from the passage that forcing the child to face his fears directly ----.
A) works when the child isn't eager to talk about his fears
B) helps the child to learn the facts and realities
C) may protect him from same certain dangers
D) can be useful with same trivial fears
E) is not a good way to follow

3. It can be understood from the article that adults ----.

A) prefer to cope with difficult situations at their own pace
B) should talk to the child about his fears in an open and honest way
c) may have same fears but may not be aware of them
D) do not want to talk about their own fears unlike children
E) are much more vulnerable to fearful situations than children

Bringing up Children
Answer the questions according to the reading passage.
In bringing up children, every parent, regardless of ethnicity, income, education, or geographic location, watches
eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill. However, it is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural
learning rate, which can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at
any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read
before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much,
or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things
for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict
in money matters. Others are severed over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the
controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own
benefit.
1. According to the passage, in the process of children's learning new skills, parents ----.
A) must encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
B) should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
C) never expect too much of their children
D) should create as many learning opportunities as possible for themselves
E) must exert strict control over the children

2. It is pointed out in the reading that ----.

A) parents should be strict with their children
B) parental controls reflect only the needs of the .parents and the values of the community
C) parents must maintain strict control over their children's pocket money
D) parents often enforce strict regulations on their children's eating habits
E) parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone

3. As we understand from the passage, watching the child's acquisition of new skills ----.
A) sets up dangerous states of worry in the parents
B) is universal among parents
C) ensures the security of their children
D) will make him lose interest in learning new things
E) is what parenting is all about

Answer the questions according to the reading

Is Tea Beneficial
Tea had a reputation for being both safe and almost always beneficial. However, scientists are now
suggesting that tea may not be as safe as we had previously believed. Tea contains caffeine, and caffeine
has been linked to sleeplessness and to the unpleasant jumpy feeling some people get when stressed. More
seriously, there is a link between miscarriages, and pregnant women are advised to reduce their intake of tea
until after their baby is born. Due to its critical side-effects, some people who like tea choose to be safer and
drink a beverage from which the caffeine has been removed, decaffeinated tea, but many claim that it simply
doesn't taste right. The reasonable thing to do is probably moderation; continue to enjoy a cup of tea, but
don't have too many!
1. As it is pointed out in the passage, tea used to be considered to be ----.
A) having no damaging effect on people's health
B) beneficial in moderation
c) more dangerous than alcohol
D) causing jumpy feeling if drunk excessively
E) the only drink which people enjoyed in the morning

2. According to the passage, tea can be dangerous because it ----.

A) causes people to suffer from stress more than ever
B) makes all drinkers nervous and unable to sleep
C) reduces miscarriages if it is drunk too much by a pregnant woman
D) may bring about many illnesses that cannot be cured easily
E) may cause losing your baby before he/she is born

3. The writer points out that the best solution is to drink ----.
A) decaffeinated tea
B) instant coffee
C) tea in moderation
D) other beverages like hot chocolate
E) no tea at all

Answer the questions according to the reading.

Speaking vs Listening
It often appears that we have more to gain by speaking than by listening. One big advantage of speaking is
that it gives you a chance to control others' thoughts and actions. Whatever your goal is, the key to success
seems to be the ability to speak well. Another apparent advantage of speaking is the chance it provides to
gain the admiration, respect, or liking of others. Finally, talking gives you the chance to release energy in a
way that listening can't. In the same way, you can often lessen your anger by letting it out verbally.

1. According to the passage, speaking can result in ----.

A) decreasing anger
B) increasing stress
c) losing admiration of others
D) decreasing excitement
E) losing respect of others

2. As it is stated in the passage, speaking ----.

A) has advantages over listening
B) doesn't help one to release harmful emotions
C) like listening has many advantages
D) is as equally important as listening is
E) can sometimes be really exhausting unlike listening

3. The article is mainly about ----.

A) why keeping quiet cannot help others solve their problems
B) how to let your anger out by speaking
c) the advantages and disadvantages of both speaking and listening
D) why a good listener is always appreciated
E) the advantages of speaking

Answer the questions according to the reading.

How to Discipline Children's Behavior
A book has just been published to help parents to deal with their children's naughty behavior at home. The author,
Dr James Bruno, says that the first positive discipline technique is for parents to remain calm because nervous
parents don't get good results. Parents who cannot often remain calm find that their children stop taking any notice
of them. The second challenge is to know how to correct bad behavior in an effective way. For instance, punishing
children by preventing them from watching their favorite TV program is not an ideal solution. Dr Bruno believes
parents should establish clear rules for children to follow. If children refuse to follow these, they know they will be
disciplined. Finally, the most effective way of encouraging good behavior is to give positive feedback as often as
possible, to show that it is not only naughtiness that attracts attention.
1. According to the article, when parents get angry too often, ----.
A) they yell at their children to make them obey an order
B) they tell them off in front of their friends
C) children often act as if they didn't hear them
D) they utter increasing number of verbal warnings
E) children get scared and obey their parents

2. The author of the book seems to suggest that in order to discipline children, parents first of all should
----.
A) find an effective way to correct their children's behavior
B) treat them as harshly as possible
C) stop beating them
D) not lose their temper
E) teach them how they have to behave themselves

3. We learn from the reading that ----.

A) clear rules which are set by the parent must be followed by the children unconditionally
B) restricting the activities that children like doing is not useful when disciplining a child
C) giving feedback all the time is not advised when correcting bad behavior
D) he book by Dr James Bruno helped the parents a lot who try to discipline their naughty children
E) the best punishment for naughty children hasn't been suggested in Dr Bruno's book

Answer the questions according to the reading.

Homeless People
The sad situation of the homeless remains a problem. It is difficult to estimate how many people are homeless
because the number depends on how the homeless are defined. There are street people - those who sleep in bus
stations, parks, and other areas. Many of these people are youthful runaways. There are the so-called sheltered
homeless - those who sleep in government supported or privately funded shelters. Many of these individuals used
to live with their families or friends. While street people are almost always single, the sheltered homeless include
numerous families with children. Conservatives argue that many homeless are alcoholics, drug users, or mentally
ill. In contrast, many liberals argue that homelessness is caused by a reduction in welfare benefits and by
excessively priced housing. They want more shelters to be built for the homeless.

1. We can understand from the reading that the number of homeless people ----.
A) is not so great as many people think
B) is on the increase in many countries
C) is counted annually
D) is difficult to know
E) has been decreasing for the past decade

2. According to the passage, liberals ----.

A) think that the problem of homelessness cannot be solved
B) want more shelters for the homeless
C) are of the opinion that most homeless people are mentally ill
D) want the government to ban sleeping on park benches
E) believe that it is not possible to cure the problem of homelessness even with a consistent government policy

3. It is clearly stated in the reading that the sheltered homeless ----.

A) are mostly youthful runaways
B) sleep in parks or in bus stations
C) can have families with children
D) are generally drug users and alcoholics
E) are in worse conditions than street people

Communication in Groups
The sheer number of people in a group affects the amount of communication. Consider the difference
between communication between two friends and communication in a group of five people. When friends
talk, there are two people sending and receiving messages. In a group of five, there are five people doing the
same thing. Each idea that is expressed must be understood by four others, who may also choose to respond.
Consequently, the greater number of people in a group, the fewer contributions an individual may make. Because
there are disadvantages to large groups, you might assume that small groups would be the most effective.
However, groups can be too small as well as 100 people large. With too few members, a group has limited
resources, which eliminates a primary advantage of groups for decision making. Also, members may be unwilling
to disagree or criticize each other's ideas. I believe that five to seven members is the ideal size for a small group.
1. We can conclude from the reading that in large groups ----.
A) there is always a chaos at the end of each discussion
B) no one criticizes each other's ideas
C) before a decision is made everyone has to express their ideas individually
D) everyone is free to express their ideas as much as they want
E) there is less opportunity for each person to speak

2. According to the passage, small groups ----.

A) are always more successful than large groups in terms of decision making
B) can have some disadvantages as well
C) express their criticism more freely than large groups
D) have always infinite resources
E) are unable to make a decision at the end of discussions

3. The author of the article suggests that ----.

A) the number of people in a small group must not be more than five
B) large groups are always superior to small groups
C) the ideal size for a small group should be five to seven
D) small groups are better as members of them have a chance lo criticize each other
E) everyone should listen to each other's ideas no matter how large the group is

TV Effects on Children
Answer the questions according to the reading.
A recent opinion poll discovered that many people were very concerned about the amount of sex and violence
depicted in movies, television shows, and popular music. This poll also discovered, however, that most people
thought that individuals should take responsibility to correct the problems. The vast majority favored such solutions
as tighter parental supervision, warning labels on records, and voluntary self-restraints by entertainment
companies. Only 27 per cent favored government censorship. At the same time, there was growing concern about
the impact of television on children. Research has shown that by the time our children reach age 18, they have
spent more time watching television than in school. The problem was that our television system was attuned to
the marketplace. Children are treated as a market to be sold to advertisers at so much money per thousand
eyeballs.

1. According to the reading, to prevent the bad effects of television, only a minority ----.
A) support individual action
B) say parents should supervise their children
C) believe in the necessity of censorship applied by governments
D) think television companies have to control their own broadcasting
E) require the records be put labels

2. It is stated in the passage that ----.

A) many people think pop music videos are not so violent as movies
B) movies today are a good means to show the young the possible dangers awaiting for them in the real world
C) parents believe there should be more TV shows on television suitable for the young's sexual education
D) television has covered more place in an eighteen-year-old teenager's life than school
E) parents believe schools are the places where our children first learn what violence is

3. It is emphasized in the reading that ----.

A) many children have eyesight problems due to watching television excessively
B) children are a main focus of the advertisers
C) there are not enough advertisements on television
D) our television shows should be designed according to our children's preferences
E) children should learn what to watch on television at school

Answer the questions according to the reading

Unconditional Love / Motherly Love
Motherly love by its very nature is unconditional. Mother loves the newborn infant because it is her child, not
because the child has fulfilled any specific condition, or lived up to any specific expectations. Unconditional
love corresponds to one of the deepest longings, not only of the child, but also of every human being. On the
other hand, to be loved because of one's merit or because one deserves it, always leaves doubt and there is
always a fear that love could disappear. Furthermore deserved love easily leaves a bitter feeling that one is
not loved for himself but is loved only because he pleases, and that he is not loved at all but used. No
wonder that we cling to the longing for motherly love, as children and also as adults.
1. One can conclude from the reading that in order for a mother to love her child, ----.
A) a child has to earn such love
B) the child is expected to do what is required from him
C) they have to share many memories
D) there are certain specific conditions they both have to follow
E) the child doesn't need to do anything

2. It is understood from the passage that if you are to do something to be loved, ----.
A) you cannot get as much satisfaction as motherly love
B) you won't have any doubts about the others' feelings towards you
C) it is impossible that you may lose love one day
D) your mother will love you more
E) you can feel confident all the time

3. As it is pointed out in the passage, motherly love ----.

A) is the only love a baby can get
B) is what we need even if we are grown-up
C) is necessary only for children
D) is not related to unconditional love
E) is the kind of love that we lose when we grow up

Pride and Prejudice

Pride and Prejudice, by far the most popular of all Jane Austen's novels, requires no detailed description.
Jane Austen said of it that it "is rather too light, and bright, and sparkling; it wants shade," and this is perhaps
the reason for its popularity. The precision and vivacity of style carry the reader through the novel with ease
and spirit; there is a sparkling life about the characters and rainwashed freshness about the scenery which
combine to make this gayest of Jane Austen's novels, in spite of deeper overtones which emerge when
Charlotte Lucas agrees to marry Mr. Collins or when Lydia is discovered to have run off with Wickham with
no prospect of marriage. The speed and ski ii with which the author moves into the story is remarkable.

1. According to the passage, Pride and Prejudice ----.

A) doesn't need elaborate explanation
B) is the most famous novel in English literature
C) doesn't require shade to be understood by the readers
D) is popular due to its vivacity of style
E) doesn't want popularity by the readers

2. It's implied in the passage that ----.

A) there is no promising life about the characters in the novel
B) Lydia and Wickham become happy after they have married
C) Charlotte Lucas had an unhappy life with Mr. Collin's
D) Jane Austen doesn't comment on her own book
E) the landscape of the novel adds lively atmosphere into it

3. Author Jane Austen confessed ----.

A) that she didn't write the novel on her own
B) the reasons why Pride and Prejudice is so popular
C) the ugliness of her novel
D) her own skill and ability to affect public
E) same solutions about Lydia's marriage

Answer the questions according to the reading.

Struggle Against Obesity
Obese people don't want pity and we don't want anything but a hand up so we can get back to work. Some of
us would like to contribute and even pay taxes again but we need some assistance. There are all kinds of
programs assisting young people to go to school, like student loans and grants. This really large group of our
population could benefit from some sort of program that might involve education, liposuction, special
footwear, and a part-time personal trainer who would develop individualized solutions for each person. Let's
get some intelligent kind of operation going. Let's develop a war on fat.
1. According to the passage, the obese people want ----.
A) a lot of money to live without working
B) assistance to live a normal life
C) some hospitals for cosmetic surgeries to remove their fats
D) to pay taxes for everything that they buy
E) students loan and grant

2. It's understood from the passage that an assistance program ----.

A) may consist of education, liposuction or special footwear
B) will provide a lot of money to the fats
C) will be available next year
D) is use in all over the country
E) is available only for obese people

3. The author suggests that obese people ---.

A) to make war against all kinds of programs
B) to help their peers
C) to struggle against obesity
D) to be more educated
E) fight with the enemy harshly

Answer the questions according to the reading.

Experimenting on Animals
Life processes are similar in all animals with backbones. So physiologists can find out a lot about the human
body by studying animals such as frogs, rats and rabbits. Sometimes research involves the death of these
animals. But physiologists take great care not to hurt the animals. The animals are usually put to sleep during
the experiments so they do not feel pain. Many people think animals should not be used for experiments. But
it is only by physiological research that medicine has been able to advance. Polio is a disease that attacks
the nerves. Millions of people have been protected from polio by a fluid called a vaccine. Tissue from
monkeys is used to make the vaccine.
1. According to the passage, ----.
A) animals with bones are of no great importance in experimental researches
B) animals can die if not vaccinated by experimental team
C) although many people resist against animals being utilized in researches, it is necessary
D) by the help of experimental researches, millions of people have been protected against rats and frogs
E) rats, frogs and rabbits are grown for only experimental researches

2. Experimental researches ----.

A) are of paramount significance for the polio infected monkeys
B) are the mere way that medicine can progress
C) are carried out to remove infected tissues from the animals
D) include only reptiles to discover the vaccines
E) can be hazardous as much as polio

3. It's clearly stated in the passage that ----.

A) millions of people have been killed by polio disease so far
B) physiologists can cure rats, rabbits and frogs as well as people
C) experimental animals are first put to sleep and then used for research
D) monkeys are usually infected with polio
E) the discovery of the remedy to fatal diseases lies in using monkeys

Answer the questions according to the reading

Poisonous Snakes
The most dangerous animals on the North American continent, by a margin of 1000 to one, are not bears,
mountain lions or wolves but poisonous snakes. Attacks occur far more frequently than most people suspect;
6500 to 7000 humans are bitten by venomous snakes in the United States each year. Fortunately, the death
rate from snakebite is low, largely because of widespread knowledge about snakes and the fact that in most
cases treatment is prompt. Yet for the victims, even though they survive, the ordeal is a dreadful experience
sometimes resulting weeks or months of illness, permanent crippling, the loss of a hand or foot, or other
lasting handicaps.
1. The North American continent ----.
A) has the most dangerous animal in the world
B) suffers much from wolves than bears
C) cannot bear mountain lions and wolves
D) is usually subject to poisonous snake attacks
E) can guess the time of attacks of snakes

2. The death rate from snakebite ----.

A) is quite high despite the well-informed people
B) cannot be estimated by citizens in America
C) created much more problems due to lack of knowledge
D) deterred people not to go out during the day
E) is considered to be small regarding the number of bites

3. According to the passage, snakebite ----.

A) doesn't need immediate treatment
B) usually causes death
C) is a sort of danger for people
D) has only about 6500 victims
E) only creates illness

Answer the questions according to the reading

Alcohol And Women Infertility
Alcohol consumption may be linked to a women's risk of infertility, say researches supported by the National
Institute of Child Health. In a study of nearly 6000 women, researchers from the Harvard School of Public
Health looked at Data from those evaluated at seven infertility clinics. After adjusting for other factors that
could affect results, such as age and cigarette smoking, researchers found a strong association between
alcohol (more than the equivalent of seven cans of beer a week) and infertility due to ovulation problems. The
inability to conceive was about 30 percent more likely to occur in women who drank moderately and about 60
percent more likely in women who drank heavily.
1. The researchers supported by the National Institute of Child Health ----.
A) took care of women who're suffering from alcohol
B) have spent a lot of money on fertility
C) have been victims of infertility
D) said alcohol may affect women's fertility
E) have also worked for Harvard University

2. According to the passage, one can assume that women who are infertile, ----.
A) possibly drink more than seven cans of beer a week
B) are students at Harvard university
C) smoked a lot of cigarettes when they were very young
D) used to go hospitals because of serious problems
E) really don't like babies and some of them hate babies

3. The passage tells us that ----.

A) smoking is not as harmful as alcohol
B) a lot of researches have been done on smoking
C) we are unaware of the side-effects of infertility
D) beer is also a kind of alcohol
E) women who drink heavily have the risk of infertility

What is an Earthquake
Earthquake is a sudden movement in Earth's crust which produces vibration. These vibrations may be
detectable only by sensitive instruments called seismographs, or else they may kill thousands as they
destroy cities. Many earthquakes are caused when rocks move along faults. Severe earthquakes are most
common near the edges of the "plates" in the Earth's crust, such as around the Pacific Ocean, along the mid-
Atlantic ridge and in the Mediterranean and South- West Asian regions. They occur when the plates move.
So me earthquakes are caused by volcanic action, explosions and other factors, Earthquakes under the sea
trigger off huge waves called tsunamis.
1. According to the passage, ----.
A) rocks move when the earthquakes occur
B) seismographs may devastate cities if not detected
C) earthquakes are caused by huge waves called tsunamis
D) earthquakes are more likely to happen where there are faults
E) sudden movements in the earth's crust are called volcanic eruptions

2. It's obvious in the passage that ----.

A) many big cities are founded upon the faults
B) big cities are more likely to confront earthquakes
C) the Pacific Ocean is the most likely place for the earthquakes
D) movement of rocks along the faults trigger tsunamis
E) Earth's most perilous places are the Pacific Ocean, the Mid-Atlantic,     South-West Asia and the
Mediterranean

3. We can understand from the passage that ----.

A) some of the volcanic blasts are caused by earthquakes
B) tsunamis are more likely to exist in the Mediterranean and the Mid-Atlantic
C) severe earthquakes cannot be detected beforehand
D) movements of plates leads to big earthquakes
E) faults are created by the detectable vibrations

Answer the questions according to the reading.

Note Taking While Reading
One can write notes either in the novel he or she is reading or in a separate notebook. The advantage of the
former method is that it doesn't disturb one's reading too much; disadvantage is that it spoils a book, it affects
one's second reading of the novel, there is not always too much room for the notes in the book. One way
round these problems is to write brief notes in pencil in a novel as one is reading, then to copy these up and
expand them in a separate notebook. These also allow one to copy out brief extracts from the novel which
strike one as important, and it means that you file for future reference only notes about which you have
thought a second time after having finished reading the novel.

1. It's stated in the passage that ----.

A) there is more than one way to take notes
B) writing notes in the novel doesn't harm the book so much
C) taking notes in a separate book has only disadvantages
D) one 's reading too much spoils a book
E) studying a novel is more difficult than reading it in detail

2. According to the passage, ----.

A) writing a novel is more difficult than reading it
B) short notes may be helpful in the future
C) making notes larger is no longer valid for readers
D) one can read either novel or short story easily
E) it's not practical to read a novel twice

3. The main concern of the passage is ----.

A) the methods of reading a book
B) how to cope with problems of reading a novel
C) the notes that are taken while reading a novel
D) the obstacles during writing
E) how to write a good novel

Novelist Samuel Richardson

The novel develops after the death of Defoe, with S.Richardson (1689-1761), a professional printer who took
novel-writing when he was fifty. Richardson liked to help young women with the composition of their love-
letters and was asked by a publisher to write a volume of model letters for use on various occasions. He was
inspired to write a novel in the form of a series of letters, a novel which should implant a moral lesson in the
minds of its readers (he thought of these readers primarily as women). This novel was Pamela, or Virtue
Rewarded, which describes the defamation made on the honor of a virtuous housemaid by a young man.

1. It can be inferred from the passage that Samuel Richardson ----.

A) was more interested in printing
B) wrote more than one novel
C) forced young women to write love-letters
D) became only an expert printer in his life
E) has an important place in the history of literature

2. We learn that Samuel Richardson ----.

A) aimed at giving moral messages to people
B) asked a publisher to write a novel
C) liked being helped by females
D) made the women read his novels
E) liked to compose his own letters with young women

3. It's implied that Richardson's "Pamela" ----.

A) is composed only of defamation made by a man
B) has more than one title
C) explains the causes of defamation
D) intends to give ethical message to men
E) narrates the life of a corrupt person

Answer the questions according to the reading

How To Live Longer
A group of researchers has demonstrated that pleasure and positive states of mind are better for our health.
This new intellectual approach to health is not only more powerful, but also has no side effects. Central to
this claim are recent findings that even getting an education may add as much as 10 years to your health.
That is why National Geographic featured John de Rosen in its book The Incredible Machine, which
discussed old age. De Rosen, an artist, continued to paint until the week he died at age 91. The book notes:
"Same scientists believe that retirement to a sedentary lifestyle initiates or aggravates medical problems,
thus shortening life. According to a study of retired people, adults over 65 can learn a creative skill, like oil
painting, as readily as younger students." So retiring from a job in a sense means retiring from life unless
supplemented by some other, preferably new activity.
1. It's implied in the passage that De Rosen -----.
A) passed away while he was painting his last picture
B) was the author of the book The Incredible Machine
C) questioned his spinster-hood before he died
D) proved National Geographic's claim about the effects of work on people's life-duration
E) owed his long life to getting an education

2. As Incredible Machine's note suggests some scientists believed that retirement to a sedentary
lifestyle ----.
A) deteriorates one's health considerably
B) makes his life longer than working man
C) forces one to find new hobbies
D) comforts the older to some extent
E) enables him to have more spare time

3. It can be inferred from the passage that there is no ----.

A) difference in learning a creative skill between adults over 65 and younger students
B) success in the researchers' experiments
C) activity after retiring from a job
D) pleasure in developing one 's abilities
E) intention to get a creative skill for most of adults

Answer the questions after reading the article below.

Mental Illnesses
There are many times when someone suffering from either a mental illness or depression may not even realize that
there is a problem. I have suffered from depression myself. I was completely unaware of what was wrong with me and
I did not have anyone else around me who noticed any signs or symptoms. My family doctor pointed it out to me. It
was hard for me to accept at first, but after having the hard facts placed in front of my face and understanding that it
may get worse, I had no choice but to get help. A lot of people who suffer from such problems tend to be more alone
than anyone realizes. I suspect that anyone who is unaware of their condition would probably be shocked, as I was. It
might be necessary to have someone, perhaps a good friend reveal us their suspicion so we could seek help.

Top of Form
1. It can be understood from the passage that ----.
A) some doctors are unaware of their patients' problems
B) a lot of people have family doctors
C) mental illnesses are not a big problem today
D) people cannot easily realize their own mental illnesses
E) we have a lot of choices to become healthy

2. Someone who is suffering from a either mental illness or depression ----.

A) should go to his family doctor
B) may hurt other people
C) has to find his friends to talk about it
D) will one day realize everything if he wants
E) generally isn't aware of the condition

3. The author seems to be suggesting that ----.

A) large families generally have a family doctor
B) we cannot be aware of how much these ill people suffer
C) those who are suffering from a mental illness should see a doctor
D) everybody can easily accept their illness
E) there are a lot of people in our society who are suffering from mental illnesses

IQ, EFFORT And SUCCESS

Answer the questions according to the reading
Many people with high IQ scores fail to become successful due to lack of motivation, laziness, or short
attention span. In contrast, some people with low IQ succeed with greater personal dedication, systematic
effort, and motivation. One can eliminate the disadvantage that comes with a low IQ score by choosing the
right career path. For example, one might have special talents for a particular sport while failing to perform as
well as the others academically. This can be justified with greater motivation and dedication. Individuals will
have greater motivation in pursuing careers they are skilled. They will like it more and put more effort in it.
One of the best ways parents can help is to help their children discover themselves and their skills.
1. Some very intelligent people can have failures because ----.
A) they have short life span
B) they focus on details too much
C) of various factors
D) they are expected to do so by the society
E) most of them have no analytic intelligence at all

2. People with low IQ scores may very well be successful ----.

A) but they lack motivation and personality
B) as they are praised by their teachers
C) since they devote themselves to their tasks and perform a great effort
D) although they have great abilities and intelligence
E) due to the encouragement of their close mates

3. We can infer from the passage that ----.

A) success is not always an indicator of intelligence
B) Western cultures focus on ability as the major determinant of success
C) an athlete can be successful in every sports if he has high IQ scores
D) infants adopted by privileged families tend to have higher IQs
E) talent is the key to a successful career

Princess Diana
Answer the questions according to the reading
Diana, Princess of Wales, became famous when she decided to marry Prince Charles. She became the most
photographed person in the world. Everywhere she went, there were photographers taking pictures of her
and people were very interested in her clothes, where she went on holiday and who she was with. They were
also interested in the problems between her and her husband. When they divorced she remained very
popular. In addition to her image as a 'star', Princess Diana used her influence to attract attention to some
charities. She was very sympathetic to all people who were ill and unhappy and dedicated time to helping
them and drawing public attention to their problems. She used to visit homeless people regularly and did a lot
of work for the National AIDS Trust; she visited people suffering from AIDS.
1. It is implied in the passage that before her marriage to Prince Charles, Diana was ----.
A) widowed by another Prince of Wales
B) an unknown figure to public
C) one of the relatives to his family
D) followed by an army of photographers
E) was one of the victims of the epidemic AIDS

2. It can be understood from the passage that Diana and Charles ----.
A) got on well due to her sympathy with children
B) were expected to get divorced soon after the wedding
C) had children before their marriage
D) ended up in a marriage failure
E) visited the hospitals in poor regions

3. It is easy to infer from the passage that ----.

A) Prince Charles married someone else after separation
B) the Royal Family never approved Diana's marriage to Prince Charles
C) the National AIDS Trust was one of the clubs which Diana was a member of
D) one photographer caused Diana to die in a car accident
E) Diana wasn't indifferent to suffering people

What is a Virus Made Of

All viruses are made up of two kinds of substance. First, all viruses contain proteins. Proteins are chemical substances that
occur in all living creatures. A particle, or molecule, of a protein consists of a long chain of substances called amino acids.
There are about 20 different kinds of amino acid in proteins. These can be arranged in any order on the protein chain.
Different kinds of plant or animal contain proteins with different arrangements of amino acids. The protein generally forms the
outer coat of a virus. This outer layer of protein encloses the second kind of substance found in all viruses - nucleic acid.

1. It is clear from the passage that ----.

A) proteins are greatly damaged by viruses
B) the amount of proteins differs in each animal or plant
C) few proteins are without amino acids
D) it is impossible to find a living thing with no proteins
E) a virus's resistance depends on the amount of proteins it contains

2. The arrangement of amino acids ----.

A) is very simple in the proteins of the viruses
B) is determined by the kinds of proteins
C) can be harmed if too many viruses confront the proteins
D) has nothing to do with proteins
E) varies among each living thing

3. The second substance of the viruses ----.

A) consists of only amino acids
B) is usually the part covered by proteins
C) protects it from outer effects
D) must contain at least 20 amino acids
E) is not as essential as the first one

Match the Definition

1. A pedestrian is someone 
2. A compass is an instrument  a. that has wings, but can’t fly.
3. A kidnapper is someone  b. which helps us measure lengths or draw straight lines.
4. A customer is a person  c. which looks like a piano.
5. An ostrich is a large bird  d. who is walking in a street, not travelling in a vehicle.
6. A ruler is something  e. which is rich in vitamin C.
7. A referee is a person  f. who buys something, esp. from a shop.
8. An orphan is a child  g. who has lost his parents by birth.
9. A cabbage is a vegetable  h. that is used for finding directions.
10. An organ is a musical instrument  i. who has taken a person, usually a child, away by force and
is demanding money for his safe return.
j. who controls a sports match or contest.
 1. altogether a. to behave in an ostentatious way to impress others

2. brag b. a face seen from the side

3. even out c. without paying attention

4. hold out for d. to tell about your own achievements

5. lame e. useless facts

6. marvel f. to insist on something

7. negligence g. to come into balance

8. profile h. carelessness

9. illiterate i. to be amazed

10. show off j. one who cannot read or write

11. absently k. to pull hard

12. squabble l. completely

13. stray m. to argue

14.  trivia n. to get lost

15. yank o. stupid and boring

Fill in the blanks with the words in the box, make plural if needed.
optional instructions independently term assignment
genius specimen peer acceptable mental

1. Three days was simply not a(n) ---- amount of time to complete such a lot of work.
2. You don't need to be a(n) ---- to see what the problem here is.
3. Make sure you read all the ---- carefully before setting up the device.
4. There are special schools for students with ---- disorders.
5. Seeing that some of their ---- have one, children ask their parents for a mobile phone at a very early age.
6. When the space probe landed on Mars, the first thing it did was to take a(n) ---- from the Martian soil.
7. The students get monthly ---- which usually include writing a report.
8. Half of the courses in our department were ----. There were a variety of courses to choose from.
9. Children need to be taught to learn ---- at primary school, otherwise they can't get anywhere in their school life.
10. In most countries, schools have two ----, or semesters, while in others there can be up to six.

Vocabulary Match
outstanding blend stimulate lyrics charming
improvisation repetitive derive compose recognition
1. Arouse, Encourage –
2. Happening again –
3. Appreciation, Liking –
4. Something done without any preparation –
5. Better than the rest –
6. Come from –
7. The words of a song –
8. Harmonious mixture –
9. Write / create music –
10. Attractive, Good looking -