2020 International Conference on Computer Network, Electronic and Automation (ICCNEA)
Application of Internet of Things Technology in the Urban and Rural
Transportation
Haixiang Li*
Xi'an Traffic Engineering Institute
Xi’an, China
E-mail: 2544768626@qq.com
*The corresponding author
Abstract—In order to improve the information monitoring
ability and service level of urban and rural passenger
transport industry management departments, under the
background of the rapid development of Internet of things
(IOT) technology, this paper proposes a new model of urban
and rural passenger transport regulatory information
construction and development. In view of the problems
existing in the current urban and rural passenger transport
service, this paper analyzes the effect of Internet of things
technology application from five aspects of accuracy,
comprehensiveness, stability, coordination and economy. The
results show that the Internet of things technology has obvious
technical advantages compared with the traditional way, and
the Internet of things technology has a wide range of
applicability in the field of urban and rural passenger services.
The optimization scheme of urban and rural passenger
transport service based on Internet of things technology is
proposed.
Keywords-Urban Passenger Transport; Industry Supervision;
Internet of Things; Operation Monitoring; Scientific Decision-
Making
I. INTRODUCTION
With the rapid development of China's Rural
Revitalization Strategy and the deepening implementation of
the public transport priority development strategy, the urban
and rural passenger transport development environment has
been further improved. By the end of 2019, China's urban
and rural passenger transport system had transported 231566
million passengers, an increase of 3.5% year on year.
Among them, the passenger volume of bus and trolley bus is
178.19 billion, accounting for 89.4%; the passenger volume
of taxi is 53.376 billion, accounting for 10.6% [1].
TABLE I. ANALYSIS OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANTAGES OF THE INTERNET OF THINGS
Traditional way
Accuracy General accuracy
Overall Mainly spot check
Vulnerable to
Stability
environmental impact
hard to achieve functional
Coordination
coordination
Economy Low construction cost
978-1-7281-7083-1/20/$31.00 ©2020 IEEE
DOI10.1109/ICCNEA50255.2020.00061
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Xiaonan Wang
Xi'an Traffic Engineering Institute
Xi’an, China
E-mail: 1006824227@qq.com
Although the urban passenger transport industry has
made gratifying achievements in recent years, due to the
continuous narrowing of the distance between urban and
rural areas and the rapid expansion of the population living
in villages and towns, the travel demand of urban and rural
residents is growing day by day, which puts forward higher
requirements for the service capacity and quality of urban
and rural passenger transport. With the release of the
national new urbanization plan (2014-2020) issued by the
State Council, the process of urbanization, motorization and
urban-rural integration will be further accelerated, and the
contradiction between urban and rural passenger service
level and increasing travel demand will be further
aggravated, which brings great challenges to urban and rural
passenger operation management departments.
II. TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION OF INTERNET OF THINGS
The Internet of things is an important part of the new
generation of information technology, which is the
integration of information collection technology, computer
technology and Internet technology. The International
Telecommunication Union (ITU) put forward in 2005 that
the Internet of things is a network that realizes the
interconnection of devices all over the world through RFID,
intelligent computing and other technologies. In 2010, China
put forward in the government work report that the Internet
of things refers to a kind of network that connects any object
with the Internet for information exchange and
communication according to the agreed protocol through
information sensing equipment, so as to realize intelligent
identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and
management [2]. Internet of things technology has obvious
advantages compared with traditional manual processing
technology, as shown in Table 1:
Internet of things technology
High accuracy
Comprehensive monitoring
Basically not affected by the
environment
Able to achieve business function
collaboration
High construction cost
264
 In the field of urban and rural passenger transport, the
Internet of things technology is mainly manifested in
connecting various information sources, vehicle terminals,
station terminals and the Internet, which can realize the
collection and processing of relevant information of
operating vehicles, stations, drivers and passengers, and can
carry out data transmission and exchange with the
background management system. The on-board information
sensing equipment includes satellite positioning terminal,
traveling recorder, on-board POS machine, IC card reader
and other terminal equipment, while the station information
sensing equipment includes RFID reader and writer, video
monitoring equipment, entrance and exit gate and other
terminal equipment. Through the Internet of things
technology to realize the organic connection between the
information source, vehicle, station terminal and background
system, not only the data connection and communication
between the terminal equipment and background system, but
also the data connection and communication between
various vehicle terminals, between various station terminals,
between vehicle terminals and station terminals. Satellite
positioning, NFC near-field communication, RFID radio
frequency and other technologies are used to realize the
perception of information source, can bus and other
technologies are used to realize the equipment
interconnection between vehicle terminals, ZigBee and other
technologies are used to realize the communication between
vehicle terminals and station terminals.
III. URBAN AND RURAL PASSENGER TRANSPORT
TECHNOLOGY
With the promotion of "transit metropolis" demonstration
city and "urban and rural public transport intelligent
application demonstration project" by the Ministry of
transport, the informatization will lead the development of
urban passenger transport industry and effectively improve
the governance capacity and service level of urban public
passenger transport.
It is proposed in the construction guide of urban public
transport intelligent application demonstration project
(hereinafter referred to as the Construction Guide) issued by
the Ministry of transport in 2018:it should "realize the
accurate and timely grasp of the basic information and
operation status information of urban public transport
industry by the competent department of transportation,
enhance the supervision ability of the competent department
of transportation, and promote the standardization of
industry management". It should "build corresponding
application system to support scientific decision-making
such as service quality assessment, development level
assessment, transit metropolis assessment and adjustment of
line network optimization" [3].
With the development of smart city construction in China,
Internet of things technology has been widely used in front-
end perception and data collection [4]. The development of
Internet of things technology promotes the functional
transformation of urban passenger transport industry
supervision, which is mainly reflected in three aspects: the
transformation from post supervision to full supervision, the

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transformation from static supervision to dynamic
supervision, and the transformation from inspection based to
inspection and prevention combined [5]. Combined with the
specific requirements of the construction guide and the trend
of the transformation of regulatory functions, the urban
passenger transport industry management department should
realize the supervision of operating enterprises, lines,
vehicles, employees and passenger flow, which is mainly
reflected in the following points:
1) For operation enterprises: Industry management
departments need to conduct enterprise service quality
evaluation, enterprise operation cost and income analysis,
enterprise traffic accident mortality statistics, enterprise
operation plan completion statistics, enterprise operation
vehicle admission statistics, taxi departure statistics;
2) For operation lines: The industry management
department needs to carry out the statistics of line shift
exchange rate, departure interval in peak period, qualified
rate of line arrival interval, on-time rate of first and last line
departure and on-time rate of first and last line arrival;
3) For operating vehicles / ships: The industry
management department needs to carry out vehicle mileage
statistics, vehicle fuel consumption statistics, congestion
analysis during peak hours, vehicle law enforcement audit
management statistics (illegal operation, not driving
according to the specified line, refusing to carry passengers,
etc.), taxi no-load rate analysis;
4) For employees: The industry management
department needs to carry out qualification inspection and
management, statistics of driving accidents of employees,
analysis of dangerous driving behaviors of employees
(quick opening and closing, sudden braking, sharp turning,
etc.), complaints and handling of employees, and service
quality evaluation of taxi drivers.
To sum up, the industry management function
requirements based on Internet of things technology are
shown in Table 2:
IV. APPLICATION OF INTERNET OF THINGS TECHNOLOGY
A. Comparative analysis of Internet of things technology
and traditional way
Urban and rural passenger transport information
supervision platform can provide services for scientific
decision-making of industry management, and operation
monitoring data is the core of information platform function
operation. Only by acquiring the operation monitoring data
accurately, timely and comprehensively, can we give full
play to the supervision and decision-making functions of the
application system.
B. Adaptability analysis of Internet of things technology
Internet of things is the integration and application
innovation of a variety of mature technologies, and can be
widely used in law enforcement audit management,
transportation capacity delivery supervision, operation
service supervision, traffic safety supervision, fuel
consumption supervision, passenger flow statistical analysis
and other regulatory businesses. The main categories and
application scenarios of Internet of things technology are as
follows:
1) Smart card and RFID Technology: Including CPU
card chip, RFID RFID tag, etc., smart card technology is
usually combined with contact reading and writing
technology, radio frequency identification technology, NFC
near-field communication technology, ZigBee short-range
wireless transmission technology, key management and
security authentication technology [6], it can realize the
identity authentication of vehicles and employees, which is
mainly used in the supervision of transportation capacity
delivery, operation service, fuel consumption and passenger
flow statistics and analysis [7];

TABLE II. REGULATORY FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORT INDUSTRY

Shipping
Bus and City
Functional requirement Rail transit Taxi
trolley Ferry

Enterprise service quality evaluation ● ● ● ●

The analysis of enterprise operation ● ● ● ●

Traffic accident mortality statistics ● ● ● ●

For operating
enterprises C ompletion of enterprise operation plan ● ●

Statistics of entry rate ● ● ●

Taxi rate statistics ● ●

Statistics of line shift exchange rate ● ● ●

Statistics of departure interval ● ● ●

Operation line Statistics of qualified rate of line ● ● ● ●
oriented
Statistics of the punctuality rate ● ● ●

Statistics of punctuality rate ● ● ●

mileage statistics ● ● ●

Vehicle fuel consumption statistics ● ● ●

For operating Analysis of congestion in rush hour ● ●
vehicles
Vehicle law enforcement inspection ● ● ●

Analysis of no load ratio of taxi ● ● ● ●

Qualification inspection management ● ● ● ●

Statistics of traffic accidents of employees ● ●

For e mployees Analysis of dangerous driving behavio ● ● ● ●

Complaints and handling of employees ● ●

Service quality evaluation of taxi drivers ● ●

2) Satellite positioning technology: Including GPS
satellite positioning, Beidou satellite positioning and other
technologies, which are usually combined with
microprocessor technology, wireless communication
technology, GIS / WebGIS technology and intelligent
scheduling technology. It is mainly used in transportation
capacity delivery supervision, traffic safety supervision and
fuel consumption supervision [8];
3) Video image technology: Including video acquisition,
video coding and other technologies, usually combined with
image recognition technology, image intelligent analysis
technology. It can realize the identity authentication of the
vehicle, as well as the real-time monitoring of the internal
state of the vehicle and the driver's behavior, which is
mainly used in the traffic safety supervision [9];


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 4) Sensor technology: Including resistance sensor,
piezoresistive sensor, photosensitive sensor and other
technologies, which are usually combined with CAN bus
communication technology. It can realize the monitoring
data collection of vehicle operation status and driver
operation behavior, mainly used in driving safety
supervision and fuel consumption supervision [10].
To sum up, the Internet of things technologies that can be
used in various businesses of urban passenger transport
industry supervision are shown in Table 3:
TABLE III. ANALYSIS OF APPLICATION SCENARIOS
Technology
Smart sensor satellite
card
supervise
Law enforcement
√
inspection
Transportation capacity
√ √ √ positioning information and data processing, information
delivery
Operational services √ √ √ applicable to the business requirements of transportation
Driving safety √ √ √
Fuel consumption √ √ √ √
Passenger flow statistics √  √ enterprises, automatic station reporting of vehicles, etc.
C. Comparative analysis of typical Internet of things
technology routes
Specific business requirements can be achieved through
a variety of Internet of things technologies. For example, the
demand of capacity delivery supervision can be realized not
only by smart card technology, but also by satellite
positioning technology and image recognition technology. In
the realization of specific business requirements, it is not
enough to determine only the technical methods. In the case
of adopting similar technical methods, there are still many
technical routes to choose. As the technical route of the
combination of business requirements of urban passenger
transport industry supervision and Internet of things
technology is quite rich, only the following typical technical
routes are selected for analysis and comparison in this paper:
1) CPU card + NFC communication + reader / writer:
CPU card is used as information carrier to transmit
information in contact mode, and data is analyzed and
processed by hand-held card reader and vehicle POS. It is
applicable to law enforcement audit management, passenger
flow statistics and analysis and other business needs, with
the advantages of accuracy, comprehensiveness, stability
and economy, and can cooperate with the operation of
vehicle fare collection business. However, parking
inspection is required during law enforcement, which will
cause certain interference to normal operation.

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2) CPU card + ZigBee communication + RSU: CPU
card is used as information carrier, ZigBee module is used
to transmit information, and RSU is used to analyze and
process data. It is applicable to law enforcement audit
management, transportation capacity delivery supervision,
operation service supervision and other business needs, with
the advantages of accuracy, comprehensive and stability,
and can realize non-stop audit, with general economy.
3) Passive RFID tag + RFID + Reader: The passive
RFID tag is used as information carrier to transmit
information through radio frequency, analyze and process
data through reader. It is suitable for law enforcement
inspection, transportation capacity delivery supervision and
video
other business needs, with the advantages of accuracy,
stability and low cost, and can cooperate with the enterprise
parking lot management business.
4) Satellite positioning terminal + wireless
communication: Real time acquisition of satellite
transmission through wireless communication module. It is
capacity delivery supervision, operation service supervision,
traffic safety supervision, etc. it has the advantages of
accuracy, comprehensiveness and coordination, and can
cooperate with the business of intelligent dispatching of
5) Video camera + smart chip: Video image can be
obtained by camera, video coding and real-time
transmission can be carried out, and license plate image
recognition, vehicle speed measurement, electronic fence
and other functions can be realized by intelligent processing
chip. It is applicable to business requirements such as
transportation capacity delivery supervision, traffic safety
supervision, passenger flow statistical analysis, etc. it has
the advantages of stability and cooperation, and can
cooperate with business such as enterprise parking lot
management and station security.
6) Sensor + can bus + smart chip: The information of
vehicle status, driver operation, passenger evaluation and so
on are obtained by various sensors, data transmission is
carried out by CAN bus, and data analysis and processing
are carried out by intelligent processing chip. It is suitable
for operation service supervision, driving safety supervision,
fuel consumption supervision and other business needs,
with the advantages of accuracy, stability and cooperation,
but with high cost, incomplete application scenarios, and
relatively low accuracy of some sensors (such as infrared
detection).
Through the analysis of advantages and disadvantages of
the above technical routes in business application, the
accuracy, comprehensiveness, stability, coordination,
economy and other aspects of the technical routes are scored
by using star rating method, as shown in Table 4:
267
TABLE IV. STAR RATING COMPARISON OF TYPICAL TECHNICAL ROUTES and storage is not high, which affects the integrity and
accuracy of monitoring data. With the proposal of the
Criteria Accu Compreh
ensive Stable coordinate "Internet plus" action plan, the attention of the departments
Technology racy
of urban and rural passenger transport industry will
CPU card ƾƾƾƾ ƾƾƾ ƾƾƾ ƾƾƾ gradually improve. The technology of Internet of things will
further integrate with the management of urban and rural
Zig Bee communication ƾƾ ƾƾƾ ƾƾƾ ƾƾƾƾ passenger transport industry, thus effectively improving the
governance capability and scientific decision-making level.
Passive RFID tag ƾƾƾ ƾƾƾƾ ƾƾ ƾƾ
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Satellite positioning ƾƾƾ ƾƾƾ ƾƾƾ ƾƾƾ Fund Project: Innovation training program for college
terminal
students in Shaanxi Province˄2019DC06˅
Video camera ƾƾƾ ƾƾƾ ƾƾƾ ƾƾƾ

Sensor ƾƾƾƾ ƾƾ ƾƾƾ ƾƾƾ REFERENCES

In the design and implementation of the project, each city
shall select one or more technical routes for combination
according to the local actual situation and construction
objectives, comprehensively consider the five project needs,
and build practical solutions.
V. CONCLUSION AND PROSPECT
The rapid development of Internet of things, cloud
computing, mobile Internet and other high-tech provides
strong support for the transformation of traditional
development mode of urban passenger transport industry.
The combination of Internet of things and mobile Internet
applications has become the trend of information technology
development, and will create a variety of market order and
management mode, such as network car rental service in the
form of special car, mobile payment based on NFC
technology, etc. Internet of things technology has a wide
application prospect in the supervision of urban and rural
passenger transport industry. Some economically developed
cities have begun to try the application based on Internet of
things technology, but in general, the application scope of
Internet of things technology in urban and rural passenger
transport field is not wide, the rate of information collection
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