Word Meaning

How to Use "i.e." 1. "i.e." is an abbreviation of the Latin words id est, which mean "that is".
Versus "e.g."
"e.g." is an abbreviation for the Latin words exempli gratia, which
mean "for the sake of example".
2. Associate each abbreviation with more easily remembered phrases. It
may be difficult to memorize Latin words, so pretending that "i.e."
stands for "in essence" or "in other words", and "e.g." stands for
"example given" can help.

Ubiquitous ever-present, everywhere, omnipresent

Perquisite Perk. A payment or profit received in addition to a regular wage or salary,
especially a benefit expected as one's due.
Sentences: Perquisites of court were rarely more than £ 1 in the middle
ages, ( fn.
It keeps up a good spirit, and is one of my own little perquisites.
Savvy Knowledge. Well informed and perceptive; shrewd: savvy Washington
insiders. n. Practical understanding or shrewdness: a banker known for
financial savvy.
Sentences:
His unique mix of experience in comedy writing, editing and
technical savvy made him a great fit for the essential co-director's
position.
Savvy marketers online have been using this tactic to profit big.
Only fairly technically savvy users would pick that up from the tips page.
The internet savvy know that the best broadband deals are not
necessarily the cheapest at first glance.
Gee says the arrangements rebecca has made with her debts suggest she
is capable of being financially savvy.
Savvy investors look again at property.
Similarly intangible format his comments about are
increasingly savvy they aren't exactly free.
Savvy travelers beat a path to the hotel de l'orient here.
Meltdown Render down, reduce, condense.
Sentence: The 'Asian meltdown ' hit global markets during the preparation
of this feature, upping the stakes in the widening risk debate.
Amicus general secretary Derek Simpson said, " british industry is
 facing meltdowndue to inflated energy costs.
In these circumstances, avoiding complete meltdown was arguably an
achievement in itself.
The biggest nuclear meltdown you've ever seen, that's what!
To stop the meltdown we must slow global warming.
Everything about her - her voice, her persona, even her clothes seems to
tremble permanently on the brink of total meltdown.

Capstone High point: something considered the highest achievement or most

important action in a series of actions.
Capstone Top point: a stone used at the top of a wall or another structure.
Capstone business policy course.
This view does, however, disprove the notion that the said farmer's
actions had caused the collapse of the 9.3 ton capstone.
Capstone of a pyramid is a remarkable sight and one i shall never forget.
Capstone module.
It consists of a flight of steps leading down to a clear spring in a stone
lined recess with a large granite capstone.
Capstone of the master 's program.
Capstone unit, bringing together the theory and practice of the previous
and current second semester course.
Capstone project integrating the two disciplines.
Pedagogy The science or profession of teaching.
Sentences:
The challenge is to develop the pedagogy for an ict-rich world.
The software was designed to support a constructivist pedagogy based on
principles of good practice.

Divulge Reveal, Disclose, Tell. Sentence: The name of an external examiner is nor
divulged to a candidate, except with the examiner’s written permission.
cliché Saying, Truism, platitude, chestnut, formula
epistemology The branch of philosophy that studies the nature of knowledge, in
particular its foundations, scope, and validity.

Epistemology is the study of knowledge. Epistemologists concern

 themselves with a number of tasks, which we might sort into two
categories.
First, we must determine the nature of knowledge; that is, what does it
mean to say that someone knows, or fails to know, something? This is a
matter of understanding what knowledge is, and how to distinguish
between cases in which someone knows something and cases in which
someone does not know something. While there is some general
agreement about some aspects of this issue, we shall see that this
question is much more difficult than one might imagine.
Second, we must determine the extent of human knowledge; that is, how
much do we, or can we, know? How can we use our reason, our senses,
the testimony of others, and other resources to acquire knowledge? Are
there limits to what we can know? For instance, are some things
unknowable? Is it possible that we do not know nearly as much as we
think we do? Should we have a legitimate worry about skepticism, the
view that we do not or cannot know anything at all?

Epistemology, the study of the nature, origin, and limits of

human knowledge. The term is derived from the
Greek epistēmē (“knowledge”) and logos (“reason”), and accordingly the
field is sometimes referred to as the theory of knowledge. Epistemology
has a long history, beginning with the ancient Greeks and continuing to
the present. Along with metaphysics, logic, and ethics, it is one of the four
main branches of philosophy, and nearly every great philosopher has
contributed to it.
Clog; unclog Clog = block; unclog = unblock.

Cognate = associated.

Nanny Caretaker, caregiver, minder, babysitter, baby-sitter, sitter, care, child-

minder
MUNIFICENT adj. 1. Very liberal in giving; generous. 2. Showing great generosity: a
munificent gift. See Synonyms at liberal. [Latin m nific ns, m ...
EQUIVOCAL subject to two or more interpretations and usually used to mislead or
confuse <an equivocal statement> b : uncertain as an ...
Grapevine Gossip, rumour
Pundits Experts, specialists, authorities, analysts
laureate Award winner. A recipient of a prize or honour for outstanding
achievement in the arts or sciences
Penthouse - an expensive and comfortable apartment on the top floor of a building
or built on the roof
Para-tariff
multinational and
transnational
marketing
Fracking

keystone A keystone is the wedge-shaped stone piece at the apex of a masonry

vault or arch, which is the final piece placed during construction and locks
all the stones into position, allowing the arch to bear weight. [1][2][3]
Although a masonry arch or vault cannot be self-supporting until the
keystone is placed, the keystone experiences the least stress of any of the
voussoirs, due to its position at the apex. [4] Old keystones can decay due
to vibration, a condition known as bald arch.
Eavesdropping Spying Prying Overhearing Snooping
Audition Interview
podcast multimedia file that can be downloaded. a multimedia file, such as a radio
program or music video, that can be downloaded from the Internet and
played on an mp3 player or similar piece of equipment. The method of
publishing files that can be used in this way is called podcasting.
BlogTalkRadio BlogTalkRadio is a web-based platform that allows podcasters and talk
show hosts to create live and on-demand talk format content for
distribution on the web and podcast distribution channels. Its claim to
fame is a web based 'studio' that allows its content creators to host multi-
participant broadcasts using a computer and a phone.[1]
CreateSpace Yuli Ziv is the founder & CEO of Style Coalition, a network of top fashion
and beauty bloggers in partnership with ELLE. Her first self-published book
in the Fashion 2.0 series Blogging Your Way to The Front Row: The
Insider's Guide to Turning Your Fashion Blog into a Profitable Business and
Launching a New Career is now available on Amazon.com. Follow her on
Twitter @yuliz.

It’s been six years since Amazon acquired CreateSpace, an on-demand

publishing platform, and almost four years since they announced the free
online setup for self-publishing. While four years seems like a long time in
our fast-paced world, self-publishing still hasn’t reached the mass
 audience. Even the biggest social media gurus still take the traditional
route, only choosing to self-publish when they've been rejected by
mainstream publishing houses.

The truth is, print-on-demand publishing is the fastest, most profitable

and easiest way to get your written thoughts out there. Today, self-
published books are even distributed to traditional outlets like Barnes &
Noble and academic libraries. Most people searching Amazon or shopping
the book shelves don’t even think to question whether the book was self-
published or printed by a publishing company. They wouldn’t ever know
unless they checked the product details.

Of course, self-publishing means you don’t get the marketing resources

that come with a traditional publishing deal, but in our world of social
media, that can be easily fixed. So if self publishing is so easy, why don’t
we see more authors using it? Most people are simply not aware of the
low barrier to entry. I didn’t even realize how easy it was to publish a
book, until I decided to write one.

After evaluating the various options, I chose CreateSpace. It met my needs

the best, but your mileage may vary, so research your options careful and
pick the service that matches best with your goals and the type of book
you plan to publish. Here is a step-by-step guide to publishing your own
book using CreateSpace:
Amazon Kindle The Amazon Kindle is a series of e-book readers designed and marketed
by Amazon.com. Amazon Kindle devices enable users to shop for,
download, browse, and read e-books, newspapers, magazines, blogs, and
other digital media via wireless networking.
equivocal Vague Ambiguous Confusing Ambivalent Oblique Unclear Shifty Evasive;
Antonyms - Unambiguous, Clear.
confirmatory Assenting Positive; antonym - Negative
Factor analysis From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

Factor analysis is a statistical method used to describe variability among

observed, correlated variables in terms of a potentially lower number of
unobserved variables called factors. For example, it is possible that
variations in four observed variables mainly reflect the variations in two
unobserved variables. Factor analysis searches for such joint variations in
response to unobserved latent variables. The observed variables are
modelled as linear combinations of the potential factors, plus "error"
terms. The information gained about the interdependencies between
observed variables can be used later to reduce the set of variables in a
 dataset. Computationally this technique is equivalent to low rank
approximation of the matrix of observed variables. Factor analysis
originated in psychometrics, and is used in behavioral sciences, social
sciences, marketing, product management, operations research, and
other applied sciences that deal with large quantities of data.

Factor analysis is related to principal component analysis (PCA), but the

two are not identical. Latent variable models, including factor analysis, use
regression modelling techniques to test hypotheses producing error
terms, while PCA is a descriptive statistical technique. [1] There has been
significant controversy in the field over the equivalence or otherwise of
the two techniques (see exploratory factor analysis versus principal
components analysis).[citation
Nexus connection connexion link tie relationship node interconnection join bond
yoke
Snippets Scraps Oddments Wastes Wastelands Inhospitable surroundings Harsh
environment

Tragedy of the The tragedy of the commons is an economics theory by Garrett Hardin,
commons according to which individuals, acting independently and rationally
according to each one's self-interest, behave contrary to the whole
group's long-term best interests by depleting some common resource.
The concept is often cited in connection with sustainable development,
meshing economic growth and environmental protection, as well as in the
debate over global warming. "Commons" can include the atmosphere,
oceans, rivers, fish stocks, national parks, the office refrigerator, and any
other shared resource. The tragedy of the commons has particular
relevance in analyzing behavior in the fields of economics, evolutionary
psychology, anthropology, game theory, politics, taxation, and sociology.
Some also see the "tragedy" as an example of emergent behavior, the
outcome of individual interactions in a complex system.
Debut Entrance, introduction, unveiling, presentation, inauguration, coming out,
first appearance, retirement (antonym).
Reticent = discreet Reticent quiet unforthcoming reserved taciturn silent
Forlorn lonely lost pitiful neglected abandoned deserted desolate
Eulogy tribute acclamation acclaim exaltation praise homage panegyric
encomium (antonynm = criticism)
Procrastination postponement deferment delay adjournment stalling putting off Antonym
= action
Bingeing a short period when somebody drinks or eats too much, especially a
period of uncontrolled drinking or eating caused by a disorder such as
alcoholism or bulimi; • a shopping binge, a short period of time when
 something is done in an unrestrained way
Agonising painful distressing worrying heart-breaking excruciating unbearable
Keystone basis bedrock underpinning grounding root source foundation base
principle cornerstone support
plurilateral ... which had a narrower group of signatories and are known as
“plurilateral agreements”. All other Tokyo Round agreements became
multilateral obligations ...
Ngwaga o mosha Happy ne year
Brick and mortar Brick and mortar in its simplest usage describes the physical presence of a
building(s) or other structure. More specifically, in the jargon of e-
commerce businesses, brick-and-mortar businesses are companies that
have a physical presence and offer face-to-face customer experiences.
This term is usually used to contrast with a transitory business or an
internet-only presence, such as an online shop, which have no physical
presence for shoppers to visit and buy from directly, though such online
businesses normally have non-public physical facilities from which they
either run business operations, and/or warehousing for mass physical
product storage and distribution.[3] Concerns such as foot traffic,
storefront visibility, and appealing interior design apply mainly to brick-
and-mortar businesses rather than online ones.
podcast multimedia file that can be downloaded. a multimedia file, such as a radio
program or music video, that can be downloaded from the Internet and
played on an mp3 player or similar piece of equipment. The method of
publishing files that can be used in this way is called podcasting.
BlogTalkRadio BlogTalkRadio is a web-based platform that allows podcasters and talk
show hosts to create live and on-demand talk format content for
distribution on the web and podcast distribution channels. Its claim to
fame is a web based 'studio' that allows its content creators to host multi-
participant broadcasts using a computer and a phone.[1]
CreateSpace Yuli Ziv is the founder & CEO of Style Coalition, a network of top fashion
and beauty bloggers in partnership with ELLE. Her first self-published book
in the Fashion 2.0 series Blogging Your Way to The Front Row: The
Insider's Guide to Turning Your Fashion Blog into a Profitable Business and
Launching a New Career is now available on Amazon.com. Follow her on
Twitter @yuliz.

It’s been six years since Amazon acquired CreateSpace, an on-demand

publishing platform, and almost four years since they announced the free
online setup for self-publishing. While four years seems like a long time in
our fast-paced world, self-publishing still hasn’t reached the mass
audience. Even the biggest social media gurus still take the traditional
route, only choosing to self-publish when they've been rejected by
mainstream publishing houses.
 The truth is, print-on-demand publishing is the fastest, most profitable
and easiest way to get your written thoughts out there. Today, self-
published books are even distributed to traditional outlets like Barnes &
Noble and academic libraries. Most people searching Amazon or shopping
the book shelves don’t even think to question whether the book was self-
published or printed by a publishing company. They wouldn’t ever know
unless they checked the product details.

Of course, self-publishing means you don’t get the marketing resources

that come with a traditional publishing deal, but in our world of social
media, that can be easily fixed. So if self publishing is so easy, why don’t
we see more authors using it? Most people are simply not aware of the
low barrier to entry. I didn’t even realize how easy it was to publish a
book, until I decided to write one.

After evaluating the various options, I chose CreateSpace. It met my needs

the best, but your mileage may vary, so research your options careful and
pick the service that matches best with your goals and the type of book
you plan to publish. Here is a step-by-step guide to publishing your own
book using CreateSpace:
Amazon Kindle The Amazon Kindle is a series of e-book readers designed and marketed
by Amazon.com. Amazon Kindle devices enable users to shop for,
download, browse, and read e-books, newspapers, magazines, blogs, and
other digital media via wireless networking.
seamless = unified all-in-one one-piece whole continuous unbroken joined seamless

nuggets Pieces Bits Chunks Hunks Wads Tidbits

solace comfort consolation support relief succor help
incarcerated Imprisoned Enslaved Confined Caged
rebuttal refutation disproof confutation denial negation contradiction (antonym =
endorsement).
infirmity illness frailty sickness weakness debility ill health
paraphernalia stuff equipment kit gear things bits and pieces trappings accouterments
odds and ends belongings supplies
Crib Cheat Copy Plagiarize Steal Borrow Pilfer
ophthalmic Ophthalmic means pertaining to the eye, and can refer to: Ophthalmology
Ophthalmic nerve Ophthalmic artery Ophthalmic veins Ophthalmic drug
administration, as with ...

Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy,

physiology and diseases of the eye An ophthalmologist is a specialist in
medical and surgical eye ...
ontology Ontology is the philosophical study of the nature of being, becoming,
 existence, or reality, as well as the basic categories of being and their
relations.
Ontology is a major branch of philosophy and a central part
of metaphysics that studies questions of being or existence. The questions
include a wide range of issues concerning being or existence such as: the
meaning of being or what it means "to be" for each of such beings as
physical entities, souls, God, values, numbers, time, space, imaginary
objects, and others; what is real existence; why something exits rather
than nothing.

The conceptual division of this branch of philosophy was established

by Aristotle. He distinguished "a science of that studies being in so far as it
is being" (Metaphysics, IV.1; 1003a21) and called it the "First
Philosophy." Thomas Aquinas (1224/1225 - 1274) further developed it
within a Christian context and the issues were continually discussed as the
central issue in philosophy by Scholastics. The term "ontology" is,
however, a modern coinage by Jacob Lorhard (Lorhardus) (1591 - 1609)
and Rudolph Göckel (Goclenius) (1547 - 1628), as a compound of "on"
(Greek ὤν, genitive ὄντος: of being (part. of εἶναι: to be)) and "-logy" or
"logos" (-λογία: science, study,theory).

Although Christian von Wolff (1679 - 1754) further developed it, ontology
was superseded by epistemology as a major concern by major modern
philosophers from Descartes to Kant. In the twentieth century, Nicolai
Hartmann, Martin Heidegger, and Neo-Thomists shed new light on
ontology and revived its popularity. In the tradition of Analytic philosophy,
questions of being are approached through linguistic analysis.

axiology
Axiology (from Greek ἀξίᾱ, axiā, "value, worth"; and -λόγος, -logos) is
the philosophical study of value. It is either the collective term
for ethics and aesthetics[1]—philosophical fields that depend crucially on
notions of worth—or the foundation for these fields, and thus similar
to value theory and meta-ethics. The term was first used by Paul Lapie, in
1902,[2] and Eduard von Hartmann, in 1908.[3][4]
Axiology studies mainly two kinds of values: ethics and aesthetics. Ethics
 investigates the concepts of "right" and "good" in individual and social
conduct. Aesthetics studies the concepts of "beauty" and
"harmony." Formal axiology, the attempt to lay out principles regarding
value with mathematical rigor, is exemplified byRobert S.
Hartman's Science of Value. Studies of both kinds are found in Cultura:
International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology.
Axiology, the science of human values, enables us to identify the internal
valuing systems that influence our perceptions, decisions and actions - to
clearly understand "why" we do what we do!
positivism Positivism is the philosophy of science that information derived from
logical and mathematical treatments and reports of sensory experience is
the exclusive source of all authoritative knowledge,[1] and that there is
valid knowledge (truth) only in this derived knowledge.[2] Verified data
received from the senses are known as empirical evidence.[1] Positivism
holds that society, like the physical world, operates according to
general laws. Introspective and intuitive knowledge is rejected, as is
metaphysics and theology. Although the positivist approach has been a
recurrent theme in the history of western thought, [3] the modern sense of
the approach was developed by the philosopher Auguste Comte in the
early 19th century.[4] Comte argued that, much as the physical world
operates according to gravity and other absolute laws, so does society. [5]
An approach to philosophy frequently found in the twentieth century.Posi
tivists usually hold that all meaningful statements must be either logicalinf
erences or sense descriptions, and they usually argue that thestatements f
ound in metaphysics, such as “Human beings are free” or“Human beings a
re not free,” are meaningless because they cannot possiblybe verified by t
he senses.
nomothetic
Nomothetic and idiographic are terms used
by Kantian philosopher Wilhelm Windelband to describe two distinct
approaches to knowledge, each one corresponding to a different
intellectual tendency, and each one corresponding to a different branch of
academe.
Nomothetic is based on what Kant described as a tendency to generalize,
and is typical for the natural sciences. It describes the effort to derive laws
that explainobjective phenomena in general.
Idiographic is based on what Kant described as a tendency to specify, and
is typical for the humanities. It describes the effort to understand the
meaning of contingent, unique, and often subjective phenomena.
phenomenology Phenomenology is the study of structures of consciousness as
experienced from the first-person point of view. The central structure of
an experience is its intentionality, its being directed toward something, as
it is an experience of or about some object. An experience is directed
toward an object by virtue of its content or meaning (which represents
the object) together with appropriate enabling conditions.
Phenomenology as a discipline is distinct from but related to other key
disciplines in philosophy, such as ontology, epistemology, logic, and
ethics. Phenomenology has been practiced in various guises for centuries,
but it came into its own in the early 20th century in the works of Husserl,
Heidegger, Sartre, Merleau-Ponty and others. Phenomenological issues of
intentionality, consciousness, qualia, and first-person perspective have
been prominent in recent philosophy of mind.
ideographic
An ideogram or ideograph (from Greek ἰδέα idéa "idea" + γράφω gráphō
"to write") is a graphic symbol that represents an idea or concept,
independent of any particular language, and specific words or phrases.
Some ideograms are comprehensible only by familiarity with prior
convention; others convey their meaning through pictorial resemblance to
a physical object, and thus may also be referred to as pictograms.

"No Dogs!" sign in Spain. The dog illustration is a pictogram. The red circle
and bar is an ideogram representing the idea of "no" or "not allowed".
Hermeneutic
Hermeneutics (/hɛrməˈnuːtɪks/ or /hɛrməˈnjuːtɪks/)[1] is the theory and
methodology of text interpretation,[2][3] especially the interpretation
of biblical texts, wisdom literature, and philosophical texts.[4][5]
Hermeneutics was initially applied to the interpretation, or exegesis,
of scripture. It emerged as a theory of human understanding in the late
eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries through the work of Friedrich
Schleiermacher and Wilhelm Dilthey.[6] Modern hermeneutics includes
both verbal and nonverbal communication as well
as semiotics, presuppositions, and preunderstandings.
The terms "hermeneutics" and "exegesis" are sometimes used
interchangeably. Hermeneutics is a wider discipline which includes
written, verbal, and nonverbal communication. Exegesis focuses primarily
upon texts.
Hermeneutic, as a singular noun, refers to some particular method of
interpretation (see, in contrast, double hermeneutic).
"Hermeneutic consistency" refers to the analysis of texts to achieve a
coherent explanation of them. "Philosophical hermeneutics" refers
primarily to the theory of knowledge initiated by Martin Heidegger and
developed by Hans-Georg Gadamer in his Truth and Method(1960). It
sometimes refers to the theories of Paul Ricœur.[7]
Axial coding
Axial coding is the disaggregation of core themes during qualitative data
analysis. Axial coding in Grounded Theory is the process of relating codes
 (categories and concepts) to each other, via a combination of inductive
and deductive thinking. The basic framework of generic relationships is
understood, according to Strauss and Corbin (1990, 1998) who propose
the use of a "coding paradigm", to include categories related to (1) the
phenomenon under study, (2) the conditions related to that phenomenon
(context conditions, intervening -structural- conditions or causal
conditions), (3) the actions and interactional strategies directed at
managing or handling the phenomenon and (4) the consequences of the
actions/interactions related to the phenomenon. As Kelle underlines, the
implicit or explicit theoretical framework necessary to identify categories
in empirical data is derived, in the procedures explicated by Strauss and
Corbin (1990), from a "general model of action rooted
in pragmatist and interactionist social theory" (Kelle, 2005, para. 16). This
model or theoretical framework underlines the importance of "analysing
and modelling action and interaction strategies of the actors" (para. 16).
Axial coding is a cornerstone of Strauss and Corbin’s (1990, 1998)
approach but is regarded by Charmaz (2006) as highly structured and
optional.
epistemological
epistemology
Ex-ante
A phrase meaning before the event
Ex post
A phrase meaning after the event
quintessential
typical archetypal prototypical model classic standard (atypical –
antonym)
Extortion
Blackmail Pressure Squeezing Force Coercion
Audacity
Boldness Daring Courage Bravery Fearlessness Courageousness
Overconfidence
Dearth
lack shortage scarcity famine deficiency absence. Antonym = glut
ampersand
and, symbol, character, and sign
logogram
logogram
Delineate
Delineate Define Outline Describe Explain Demarcate Delimit Allocate Set
 Portray Present Mark out Set down Set out
pop culture Popular culture (or pop culture) is the entirety of ideas, perspectives,
attitudes, images, and other phenomena that are within the mainstream
of a given culture, especially Western culture of the early to mid 20th
century and the emerging global mainstream of the late 20th and early
21st century. Heavily influenced by mass media, this collection of ideas
permeates the everyday lives of the society. The most common pop
culture categories are: entertainment (movies, music, TV), sports, news
(as in people/places in news), politics, fashion/clothes, technology and
slang.[1]

Popular culture is often viewed as being trivial and "dumbed down" in

order to find consensual acceptance throughout the mainstream. As a
result, it comes under heavy criticism from various non-mainstream
sources (most notably religious groups and countercultural groups) which
deem it superficial, consumerist, sensationalist, or corrupt.

History and definitions

The term "popular culture" was coined in the 19th century or earlier. [7]
Traditionally, popular culture was associated with poor education and the
lower classes, as opposed to the "official culture" and higher education of
the upper classes.

The stress in the distinction from "official culture" became more

pronounced towards the end of the 19th century, [11][need quotation to verify] a
usage that became established by the interbellum period.

From the end of World War II, following major cultural and social changes
brought by mass media innovations, the meaning of popular culture
began to overlap with those of mass culture, media culture, image
culture, consumer culture, and culture for mass consumption. [13] Social
and cultural changes in the United States were a pioneer in this with
respect to other western countries.

The abbreviated form "pop" for popular. as in pop music, dates from the
late 1950s.[14] Although terms "pop" and "popular" are in some cases used
interchangeably, and their meaning partially overlap, the term "pop" is
narrower. Pop is specific of something containing qualities of mass appeal,
while "popular" refers to what has gained popularity, regardless of its
style.

According to John Storey, there are six definitions of popular culture. [17]
 The quantitative definition of culture has the problem that much "high
culture" (e.g., television dramatizations of Jane Austen) is also "popular".
"Pop culture" is also defined as the culture that is "left over" when we
have decided what high culture is. However, many works straddle the
boundaries, e.g., Shakespeare and Charles Dickens.

A third definition equates pop culture with "mass culture" and ideas. This
is seen as a commercial culture, mass-produced for mass consumption by
mass media. From a Western European perspective, this may be
compared to American culture. [clarification needed] Alternatively, "pop culture"
can be defined as an "authentic" culture of the people, but this can be
problematic because there are many ways of defining the "people".
Storey argued that there is a political dimension to popular culture; neo-
Gramscian hegemony theory "... sees popular culture as a site of struggle
between the 'resistance' of subordinate groups in society and the forces
of 'incorporation' operating in the interests of dominant groups in
society." A postmodernist approach to popular culture would "no longer
recognize the distinction between high and popular culture".
Moment of Truth noun : 1. the moment in a bullfight at which the matador is about to
make the kill. 2. the moment at which one's character, courage, skill,
etc., is put to an extreme test; critical moment. A critical or decisive time,
at which one is put to the ultimate test, as in Now that all the bills are in,
we've come to the moment of truth—can we afford to live here or not?
This expression, a translation of the Spanish el momento de la verdad,
signifies the point in a bullfight when the matador makes the kill. It was
first used in English in Ernest Hemingway's story Death in the Afternoon
(1932).

sycophancy praise worship adoration respect high regard

Kleptocracy noun, plural kleptocracies. 1. a government or state in which those in
power exploit national resources and steal; rule by a thief or thieves.
Entreport trade If goods are imported from one country with the purpose of re-exporting
to another, it is called Entrepot trade.
bespoke tailored adapted modified personalized custom-built commissioned
customised tailor-made
morbidity illness injury disease indisposition sickness
Lethargic Sluggish Tired Weary Lacklustre Lazy Exhausted Slow
Boogeyman Boogeyman is one of those horror films that every critic hated and you
end up realizing it's not as bad as what everyone has said it was. This is an
average film with ..

hermeneutic relating to or consisting in the interpretation of texts, especially the books

 of the Bible
venerable respected esteemed revered honoured admired
metrics 1. Often, metrics. a standard for measuring or evaluating something,
especially one that uses figures or statistics: new metrics for gauging
an organization’s diversity;
2. Metrics in business are the measurements that management,
investors and shareholders use to evaluate an organization's overall
health and prospects.

ephemeral short-lived transient passing fleeting brief momentary temporary

transitory evanescent
superfluous extra surplus redundant unnecessary unneeded
Stench Disgusting odor Unpleasant smell Stink Reek Pong ANTONYM=Perfume
aspersions slanders slurs smears accusations criticisms disparagements defamations
vilifications denunciations criticisms
embossed stamped imprinted printed marked pressed
sturdy robust durable strong well-made tough secure substantial rugged hard-
wearing
encapsulates summarizes summarises condenses captures compresses sum up
PROCLIVITY Tendency Inclination Appetite Taste Bent
double up to share accommodations designed for one.
seamless Unified, all-in-one, one-piece, whole, continuous, unbroken, joined
trajectory route course flight path line arc curve trail trace track
embed implant insert entrench surround set in drive in push in
feign pretend fake simulate invent affect assume sham put on make believe act as if
Lusophone The term Lusophone is a classical compound, whereby the combining
form "Luso-" derives from the Latin term for an area roughly corresponding to
modern Portugal, called Lusitania.[1] The suffix "-phone" derives from
the Ancient Greek word φωνή (phōnē), meaning "voice". The use of the term
Lusophone mirrors similar terms, such as Anglophone for English-
speakers, Francophone for French-speakers, Hispanophone for Spanish-
speakers, and Sinophone for Chinese-speakers. The term is sometimes used
in reference to the Community of Portuguese Language Countries, similar to
the Francophonie.
Anglophone Anglophone definition, an English-speaking person, especially a native speaker of
English.
immersion im·mer·sion (ĭ-mûr′zhən, -shən) n. 1. a. The act or an instance of immersing. b.
The condition of being immersed. 2. Baptism performed by totally submerging a
person in water. 3. Astronomy The obscuring of a celestial body by another or by
the shadow of another. immersion (ɪˈmɜːʃən) n 1. (Ecclesiastical Terms) a form of
baptism in which ...
trajectory route course flight path line arc curve trail track trace
Corpus Quantity Body Amount Mass
So far, so good  You can say so far so good to express satisfaction with
the way that a situation or activity is progressing, developing,
 or happening.
 We are half finished with our project. So far, so good. The
operation is proceeding quite nicely—so far, so good.
 up to this point everything is all right
 an expression of satisfaction with progress made far

conjecture  guesswork estimation inference speculation surmise assumption

supposition


The author describes all he/she knows about a topic rather than what is relevant to the study.
This is like lecturing on the topics. For example there is no need to describe all known
philosophies of science (ontology, epistemology, axiology, rhetoric, methodology) , sampling
methods, all types of research design, all types of case studies, all sampling methods, various
data collection methods, various data analytic methods) before describing their application in
this specific study. This makes the study unwieldy.
2. Research Approach: positivism, nomothetic, qualitative, phenomenology, ideographic or
qualitative.
3. synthesis
WORD MEANING