Correlation, Regression, Curve Fitting

1. The following data shows number of calls made by 10 sales representative and the
number of machine sold.
No. of sales calls 20 40 20 30 10 10 20 20 20 30
No. of machines sold 30 60 40 60 30 40 40 50 30 70
Obtain Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient and comment on its value.
2. Comment the correlation between age and success of the students in an examination
based on the following data:
Age 20 – 22 22 – 24 24 – 26 26 – 28 28 – 30 30 – 32
No. of candidates appeared 120 100 75 90 50 40
No. of candidates passed 102 82 63 72 39 30
3. For the information given below, find product moment correlation coefficient and
comment on its value.
𝑛 = 8 , Σ𝑥 = 40 , Σ𝑦 = 88 , Σ𝑥𝑦 = 404 , Σ𝑥 2 = 220 , Σ𝑦 2 = 1058
4. The following calculations are available for 20 pairs of observations on 𝑥 and 𝑦.
Σ𝑥 = 100 , Σ𝑦 = 80 , Σ𝑥𝑦 = 406.4 , Σ𝑥 2 = 520 , Σ𝑦 2 = 368 .
It was later found that one of the pair of observation was wrongly copied as (5 , 4),
while the correct value was (4 , 5). Find the correct value of correlation coefficient.
5. Given 𝑟 = 0.5 , cov (𝑥, 𝑦) = 4 , s. d. (𝑥) = 2.5 , Σ𝑦 2 = 192.4 , 𝑛 = 10 . Find mean of 𝑦
6. The following table shows ranks given by two judges to 10 participants in signing
competition. Find Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.
Judge 1 1 9 4 2 8 5 7 3 10 6
Judge 2 3 10 6 1 8 2 4 5 9 7
7. The marks scored by 8 students in Statistics and their ranks in Economics are given
below. Calculate Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and comment.
Marks in Statistics 39 65 76 45 90 31 72 59
Ranks in Economics 8 3 1 7 2 6 4 5
8. If the rank correlation coefficient is 0.5 and sum of squares of differences between the
ranks is 10, find number of observations used in calculating rank correlation coefficient.
9. From the following data calculate the coefficient of rank correlation between X and Y.
X 32 55 49 60 43 37 43 49 10 20
Y 40 30 70 20 30 50 72 60 45 25
10. The following table shows the marks obtained by 10 students in Accountancy and
Statistics. Find the Spearman’s coefficient of rank correlation.
Student No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Accountancy 45 70 65 30 90 40 50 57 85 60
Statistics 35 90 70 40 95 40 60 80 80 50
Will the result change if the marks in the two subjects of all the students are increased
by 5 and 10 respectively? Will the result change if marks in the two subjects of all the
students are halved?
11. Obtain estimated linear regression equation of 𝑦 on 𝑥 for the data given below.
X 2 4 8 11 14 15
Y 10 15 18 20 24 30
12. Given: number of pairs of observations of 𝑥 and 𝑦 = 20 , Mean of 𝑥 = 10 , Mean of
𝑦 = 25 , Sum of squares of deviations of 𝑥 values from mean = 160 , Sum of product
of deviations of 𝑥 and 𝑦 values from their respective means = 300 . Find the regression
equation of 𝑦 on 𝑥 . Estimate the value of 𝑦 when 𝑥 = 8 .
13. Given the following information calculate most likely value of 𝑦 when 𝑥 = 10.
𝑛 = 7 , Σ𝑥 = 49 , Σ𝑦 = 161 , Σ𝑥𝑦 = 1253 , Σ𝑥 2 = 476 , Σ𝑦 2 = 4032
 Correlation, Regression, Curve Fitting

14. A car manufacture is carrying out some tests on a new type of engine to examine the
impact of speed on petrol consumption. The following data are obtained under
laboratory conditions where the engine can be run at a constant speed.
Speed (kms per hour) 20 25 30 40 50 60
Kms. Per litre of petrol 20 18 17 16 14 10
(a) Which is the dependent variable?
(b) Obtain the regression equation of kms per litre on speed
(c) Estimate kms per litre if the car is driven at the speed 25 kms per hour
(d) Calculate coefficient of correlation and comment.
15. For the data given below (i) obtain the regression coefficient (ii) regression equations
(iii) estimate of 𝑥 when 𝑦 = 15 (iv) estimate of 𝑦 when 𝑥 = 50
X 20 50 40 70 60 30
Y 10 16 14 20 17 13
16. The following data represents the monthly salary of an employee and length of the
service in certain organization.
Salary (in ‘000 Rs.’) 20 15 3 12 8 24 18 5
Length of service (years) 8 7 1 6 4 10 8 2
Estimate the salary of an employee who has put in 5 years of service.
17. The means of 𝑥 and 𝑦 are 45 and 30 respectively, while their standard deviations are
5 and 12. The correlation coefficient between 𝑥 and 𝑦 is 0.9. Find the two regression
equations and estimate most likely value of 𝑥 when 𝑦 = 25
18. The regression equation 𝑥 on 𝑦 is 8𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 150 and the regression equation 𝑦 on
𝑥 is 𝑥 + 10𝑦 = 200. Find (i) regression coefficients (ii) correlation coefficient
(iii) mean of 𝑥 and 𝑦 (iv) standard deviation of 𝑦 if standard deviation of 𝑥 is 3.
19. The regression equations are 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 60 and 5𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 95 .
Find: (i) ) regression coefficients (ii) correlation coefficient (iii) mean of 𝑥 and 𝑦
(iv) standard deviation of 𝑥 if standard deviation of 𝑦 is 5.
20. If the tangent of the angle made by the line of regression of 𝑦 on 𝑥 is 0.6 and 𝜎𝑦 = 2𝜎𝑥
Find the correlation coefficient between 𝑥 and 𝑦
21. Fit the quadratic curve to the following data and estimate 𝑦 when 𝑥 = 5
X 2 4 6 8 10
Y 35 100 200 350 540
22. Fit the second degree polynomial curve to the following data given below.
Year 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
Population (in thousands) 10 20 30 50 70 95 125
𝑏
23. Fit the curve of the type 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 to the following data.
X 10 20 30 40 50 60
Y 40 60 75 90 105 115
24. Fit the curve of the type 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 𝑥 to the following data.
X 1 2 3 4 5
Y 70 430 2590 15550 93310
25. Fit the curve of the form 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑒 𝑏𝑥 to the following data.
X 0 2 4 6 8
Y 5 55 1095 2100 4000
26. Fit the curve of the type 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 log 𝑥 to the following data.
X 15 25 35 45 55
Y 68 76 81 86 89
27. Fit a parabola of the form 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐𝑥 2 to the following data.
X −5 −3 −1 1 3 5
Y −9 −7 −4 0 8 16
Correlation, Regression, Curve Fitting