TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLERATION …………………………………………………………… ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …………………………………………………………… iv
ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………… v
LIST OF TABLES …………………………………………………………… ix
LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………………… xvi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS …………………………………………………….……… ix

CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION……………………………………...…………… 1-15

1.1 General……………………………………………………………. 1

1.2 Global Road Accident Scenario………………………………… 2

1.3 Accident Scenario in India………………………………………... 4

1.3.1 Road Accidents…………………………………………… 5

1.4 Road Safety Audit………………………………………………… 7

1.4.1 Elements of Road Safety Audit…………………………… 7

1.4.2 Benefits of Road Safety Audit……………………………… 8

1.4.3 Objectives of Road Safety Audit…………………………… 8

1.4.4 Role of Diverse society in Road Safety Audit……………… 9

1.4.5 Approach and Methodology Used in Road Safety Audit…... 9

1.5 Outline of Thesis………………………………………………….. 13

1.6 Definitions……………………………………………………….. 14

CHAPTER -2 LITERATURE REVIEW………………………………………… 16-32

2.1 General……………………………………………………………. 16

2.2 Literature review on Accidental Studies and Road Safety Audit… 16

2.3 Objective of Thesis……………………………………………….. 31

2.4 Gap in Study……………………………………………………… 32

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CHAPTER -3 COLLECTION OF INVENTORY DATA FOR PATIALA ROADS… 33-41

3.1 Introduction……………………………………………………….. 33

3.2 Urbanization………………………………………………………. 33

3.3 Road Network…………………………………………………... 34

3.4 Road Network Characteristics……………………………………. 36

3.5 Road Intersections………………………………………………… 37

3.6 Length And Width Of Major Roads In Patiala City……………… 38

3.7 Traffic Volume On Main Road Network………………………… 40

CHAPTER–4 ACCIDENT COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS…………..……… 42-74

4.1 Study Area………………………………………………………... 42

4.2 Analysis of accident data…………………………………………. 43

4.2.1 Nature of Accident…………………………….…………… 44

4.2.2 Victim Sex……………………………………………… 43

4.2.3 Monthly wise classification of road accidents……………... 45

4.2.4 Number of accidents according hourly…………………….. 46

4.2.5 Day of Accident……………………………………………. 47

4.2.6 Type of Collision………………………………………… 48

4.2.7 Collision spot………………………………………………. 49

4.2.8 Hit and Run Cases…………………………………………. 50

4.2.9 Composition of vehicle wise road accidents...…………… 51

4.2.10 Crash matrix……….……………………………………... 54

4.2.11 Cause of The Accident…….……………………………… 56

4.3 Calculation of Accident Severity Index (ASI)……………………. 56

4.4 Calculations of Black Spots……….……………………………… 60

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 4.5 Reason of Accidents and their mitigation of Black Spot Areas…. 61

CHAPTER -5 ROAD SAFETY AUDIT……………………………...…………..… 75-180

5.1 Definition…………………………………………………………. 75

5.2 Classification of roads……………………………………………. 76

5.3 The Checklist for Urban Road Safety Audit……………………… 77

5.4 Format for filling the Road Safety Audit of Arterial Road……….. 81

5.5 Safety Audit Of Black Spot Areas And Other Areas……………... 87

5.5.1 Road Safety Audit of Fountain Chowk…………………...… 87

5.5.2 Road Safety Audit of Dukh Nivaran Chowk…………….…. 136

5.6 Locations of Road Safety Audit…………………………………... 162

5.7 Score Of Road Safety Audit …………………………………… 166

5.8 Speed Analysis……………………………………………………. 179

CHAPTER- 6 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION……………….....… 181-185

6.1 General…………………………………………………….....…… 181

6.2 Conclusion and Recommendations……………………………… 181

6.2.1 Conclusion for Analysis of accidents…………………….… 181

6.2.2 Main reasons for accident in Patiala………..…………….… 182

6.2.3 Recommendations for accidents………………..…………….… 182

6.2.4 Conclusion for Road Safety Audit……………..…………….… 184

6.2.5 Recommendations for Road Safety Audit…………………....… 185

REFRENCES ……………………………………………………………………… 186

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APPENDIX ……………………………………………………………………….. 189
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