RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

ESRA GHALIB
DG COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

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Research strategies undertaken follows

Research papers collected here comprise of papers regarding various subjcts

ranging from ecosystems, climate impacts, rainwater harvesting, various flora
and fauna, cultural landscapes, water shed systems etc.

The basic ideology of each research was to provide something more for the
readers other than what they know.

Each paper assessed individually as follows:

1. UNDERSTANDING THE KOLE LANDS IN INDIA

Here the researcher gives numbers on the total wetlands in the global
context and then introduces the Kole lands. She discusses the origin
and various activities that are affecting the present scenario of Kole
wetlands. Thus, giving us a display of Kole wetlands issue.

2. Rainwater Harvesting in the Water-scarce Regions of India: Potential

and Pitfalls
Here, the researcher cites water scarce areas in India and shows a
descriptive analysis of the regions. Then gives an analytical data on the
rainfall pattern. The paper then gives an interpretive approach on the
water scarcity faced in those regions. And summarises the same with a
predictive approach on the water scarcity.

3. Climate Change and Its Impact on India

This paper briefly explains the current climatic situation of the Indian
subcontinent and relates its climate to what it was years back and
concise the study on the food and resources, sea level changes etc.
concluding the paper as, climatic change due to all anthropogenic
factors and can be controlled with mitigation measures slowly.

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 4. RIVERINE BIODIVERSITY MONITORING WITH REFERENCE TO TRUE
MANGROVES IN COMPARISON WITH PREFLOOD DATA
This paper draws attention to the mangrove forest in kerala. How the
species have changed after the flood of 2018. Various flora and fauna
affected by the floods have been identified as a measure to keep in
line the deteriorating factors that can be picked out and reclaim the
various species.

5. Application of SEBAL model to estimate Evapotranspiration in Doon

Valley, India
This paper focussed on descriptive analysis of a catchment area/basin.
To calculate water catchment and other criterias for a water shed
system. Including remote sensing and sebal technology to rate
evapotranspiration in the area.
6. Ethnobotanical Medicines Used by the Kani and Kurichiyar Tribal
Communities of Kerala:
This paper offers the cataloguing of various plant species used by
tribals as medicines. Further classifying them in the chart to give an
overall system with the scientific naming, helping to identify the plants
better.
7. Monitoring Challenges in a Living Cultural Landscape River Island of
Majuli
This paper just gives us some qualitative assessment of space along
with pictures and how the landscape is culturally pleasing. This paper
aimed to show Majulis cultural landscape.
8. Urban Cultural Landscapes and Sacredscapes: the Indian Vision
This paper is rather interesting how landscapes are worshipped and
designated to the world of Gods. The paper signifies how landscapes,
natural rocks, trees etc have been part of the religious culture and in
turn forms part of the cultural landscape. Pictorial representations,
illustrations etc cover up the paper. The advent of this theory of
landscape has been analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively.
9. ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS OF KADALUNDI RIVER BASIN IN KERALA A CASE
STUDY OF KADALUNDI ESTUARY
This paper emphasis on the kadalundi river basin. The paper basically is
a model case study and offers some data to the reader and for further
research.
10. REDEFINING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS POZHUTHANA
PANCHAYAT WAYANAD DISTRICT, KERALA

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 This paper forms a part of policy making of conserving nature and
developing the area as a sustainable unit. This paper aims in defining a
clear policy on sustainable goals in the vicinity.
11. Ecology: Perspectives and Prospects for India
The present article aims to give an account of historical perspectives
and discuss the recent developments in ecology, global environmental
challenges and the concept of sustainability. The key environmental
issues and strategies and approaches for sustainable development are
discussed with special reference to India. Thus, providing an outlook on
the ecological balance while taking in research strategies for the
same.

12. Status of wetlands in India: A review of extent, ecosystem benefits,

threats and management strategies
THE PAPER IS PART OF PREPARING AN INVENTORY AS WELL AS
ENUMERATING THE ECOSYSTEM BENEFITS

13. Diversity of Ecosystem Types in India: A Review

In this article they give an overview of the vast array of broad
ecosystem types that occur in India. briefly discussing the human
impacts on the health of country’s ecosystems and the ecosystem
conservation scenario. Keeping in qualitative, quantitative and
descriptive and explorative from of research strategy.

14. An inventory of the chiropteran fauna of Himachal Pradesh, north-

western India with some ecological observations
This paper prepares an inventory of all the fauna in the Himachal
regions. Thus, giving a display of the species and various features that
contribute to these species in the area. This paper forms a part of
fauna research in the Himachal region.

15. FLORA OF KERALA FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE CAMPUSES PEECHI,

NILAMBUR AND VELUPADAM IN TRICHUR AND MALAPPURAM DISTRICTS
KERALA STATE
This paper prepares an inventory of all the flora in the Trichur and
Malappuram districts of Kerala. Thus, giving a display of the species
and various features that contribute to these species in the area. This
paper forms a part of flora research in Kerala.

16. Plural Valuation of Constructed Wetland Maintenance for

Decentralized wastewater Treatment in Rural India

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 This study is an iterative, inductive, constructivist qualitative case study
examining the maintenance process that provides agricultural irrigation
water. Mental models were indirectly elicited through semi-structured
interviews.

17. High-Resolution Holocene Environmental Changes in the Thar Desert,

Northwestern India
This paper intends to observe the geological past of environmental
changes in the past. Including critical research.

18. Long period fluctuations in monsoon floods in the Deccan peninsula

The paper demonstrates data from relative periods and observe
monsoon patterns f flood and reasons of fluctuation through analytical
methods and derive predictive forms for model assessment of the
same.

19. Landscapes of health: the Kochi case study

This paper focus on various medicinal plants that has been in run for
years from the discovery of Kerala. The report has been prepared by
questionnaires prepared for qualitative analysis between the traders,
labourers and medicinal plant estate owners and how these plants
contribute to the health of the people. Including a subjective process
of research.

20. Factors Influencing Perceptions and Use of Urban Nature: Surveys of

Park Visitors in Delhi
This study demonstrates the importance of large, well-maintained,
publicly accessible parks in a crowded city. The results can help to
better plan and design urban green spaces, responding to the needs
and preferences of urban communities. This research contributes to the
severely limited information on people’s perceptions of and
requirements from urban nature in cities of the Global South. Research
strategies include subjective surveys with models made for people’s
response.

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Cataloguing of research papers based on research strategies

SL SUBJECT RESEARCH STRATEGIES

NO
1 UNDERSTANDING THE KOLE LANDS IN INDIA BASIC RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE
DESCRIPTIVE
ANALYTICAL
2 Rainwater Harvesting in the Water-scarce QUALITATIVE
Regions of India: QUANTITATIVE
Potential and Pitfalls DESCRIPTIVE
BASIC RESEARCH
INTEPRETIVE
ANALYTICAL
PREDICTIVE
3 Climate Change and Its Impact on India BASIC RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE
ANLYTICAL
EXPLOATORY
PREDICTIVE
4 BASIC RESEARCH
RIVERINE BIODIVERSITY MONITORING WITH QUALITATIVE
REFERENCE TO TRUE MANGROVES IN DESCRIPTIVE
COMPARISON WITH PREFLOOD DATA ANALYTICAL
INTEPRETIVE
ACTION RESEARCH
PREDICTIVE

5 Application of SEBAL model to estimate BASIC RESEARCH

Evapotranspiration in Doon QUALITATIVE
Valley, India DESCRIPTIVE
ANALYTICAL
INTEPRETIVE
ACTION RESEARCH
PREDICTIVE

6 Ethnobotanical Medicines Used by QUALITATIVE

the Kani and Kurichiyar Tribal DESCRIPTIVE
Communities of Kerala ANALYTICAL
INTEPRETIVE
ACTION RESEARCH
7 Monitoring Challenges in a QUALITATIVE
Living Cultural Landscape DESCRIPTIVE
River island of Majuli
8 Urban Cultural Landscapes and Sacredscapes: BASIC RESEARCH
the QUALITATIVE
Indian Vision DESCRIPTIVE

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 ANALYTICAL
INTEPRETIVE

9 ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS OF KADALUNDI RIVER QUALITATIVE

BASIN IN KERALA A CASE STUDY OF KADALUNDI DESCRIPTIVE
ESTUARY ANALYTICAL
INTEPRETIVE

10 REDEFINING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS BASIC RESEARCH

POZHUTHANA PANCHAYAT WAYANAD DISTRICT, QUALITATIVE
KERALA DESCRIPTIVE
ANALYTICAL
INTEPRETIVE
ACTION RESEARCH
PREDICTIVE

11 Ecology: Perspectives and Prospects for India BASIC RESEARCH

Quantitative
QUALITATIVE
DESCRIPTIVE
ANALYTICAL
INTEPRETIVE

12 Status of wetlands in India: A review of extent, BASIC RESEARCH

ecosystem benefits, threats and management Quantitative
strategies QUALITATIVE
DESCRIPTIVE
ANALYTICAL
INTEPRETIVE

13 Diversity of Ecosystem Types in India: A Review BASIC RESEARCH

Quantitative
QUALITATIVE
DESCRIPTIVE
ANALYTICAL
INTEPRETIVE

14 An inventory of the chiropteran fauna of BASIC RESEARCH

Himachal Pradesh, northwestern India with some QUALITATIVE
ecological observations DESCRIPTIVE
ANALYTICAL
INTEPRETIVE
ACTION RESEARCH
PREDICTIVE

15 FLORA OF KERALA FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE QUALITATIVE

CAMPUSES PEECHI, NILAMBUR AND VELUPADAM QUANTITATIVE

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 IN TRICHUR AND MALAPPURAM DISTRICTS KERALA DESCRIPTIVE
STATE BASIC RESEARCH
INTEPRETIVE
ANALYTICAL

16 Plural Valuation of Constructed Wetland QUALITATIVE

Maintenance for Decentralized Wastewater QUANTITATIVE
Treatment in Rural India DESCRIPTIVE

17 High-Resolution Holocene Environmental QUALITATIVE

Changes in the Thar Desert, Northwestern India QUANTITATIVE
DESCRIPTIVE
ACTION RESEARCH
Critical research

18 Long period fluctuations in monsoon floods in the analytical

deccan peninsula QUANTITATIVE
DESCRIPTIVE
predictive
19 Landscapes of health: the Kochi case study QUALITATIVE
QUANTITATIVE
DESCRIPTIVE
ACTION RESEARCH
Critical research
20 Factors Influencing Perceptions and Use of Urban Nature: QUALITATIVE
Surveys of Park Visitors in Delhi QUANTITATIVE
DESCRIPTIVE
Analytical
intrepretive