Inheritance

- Transmission of genetic information from generation to another generation.

 Chromosomes are located in the nucleus of cells

 They are thread-like structures of DNA, carrying genetic information in the form of
genes
 A gene is a short length of DNA found on a chromosome that codes for a specific protein
 This could be a structural protein such as collagen found in skin cells, an enzyme or a
hormone
 Genes control our characteristics as they code for proteins that play important roles in what
our cells do

 
Genes are short lengths of DNA that code for a protein. They are found on chromosomes

  

 Alleles are different versions of a particular gene. The ABO gene for blood group type has
three alleles, IA, IB and IO

Diploid & Haploid Nuclei

 All humans have 23 different chromosomes in each cell
 In most body cells, not including the gametes (sex cells), we have 2 copies of each
chromosome, leading to a total of 46 chromosomes
 Nuclei with two sets of chromosomes are known as diploid nuclei
 The gametes (egg and sperm cells) only have one copy of each chromosome, meaning they
have a total of 23 chromosomes in each cell
 Nuclei with one set of unpaired chromosomes are known as haploid nuclei