University of Engineering and Technology Mardan

DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING

Lab Report 15

Name: Mansoor khan

Reg. NO: 20MDTLE100
Semester: 4rd
Section: A
Batch: 3rd
Subject: A & O (lab)
Submitted to: Ma’am Humaira Rehman
Date: 05-07-2022
Lab Title:
To Understand the Operation of a Typical Timer Integrated circuit and to
understand the Monostable and astable circuit using such a device

Objective:
 To understand the operation of a typical timer integrated circuit.
 To understand the monostable and astable circuit using such a device.

Required component:
 555-IC Timer
 Resistors Capacitors
 Vcc
 Oscilloscope

Background Theory:
This report is based upon 555 Timer-IC. It is a type of integrated circuit which is
designed to be connected with resistors and capacitors to give time delay.
Depending upon the connection of external resistors and capacitors, both the
monostable and astable circuit can be achieved. 555 Timer-IC: The 555 timer IC is
a very cheap, popular and useful precision timing device which can act as either a
simple timer to generate single pulses or long time delays, or as a relaxation
oscillator producing a string of stabilized waveforms of varying duty cycles from
50 to 100%.

Monostable:
Monostable Multivibrators have only ONE stable state (hence their name:
“Mono”) and produce a single output pulse when it is triggered externally.
Monostable Multivibrators only return back to their first original and stable state
after a period of time determined by the time constant of the RC coupled circuit.

Ensure R1=100k ohm. Touch the link normally and observe the output. Estimate
the on time. Do this several times to get an average “on” time. Calculate the
theoretical value of “on” time by using the formula,
 T=1.1R1C1(sec)
Compare the practical and theoretical values.

Applications of monostable circuit:

 The monostable multivibrator is used as delay and timing circuits.
 It is also used for temporary memories.
 It is often used to trigger another pulse generator.
 It is used for regenerating old and worn out pulses.

Astable:
Astable means that the output is not stable in either the on or off state, but instead
pulses on and off continuously. The frequency (number of pulses per second) is
determined by the RC network connected to the 555 timer-IC.

Ensure R1= 47k ohm. Switch on the circuit and observe the output. Estimate the
“on” and “off” cycle time of the output. Do this several time to get an average on
time. Calculate the theoretical on off by the formula,

T1=0.7(R1+R2) C1 (sec)
T2= R2 C1 (sec)
Where on-off time is (T1+ T2). Compare the theoretical and practical values.

Applications astable circuit:

 The astable or free running multivibrator is used as a square wave frequency
generator.
 As a timing oscillator or clock of a computer system.
 It is also used for a flashing light, switching and power supply circuits.
MULTISIM CIRCUIT:

Monostable
OUTPUT:

CIRCUIT 2:
OUTPUT:

Conclusion:
 At the end of this lab we concluded that a monostable circuit with 555 timer-IC
which produces a single pulse and an astable circuit which is not stable but pulses
are on and off continuously.
*******************************************