Nuclear pollution

Submitted by
Nandhini. G
Introduction

Nuclear pollution, also called Radioactive

contamination, is the deposition of, or presence
of radioactive substances on surfaces or within
solids, liquids, or gases (including the human
body), where their presence is unintended or
undesirable.
What is nuclear pollution

1. One of the most important and dangerous type of pollution

Is nuclear pollution
2. Nuclear pollution is produced by Nuclear Explosion Which
are carried out For performing Nuclear tests
3. Produced by generation Of energy by nuclea fission or
Nuclear Fusion
 • What is nuclear fusion

In nuclear fusion the

heavy nucleas splits
into two nuclei and it
releases a huge
energy.
 What is nuclear fission

It is when two light

nuclei Of hydrogen Fuse
to form a helium nucleas
and they release a large
amount of energy.
How does it enter our atmosphere

1. Due to explosion about 15 to 20% of the radioactive

particlesenter in our atmosphere
2. Once they eneterd Into the air they continue to fall on the
earth after about 6 month up several years
3. Almost 5% of the radio active material entered into the
troposphere , which is the lowermost layer of the
atmosphere
 What is Radio active pollution

 The radioactive pollution is defined as the physical pollution of

air, water and the other radioactive materials
 What is radiation?
Ivisible energy waves or particles
1) Natural radiation : the natural radiation are known as the
background radiations
Eg:cosmic Rays : the cosmic rays contain highly energetic
particles which reach the surface of the earth causing pollution
2) man made Radiation :
These are the radiations
which induce the ionisation
of atoms and molecules.
Eg:alpha radiation , beta
radiation and Gamma
radiation
Causes of nuclear pollution

1. Nuclear power plant

2.Nuclear experiments
Nuclear accidents

Use of nuclear weapons

 Effects on plants

 Green plants are extremely sensitive to

gamma rays.
 Plants response varies according to age,
growth stage, plant species, chromosome
volume and level of radiation.
 Degree of damage intensity and duration
of exposure of radiation.
 Effects on animals

 It may include tumor, dry, itchy skin, hair loss

and discoloration of the skin around the tumor site.
 In addition, these particular tumors often release
a disagreeable odour as the cancerous cells die.
 More serious side effects may include some
nerve damage and either the death or hardening
(called fibrosis) of healthy tissue.
 Effects on human

 1)Skin Diseases
 2)Damage of Reproductive Organs
 3)Causes of Abnormality in Bone
Marrow
 4)Destroys Retina of Eyes
 5)Shortening of Life Span
Control and measures

 Proper maintenance of nuclear plants. 

 Preventive nuclear experiments.
  Safe Transportation.
  Ban usage of nuclear weapons.
  Proper Storage.
  Minimize use of nuclear elements.
  Extraction of radioactive elements from nuclear waste.
  Laboratory generated nuclear wastes should be disposed off safely and scientifically.
Conclusion

 Like other aspects of nuclear science, can be both destructive and

beneficial. The intelligent use of radiation for the treatment of cancer,
medical diagnosis, food preservation, and other useful applications
requires an informed public. Likewise, the solutions to the storage of
nuclear waste also necessitate public understanding of the effects of
nuclear radiation.