Ray Optics & Optical Instruments, Home Work Sheet-1: Plane Mirror 1

RAY OPTICS & OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS, HOME WORK SHEET-1
Plane Mirror
1. A plane mirror makes an angle of 30° with horizontal. If a vertical ray strikes the mirror, find the angle between
mirror and reflected ray
(A) 30° (B) 45° (C) 60° (D) 90°
2. A ray of light makes an angle of 10° with the horizontal and strikes a plane
mirror which is inclined at an angle  to the horizontal. The angle a for which
the reflected ray becomes vertical is
(A) 40° (B) 30°
(C) 60° (D) 50°
3. A point source has been placed as shown in the figure. What is the length on the screen that will receive
reflected light from the mirror ?
(A) 2H (B) 3H (C) H (D) None
4. A man of height H is standing in front of a mirror, which has been fixed on the ground. What length of his
body can the man see in the mirror ? The length of the mirror is H/2. (Neglect seperation between eyes
and head of men)
H2
1
(A) H (B)
(H 2 L2 ) 2
2H 2
(C) zero (D)
L
5. A plane mirror is placed at origin parallel to y-axis, facing the positive x-axis. An object starts from (2, 0,
0) with a velocity of (2iˆ 2 ˆj ) m/s. The relative velocity of image with respect to object is along
(A) positive x-axis (B) negative x-axis (C) positive y-axis (D) negative y-aixs
6. Two bodies A and B are moving towards a plane mirror with speeds vA and vB respectively as shown in the
figure. The speed of image of A respect to the body B is
(A) vA + vB
(B) | v A vB |
 
(C) vA2 vB2
(D) vA2 vB2

7. A ray of light is incident on the plane mirror at rest The mirror starts turning at a uniform acceleration of
1
2 rad/s2 about an axis in plane of mirror . The reflected ray, at the end of s must have turned through
4
(A) 90° (B) 45° (C) 22.5° (D) 11.25°
8. A person is in a room whose ceiling and two adjacent walls are mirrors. How many images are formed
(A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 8
9. Two plane mirrors are placed as shown in the figure and a point object 'O' is placed at the origin.Find how
many images will be formed.
10. There is a point object and a plane mirror. If the mirror is moved by 2 cm away from the object find the
distance (in cm) which the image will move.
A N S W ER S
HOME WORK SHEET-1
1. (C) 2. (D) 3. (A) 4. (C) 5. (B) 6. (A) 7. (C) 8. (C)
9. 1 10. 4
Spherical Mirror
1. The distance of a real object from the pole of a concave mirror is equal to its radius of curvature. The
image must be:
(A) real (B) inverted (C) same sized (D) erect
2. In the figure shown, the image of a real object is formed at point I. AB is the principal axis of the mirror.
The mirror must be :
(A) concave & placed towards right I
(B) concave & placed towards left of I
(C) convex and placed towards right of I
(D) convex & placed towards left of I
3. A straight line joining the object point and image point is always perpendicular to the mirror
(A) if mirror is plane only (B) if mirror is concave only
(C) if mirror is convex only (D) irrespective of the type of mirror.
4. A parallel beam of light ray parallel to the X-axis is incident on a parabolic
reflecting surface x = 2by2 as shown in the figure. After reflecting it passes
through focal point F. The focal length of the reflecting surface is :
1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
8b 4b b
5. A square ABCD of side 1mm is kept at distance 15 cm infront of the

concave mirror as shown in the figure. The focal length of the mirror is
10 cm. The length of the perimeter of its image will be(nearly):
(A) 8 mm (B) 2 mm
(C) 12 mm (D) 6 mm
6. A point object is placed on the principal axis at 60 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 40
cm on the principal axis. If the object is moved with a velocity of 10 cm/s along the principal axis, then
the velocity (only magnitude) of image is
(A) 20 cm/s (B) 30 cm/s (C) 40 cm/s (D) 60 cm/s
7. Select a graph between 'v' and ù' for a concave mirror.
8. The radius of curvature of a convex spherical mirror is 1.2 m. An object of height 1.2 cm is placed in
front of mirror, if the distance between its virtual image and the mirror is 0.35 m? What is the height
(in mm) of the image?
A N S W ER S
HOME WORK SHEET-2
1. ABC 2. (B) 3. (D) 4. (A) 5. (C) 6. (C) 7. (A) 8. 5
Refraction From Plane Surface
1. When a ray of light of frequency 6×1014 Hz travels from water of refractive index 4/3 to glass of refractive
index 8/5, its
(A) frequency decreases by a factor of 5/6 (B) speed decreases by a factor of 5/6
(C) wavelength increases by a factor of 6/5 (D) speed increases by a factor of 6/5
2. A ray of light passes from vacuum into a medium of refractive index µ. If the angle of incidence is twice the
angle refraction, then the angle of incidence is
(A) cos–1(µ/2) (B) sin–1(µ/2) (C) 2 cos–1(µ/2) (D) 2sin–1(µ/2)
3. A ray R1 is incident on the plane surface of the glass slab (kept in air) of refractive index 2 at an angle of
incidence equal to the critical angle for this air glass system. The refracted ray R2 undergoes partial reflection
and refraction at the other surface. The angle between reflected ray R3 and the refracted ray R4 at that
surface is :
(A) 45° (B) 135° (C) 105° (D) 75º
4. Consider the situation shown in figure. Water (µ = 4/3) is filled in a beaker
upto a height of 10 cm. A plane mirror is fixed at a height of 5 cm from the
surface of water. Distance of image from the mirror after reflection from it
of an object 0 at the bottom of the beaker is
(A) 15 cm (B) 12.5 cm (C) 7.5 cm (D) 10 cm
5. A beam of light is converging towards a point on the screen. If a plane parallel plate of glass of refractive
index pi. and thickness t is introduced in the path of the beam, the convergent point is shifted
1 1 1 1
(A) t 1 away (B) t 1 nearer (C) t 1 away (D) t 1 nearer
µ µ µ µ
6. Locate the image of the point P as seen by the eye in the figure.
(A) 0.9 cm below P
(B) 0.8 cm above P
(C) 0.7 cm above P
(D) 0.9 cm above P
7. The critical angle of light going from medium A to medium B is . The speed of light in medium A is v. The
speed of light in medium B is:
v
(A) (B) v sin  (C) v cot  (D) v tan 
sin
8. A ray incident at a point as an angle of incidence of 60° enters a glass sphere of R.I. n = 3 and is reflected
and refracted at the farther surface of the sphere. The angle between the reflected and refracted rays at
this surface is 10 X (in degrees), then find the value of X
A N S W ER S
HOME WORK SHEET-3
1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (A) 6. (D) 7. (A) 8. 9
Refraction through curved surface
1. There is a small black dot at the centre C of a solid glass sphere of refractive index µ. When seen from
outside, the dot will appear to be located:
(A) away from C fro all values of µ (B) at C for att values of µ
(C) at C for µ = 1.5, but away from C for µ 1.5 (D) at C only for 2 µ 1.5.
2. A transparent sphere of radius R and refractive index µ is kept in air. At what distance from the surface
of the sphere should a point object be placed so as to form a real image at the same distance from the
other side of the sphere?
R R R
(A) (B) µR (C) (D)
µ µ 1 µ 1
3. In the given figure a piano-concave lens is placed on a paper on which a flower is drawn. How far above
its actual position does the flower appear to be ?
(A) 10 cm (B) 15 cm (C) 50 cm (D) none of these
4. There is a small air bubble inside a glass sphere (µ = 1.5) of radius 5 cm. The bubble is at 'O' at 7.5
cm below the surface of the glass. The sphere 4 is placed inside water (µ = 4/3 ) such that the top surface
of glass is 10 cm below the surface of water. The bubble is viewed normally from air. Then the apparent
depth of the bubble is
observer
10cm
glass
C
O
water
27 25 31 23
(A) cm (B) cm (C) cm (D) cm
2 2 2 2
5. An object is placed 10 cm away from a glass piece (n = 1.5) of length 20 cm bound by spherical surfaces
of radii of curvature 10 cm. Then the position of final image formed after two refractions at the spherical
surfaces.
(A) 50 cm left of B (B) 40 cm right of B (C) 50 cm right of B (D) 60 cm right of B

6. A concave mirror of radius 40 cm lies on a horizontal table and water is filled in it up to a height of 5.00
cm. A small dust particle floats on the water surface at a point P vertically above the point of contact
a
of the mirror with the table. The image of the dust particle as seen from a point directly above it is 8 cm.
4
Find the value of a. [Use refractive index of water is 1.33.]
A N S W ER S
HOME WORK SHEET-4
1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. (A) 5. (C) 6. 3
Lens
1. An object is placed in front of a thin convex lens of focal length 30cm and a plane mirror is placed 15
cm behind then lens. If the final image of the object coincides with the object, the distance of the object
from the lens is
(A) 60 cm (B) 30 cm (C) 15 cm (D) 25 cm
2. A 2.5 dioptre lens forms a virtual image which is 4 times the object placed perpendicularly on the principal
axis of the lens. Then the required distance of the object from the lens is
(A) 35 cm (B) 40 cm (C) 30 cm (D) 25 cm
3. From the figure shown establish a relation among, µ1, µ2, µ3.
(A) µ3 > µ2 > µ1 (B) µ3 < µ2 < µ1

(C) µ2 > µ3 ; µ3 = µ1 (D) µ2 > µ1 ; µ3 = µ2
4. The minimum distance between a real object and its real image formed by a thin convex lens of focal
length f is
(A) 4f (B) 2f (C) f (D) f/2
5. How many image are formed by the lens shown, if an object is kept on its axis-
µ1 µ2
(A) one (B) two
(C) three (D) four
6. A convex lens of focal length 10 cm is painted black at the middle portion

as shown in figure. An object is placed at a distance of 20 cm from the
lens. Then-
(A) only one image will be formed by the lens
(B) the distance between the two images formed by such a lens is 6 mm
(C) the distance between the images is 4 mm
(D) the distance between the images is 2 mm
7. A point object is kept at the first focus of a convex lens. If the lens
starts moving towards right with a constant velocity, the image will
(A) always move towards right
(B) always move towards left
(C) first move towards right & then towards left.
(D) first move towards left & then towards right.
8. A point object is placed at a distance of 15 cm from a convex lens. The image is formed on the other
side at a distance of 30 cm from the lens. When a concave lens is placed in contact with the convex
lens, the image shifts away further by 30 cm. The focal lengths of the convex lens is
(A) 10 cm (B) 15 cm (C) 20 cm (D) 25 cm
9. Two planoconvex lenses each of focal length 10 cm & refractive index 3/2 are placed as shown. In the
space left, water (R.I = 4/3) is filled. The whole arrangement is in air. The optical power of the system
is (in diopters) :
(A) 6.67 (B) – 6.67 (C) 33.3 (D) 20
10. A converging lens of focal length 15 cm and a converging mirror of focal length 20 cm are placed with
their principal axes coinciding. A point source S is placed on the principal axis at a distance of 12 cm
from the lens on the other side. It is found that the final beam of light comes out parallel to the principal
axis. The separation between the mirror and the lens is 10X (in cm) .Find X.
A N S W ER S
HOME WORK SHEET-5
1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (C) 4. (A) 5. (A) 6. (A) 7. (D)
8. (A) 9. (A) 10. 4
Prism
1. A ray of monochromatic light is incident on one refracting face of a prism of angle 75°. It passes through
the prism and is incident on the other face at the critical angle. If the refractive index of the material
of the prism is 2 , the angle of incidence on the first face of the prism is
(A) 30° (B) 45° (C) 60° (D) 0°
2. The refracting angle of a prism is A and the refractive index of the material of the prism is cot A/2. The
angle of minimum deviation is-
(A) 180° – 3A (B) 180° + 2A (C) 90° – A (D) 180° – 2A
3. A prism of refractive index 2 has refracting angle 60°. Answer the following questions
(a) In order that a ray suffers minimum deviation it should be incident at an angle :
(A) 45° (B) 90° (C) 30° (D) none
(b) Angle of minimum deviation is :
(A) 45° (B) 90° (C) 30° (D) none
(c) Angle of maximum deviation is :
(A) 45° (B) sin–1( 2 sin15°)
(C) 30° + sin–1 ( 2 sin15°) (D) none
4. A thin prism of angle 5° is placed at a distance of 10 cm from object. What is the distance of the image
from object? (Given 1,t of prism = 1.5)
5
(A) cm (B) cm (C) cm (D) cm
8 12 36 7
5. An equilateral prism deviates a ray through 40° for two angles of incidence differing by 20°. The possible
angles of incidences are:
(A) 40°, 60° (B) 50°, 40° (C) 20°, 40° (D) 60°, 80°
6. The prism shown in the figure has one side slivered. The angle of the prism is 30° and µ = 2 . What
should be angle of incidence, if the incident ray retraces its initial path-
(A) 50° (B) 45° (C) 60° (D) 75°
A N S W ER S
HOME WORK SHEET-6
1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (a)-(A), (b)-(C), (c)-(C) 4. (C) 5. (A) 6. (B)
Optical Instrument and Defect of Eye
1. A normal eye is not able to see objects closer than 25 cm because
(A) the focal length of the eye is 25 cm
(B) the distance of the retina from the eye-lens is 25 cm
(C) the eye is not able to decrease the distance between the eye-lens and the retina beyond a limit
(D) the eye is not able to decrease the focal length beyond a limit.
2. A man wearing glasses of focal length + lm cannot clearly see beyond 1 m

(A) if he is farsighted (B) if he is nearsighted
(C) if his vision is normal (D) in each of these cases.
3. To increase the angular magnification of a simple microscope, one should increase

(A) the focal length of the lens (B) the power of the lens
(C) the aperture of the lens (D) the object size.
4. The focal length of the objective of a compound microscope is f0 and its distance from the eyepiece is
L. The object is placed at a distance u from the objective. For proper working of the instrument,
(A) L < u (B) L > u (C) f0 < L < 2f0 (D) L > 2f0
5. A simple microscope is rated 5 X for a normal relaxed eye. What will be its magnifying power for a relaxed
farsighted eye whose near point is 40 cm ?
6. The eyepiece of an astronomical telescope has a focal length of 10 cm. The telescope is focused for
normal vision of distant objects when the tube length is 1.0 m. Find the focal length of the objective and
the magnifying power of the telescope.
7. A Galilean telescope is 27 cm long when focused to form an image at infinity. If the objective has a focal
length of 30 cm. what is the focal length of the eyepiece?
8. The near point and the far point of a child are at 10 cm and 100 cm. If the retina is 2.0 cm behind the
eye - lens, what is the range of the power of the eye-lens ?
A N S W ER S
HOME WORK SHEET-8
1. (D) 2. (D) 3. (B) 4. (B) 5. 8 X 6. 90 cm, 9
7. 3cm 8. + 60 D to + 51 D
EXERCISE–01 MCQ (SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT)
1. Two plane mirrors M 1 and M 2 are inclined to each other at 70°. A ray incident on the mirror M 1 at an angle
 falls on M 2 and is then reflected parallel to M 1 for
(A) =45° (B) =50° (C) =55° (D) =60°
2. A mirror is inclined at an angle of  with the horizontal. If a ray of light is incident at

an angle  as shown, then the angle made by reflected ray with the horizontal is
(A)  (B) 2
(C) (D) zero

2
3. A bird is flying with a velocity v between two long vertical plane mirrors making an
angle  with mirror M1 as shown. Then what will be the relative velocity of approach
between the images formed by the mirrors due to the 1st reflection in each of them
(A) v sin (B) 2 v sin
(C) 2(v sin L) (D) zero
4. The distance of an object from a spherical mirror is equal to the focal length of the mirror. Then the image:
(A) must be at infinity (B) may be at infinity
(C) may be at the focus (D) none
5. A concave mirror of focal length 20 cm is cut into two parts from the middle
and the two parts are moved perpendicularly by a distance 1 mm from the previous
principal axis AB. The distance between the images formed by the two parts
is :
(A) 2 mm (B) 6 mm (C) 3 mm (D) 4 mm
6. The x–z plane separates two media A and B of refractive indices µ1 = 1.5 and µ2 = 2. A ray of light travels from A
to B. Its directions in the two media are given by unit vectors u 1 aiˆ bjˆ and u 2 ciˆ djˆ . Then–
 
a 4 a 3 b 4 b 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
c 3 c 4 d 3 d 4
4
7. Consider the situation shown in figure. Water w is filled in a beaker upto
3
a height of 10 cm. A plane mirror is fixed at a height of 5 cm from the surface of
water. Distance of image from the mirror after reflection from it of an object O at
the bottom of the beaker is–

(A) 15 cm (B) 12.5 cm (C) 7.5 cm (D) 10 cm
8. A linear object of length 10 cm lies horizontally along the axis of a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm with
its nearer end lying at a distance of 18 cm from the mirror. The size of the image will be
(A) 27.7 cm (B) 32.3 cm (C) 55.4 cm (D) 57.7 cm
9. When a pin is moved along the principal axis of a small concave mirror, the image
position coincides with the object at a point 0.5 m from the mirror, refer figure. If the
mirror is placed at a depth of 0.2 m in a transparent liquid, the same phenomenon
occurs when the pin is placed 0.4 m from the mirror. The refractive index of the liquid
is :–
(A) 6/5 (B) 5/4 (C) 4/3 (D) 3/2
10. A ray R1 is incident on the plane surface of the glass slab (kept in air) of
refractive index 2 at an angle of incidence equal to the critical angle for this air
glass system. The refracted ray R2 undergoes partial reflection and refraction at the
other surface. The angle between reflected ray R3 and the refracted ray R4 at that
surface is :–
(A) 45° (B) 135° (C) 105° (D) 75°
11. Bottom face of the glass cube is silvered as shown . A ray of light is incident on
top face of the cube as shown. Find the deviation of the ray when it comes out of
the glass cube.
(A) 0 (B) 90°
(C) 180° (D) 270°
12. A ray of light travels from an optical denser medium to rarer medium . The critical angle for the two media is C. The maximum
possible deviation of the refracted light ray can be :–
(A)  – C (B) 2 C (C)  – 2 C (D) –C

2
13. A ray of light from a denser medium strike a rarer medium. The angle of reflection is r and that of refraction is
r. The reflected and refracted rays make an angle of 90° with each other. The critical angle will be:
1 1 1 1
(A) sin tan r (B) tan sin r (C) sin tan r ' (D) tan sin r '
14. An object is immersed in a fluid. In order that the object becomes invisible, it should :
(A) behave as a perfect reflection (B) absorb all light falling on it (C) have refractive index one
(D) have refractive index exactly matching with that of the surrounding fluid
15. A light ray is incident on a transparent sphere of index= 2 , at an angle of incidence = 45°. What is the deviation
of a tiny fraction of the ray , which enters the sphere , undergoes two internal reflections and then refracts out into
air ?
(A) 270° (B) 240° (C) 120° (D) 180°
16. An air bubble is inside water. The refractive index of water is 4/3. At what distance from the air bubble should a point
object be placed so as to form a real image at the same distance from the bubble :–
(A) 2R (B) 3R
(C) 4R (D) The air bubble cannot form a real image
17. A concave spherical surface of radius of curvature 10 cm, separates two medium X and Y of R.I. 4/3 and 3/2 respectively.
If the object is placed along principal axis in medium X , then :
(A) image is always real
(B) image is real if the object distance is greater than 90 cm
(C) image is always virtual
(D) image is virtual if the object distance is less than 90 cm
18. A double convex lens, made of a material of refractive index 1, is placed inside two
liquids of refractive indices 2 and 3, as shown. 2 > 1 > 3. A wide, parallel beam
of light is incident on the lens from the left. The lens will give rise to :–
(A) a single convergent beam
(B) two different convergent beams
(C) two different divergent beams
(D) a convergent and a divergent beam
19. Optic axis of a thin equiconvex lens is the x–axis. The coordinates of a point object and its image are
(–40 cm, 1 cm) and ( 50 cm, –2 cm) respectively. Lens is located at–
(A) x = + 20 cm (B) x = – 30 cm
(C) x = –10 cm (D) origin
20. A converging lens of focal length 20 cm and diameter 5 cm is cut along the line
AB. The part of the lens shown shaded in the diagram is now used to form an
image of a point P placed 30 cm away from it on the line XY which is perpendicular
to the plane of the lens. The image of P will be formed.
(A) 0.5 cm above XY (B) 1 cm below XY
(C) on XY (D) 1.5 cm below XY
21. A man observes a coin placed at the bottom of a beaker which contains two immiscible liquids of refractive indices
1.2 and 1.4 as shown inthe figure. A plane mirror is also placed on the surface of liquids. The distance of image (from
mirror) of coin in mirror as seen from medium 1.2 by an observer just above the boundary of the two media is :
(A) 18 cm (B) 12 cm (C) 9 cm (D) none of these
22. A point object O is placed at a distance of 20 cm from a convex lens of focal length 10 cm as shown in figure. At
what distance x from the lens should a concave mirror of focal length 60 cm, be placed so that final image coincides
with the object–
(A) 10 cm
(B) 15 cm
(C) 20 cm
(D) final image can never coincide with the object in the given conditions
23. Radii of curvature of a concavo-convex lens (refractive index = 1.5) are 40 cm (concave side) and 20 cm (convex side) as
shown. The convex side is silvered. The distance x on the principal axis where as object is placed so that its image is
created on the object itself, is equal to :
(A) 12 cm (B) 15 cm (C) 16 cm (D) 24 cm
24. A man wishing to get a picture of a Zebra photographed a white donkey after fitting a glass with black streaks onto
the objective of his camera.
(A) the image will look like a white donkey on the photograph
(B) the image will look like a Zebra on the photograph
(C) the image will be more intense compared to the case in which no such glass is used
(D) the image will be less intense compared to the case in which no such glass is used
25. A lens is placed between a source of light and a wall. It forms images of area A 1 and A2 on the wall, for its two different
positions. The area of the source of light is :
2
A1 A2 A1 A2
(A) A1A 2 (B) (C) 2 (D) None
2
26. In the displacement method , a convex lens is placed in between an object and a screen . If one of the
magnification is 3 and the displacement of the lens between the two positions is 24 cm, then the focal
length of the lens is :–
(A) 10 cm (B) 9 cm (C) 6 cm (D) 16/3 cm
27. A beam of light consisting of red, green and blue and is incident on a right angled prism. The refractive index of the
material of the prism for the above red, green and blue wavelengths are 1.39, 1.44 and 1.47 respectively. The prism
will–
(A) separate part of the red color from the green and blue colors
(B) separate part of the blue color from the red and green colors
45°
(C) separate all the three colors from the other two colors
(D) not separate even partially, any colors from the other two colors
28. A ray of light is incident normally on the first refracting face of the prism of refracting angle A. The ray of light comes
out at grazing emergence. If one half of the prism (shaded position) is knocked off, the same ray will :–
1 1
(A) Emerge at an angle of emergence sin sec A / 2
2
(B) Not emerge out of the prism
1 1
(C) Emerge at an angle of emergence sin se c A / 4
2
(D) None of these
29. The curve of angle of incidence versus angle of deviation shown has been plotted
for prism. The value of refractive index of the prism used is :
3 2
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) (D)
2 3
30. A beam of monochromatic light is incident at i = 50° on one face of an equilateral prism, the angle of emergence is
40°, then the angle of minimum deviation is :
(A) 30° (B) < 30° (C) < 30° (D) > 30°
E X E R CI S E – 1 ANSW ER K E Y
EXERCISE–02 MCQ (ONE OR MORE CHOICE CORRECT)
1. Two mirrors are inclined at an angle  as shown in the figure. Light ray is incident parallel
to one of the mirrors. The ray will start retracting its path after third reflection if
(A)  = 45° (B)  = 30°
(C)  = 60° (D) all three
2. A light ray I is incident on a plane mirror M. The mirror is

rotated in the direction as shown in the figure by an arrow at
frequency / rev/s. The light reflected by the mirror is received
on the wall W at a distance 10 m from the axis of rotation.
When the angle of incidence becomes 37° the speed of the spot
(a point) on the wall is :
(A) 10 m/s (B) 1000 m/s
(C) 360 m/s (D) none of these
3. There are two plane mirror with reflecting surfaces facing each other. Both the mirrors are moving with speed v away
from reach other. A point is placed between the mirrors. The velocity of the image from due to n–th reflection will
be–
(A) nv (B) 2nv (C) 3nv (D) 4nv
4. In the diagram shown, all the velocities are given with respect to earth. What is the relative
velocity of the image in mirror (1) with respect to the image in the mirror (2) ? The mirror
(1) forms an angle  with the vertical.
(A) 2v sin2 (B) 2vsin
(C) 2v/sin2 (D) None of these
5. A ray reflected successively from two plane mirrors inclined at a certain angle (< 90°) undergoes a deviation of 300°.
The number of images observable are :
(A) 10 (B) 11 (C) 12 (D) 14
6. A ray of light is incident on a concave mirror. It is parallel to the principal axis and
its height from principal axis is equal to the focal length of the mirror. The ratio of the
distance of point B to the distance of the focus from the centre of curvature is (AB is the
reflected ray)
2 3 2 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 2 3 2
7. Two thin slabs of refractive indices µ1 and µ2 are placed parallel to each other in the x–y plane. If the direction of
propagation of a ray in the two media are along the unit vectors r̂1 aiˆ bjˆ and r̂2 ciˆ djˆ then we have
ve
(A) µ1 a µ2 c
(B) µ1 (a 2 b2 ) µ2 (c 2 d2 )
(C) µ1 a / a 2 b 2 µ2 a / c 2 d2
(D) None of these
8. A ray of light strikes a cubical slab surrounded by air as shown in the figure.
Then the geometrical path length traversed by the light in the slab will be :
(A) 2 3 m (B) 2m
3 3
(C) 6m (D) 2 2 m
9. A cubical block of glass of refractive index n1 is in contact with the surface of

water of refractive index n2. A beam of light is incident on vertical face of the block
(see figure). After refraction, a total internal reflection at the base and refraction
at the opposite vertical face, the ray emerges out at an angle . The value of 
is given by–
1 1
(A) sin < n 12 n 22 (B) tan < n 12 n 22 (C) sin <
n 2
n 2 (D) tan <
n 2
n 22
1 2 1
10. A beam of diameter ‘d’ is incident on a glass hemisphere as shown. If the radius of
curvature of the hemisphere is very large in comparison to d, then the diameter of the beam
at the base of the hemisphere will be :
3 d 2
(A) d (B) d (C) (D) d
4 3 3
11. When the object is at distances u1 and u2 the images formed by the same lens are real and virtual respectively and
of the same size. Then focal length of the lens is :
1 u1 u2
(A) u1 u 2 (B) (C) u1 u 2 (D) u1 u2
2 2
12. A certain prism is found to produce a minimum deviation of 38°. It produces a deviation of 44° when the angle of
incidence is either 42° or 62°. What is the angle of incidence when it is undergoing minimum deviation ?
(A) 45° (B) 49° (C) 40° (D) 55°
13. A ray incident at an angle 53° on a prism emerges at an angle 37° as shown. If the angle
of incidence is made 50°, which of the following is a possible value of the angle of emergence?
(A) 35° (B) 42°
(C) 40° (D) 38°
14. A man of height 170 cm wants to see his complete image in a plane mirror (while standing). His eyes are at a height
of 160 cm from the ground .
(A) Minimum length of the mirror = 80 cm
(B) Minimum length of the mirror = 85 cm
(C) Bottom of the mirror should be at a height 80 cm
(D) Bottom of the mirror should be at a height 85 cm
15. Two plane mirrors at an angle such that a ray incident on a mirror undergoes a total deviation of 240° after two
reflections:
(A) the angle between the mirrors is 60°
(B) the number of images formed by this system will be 5 , if an object is placed symmetrically between
the mirrors
(C) the number of images will be 5 if an object is kept unsymmetrical between the mirrors
(D) a ray will retrace its path after 2 successive reflections, if the angle of incidence on one mirror is 60°
16. If the equation of mirror is given by y = 2/ sinx (y > 0, 0 x  1) then find
the point on which horizontal ray should be incident so that the reflected ray
become perpendicular to the incident ray
1 3 3 1 2 3
(A) , (B) , (C) , (D) (1,0)
3 3 3
17. In the fig. shown consider the first reflection at the plane mirror and second at the convex mirror. AB is object.
(A) the second image is real and inverted with magnification 1/5
(B) the second image is virtual and erect with magnification 1/5
(C) the second image moves towards the convex mirror
(D) the second image moves away from the convex mirror
18. The figure shows a ray incident on a plane boundary at an angle i = /3. The plot drawn shows the variation of |
µ1
r – i| versus µ = k (r = angle of refraction). Choose the correct alternative.
2
2
(A) The value of k1 is
3
(B) The value of 1 is /6
(C) The value of 2 is /3
(D) The value of k0 is 1
19. An object O is kept infront of a converging lens of focal length 30 cm behind

which there is a plane mirror at 15 cm from the lens.
(A) The final image is formed at 60 cm from the lens towards right of it
(B) The final image is at 60 cm from lens towards left of it
(C) The final image is real
(D) The final image is virtual
20. An object and a screen are fixed at a distance d apart. When a lens of focal length f is moved between the object
and the screen, sharp images of the object are formed on the screen for two positions of the lens. The magnifications
produced at these two positions are M1 and M2–
(A) d > 2f (B) d > 4f (C) M1M2 = 1 (D) |M1| – |M2| = 1
EXERCISE–03 MISCELLANEOUS TYPE QUESTIONS
TRUE /FALSE TYPE QUESTIONS:
1. The image and object are never on either side of focus in a spherical mirror.
2. A virtual image must be erect.
3. An image formed in a plane mirror must have same speed as the object has.
4. Laws of reflection are same for all wavelengths.
5. Plane mirror changes right handed coordinate system to left handed coordinate system and vice versa.
FILL IN THE BLANK TYPE QUESTIONS

6. A thin lens of refractive index 1.5 has a focal length of 15 cm in air. When the lens is placed in a medium of refractive
index 4/3, its focal length will become_____cm.
7. A slab of material of refractive index 2 shown in figure has a
curved surface APB of radius of curvature 10cm and a plane surface
CD. On the left of APB is air and on the right of CD is water with
refractive indices as given in the figure. An object O is placed at a
distance of 15cm from the pole P as shown. The distance of the final
image of O from P, as viewed from the left is ______.
8. A ray of light is incident normally on one of the faces of a prism of apex angle 30° and refractive index 2 . Thee
angle of deviation of the ray is ______ degrees.
9. A plano–convex lens is silvered on its plane–side and then it acts like a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm,
when the convex side is silvered it acts like a concave mirror of 7 cm focal length. The refractive index of the lens
is ______.
10. The flat bottom of cylinder tank is silvered and water (=4/3) is filled in the tank upto a height h. A small bird is
hovering at a height 3h from the bottom of the tank. When a small hole is opened near the bottom of the tank, the
water level falls at the rate of 1 cm/s. The bird will perceive that its image's velocity is ________.
M ATC H T H E COL U M N T Y P E Q U E S T I O N S
11. Plane mirrors are arranged parallel to each other as shown in column–I and the number of images formed by the
combination is in column–II.
Column I Column II
(A) (p) 2
(B) (q) 3
(C) (r) 4
30°
(D) 30°
(s) 
(t) 0
12. C o lu m n –I Colu mn–II
(A) An object is placed at a distance equal to (p) Magnification is ()
focal length from pole before convex mirror
(B) An object is placed at focus (q) Magnification is (0.5)
before a concave mirror
(C) An object is placed at the centre of curvature (r) Magnification is (1/3)
before a concave mirror.
(D) An object is placed at a distance equal to (s) Magnification is (–1)
radius of curvature before a convex mirror.
13. An object is placed at a distance x from a mirror on its optic axis. The object begins to move towards the pole of the
mirror. Let R be the radius of curvature of the mirror.
C olu m n–I C olum n– II
(A) As object approaches from x =  to x = R, the image (p) convex
approaches the pole. The mirror must be
(B) As object approaches from x = R/2 to x = 0, then the (q) concave
image approaches the pole. The mirror may be
2
R
(C) The speed of the object is u, then if mirror is concave (r) u
R 2x
the speed of the image is
2
R
(D) The speed of the object is u, then if mirror is convex (s) u
R 2x
then speed of the image is
14. Consider the situation in figure. The bottom of the pot is reflecting plane mirror, S is a small fish and T is a human
eye. Refractive index of water is . Fish can see two images of human eye, first due to refraction only and other
due to refraction and than reflection. Distance of these images from fish are S1 and S2 respectively. Human eye
can also see the two images of fish, first due to refraction only and other due to, reflection and then refraction. Distance
of these images from human eye are S3 and S4 respectively. Match the quantities of column–I (with their values in
column–II)
C olum n I C olu mn II
(A) S1 (p) 1
H 1
2
1
(B) S2 (q) H
2
3
(C) S3 (r) H 1
2
3
(D) S4 (s) H
2
15. Consider the following diagram representing magnitude of magnification against image distance for a convex
lens:
Co lu mn – I Column – II
(A) Focal length of the lens (p) Inverse of slope of line.
(B) Intercept on x–axis (q) Unity
(C) Intercept on y–axis (r) Focal length
(D) Magnitude of slope of the line(s) (s) Inverse of the focal length.
16. In Column I are shown four diagrams of real object point O, image point I and principal axis (optical axis).
Select the proper optical system from Column II which can produce the required image. (Image may be real or
virtual)
Co lu mn – I Column – II
(A) (p) Diverging lens
(B) (q) Converging lens
(C) (r) Concave mirror
(D) (s) Convex mirror
17. Four rays of light above the optic axis (parallel to it) and their path after striking an optical system are shown in column–
I. Match the corresponding optical instrument from column–II :
C olu m n–I Colu mn–II
(A) (p) Convex lens
(B) (q) Concave lens
(C) (r) Convex mirror
(D) (s) Concave mirror
18 . An object O (real) is placed at focus of an equi–biconvex lens as shown in .

figure I. The refractive index of lens is=1.5 and the radius of curvature of either surface
of lens is R. The lens is surrounded by air. In each statement of
column–I some changes are made to situation given above and information regarding
final image formed as a result is given in column–II. The distance between lens and object
is unchanged in all statements of column–I. Match the statements in column–I with
resulting image in column–II.
C olu m n–I Co lum n–II
(A) If the refractive index of the lens is doubled (p) final image is real
(that is, made 2) then
(B) If the radius of curvature is doubled (q) final image is virtual
(that is, made 2R) then
(C) If a glass slab of refractive (r) final image becomes smaller in
index  = 1.5 is size in comparison to size of image before the
introduced between the change was made
object and lens as shown then
(D) If the left side of lens is (s) final image is of same size of object.
filled with a medium of
refractive index = 1.5
as shown, then
19. A white light ray is incident on a glass prism, and it creates four refracted rays A, B, C and D. Match the refracted
rays with the colours given (1 & D are rays due to total internal reflection):
C olu m n–I (R ay ) C olu mn –II ( Colou r)
(A) A (p) red
(B) B (q) green
(C) C (r) yellow
(D) D (s) blue
20. For a prism of refracting angle A and refractive index 2. Assume rays are incident at all angles of incidence 0°
 i  90°. Ignore partial reflection.
C olu m n–I C olu mn– II
(A) A = 15° (p) All rays are reflected back
from the second surface.
(B) A = 45° (q) All rays are refracted into air from
the second surface
(C) A = 70° (r) Some rays are reflected back from
second surface
(D) A = 50° (s) Some rays are refracted into air
from the second surface
21. Column–II shows the optical phenomenon that can be associated with optical components given in column–I. Note
that column–I may have more than one matching options in column–II.
C olu m n–I Colu m n–II
(A) Convex mirror (p) Dispersion

(B) Converging lens (q) Deviation
(C) Thin prism (r) Real image of real object
(D) Glass slab (s) Virtual images of real object
ASSERTION & REASON

22. S ta te m e n t – I : Sun glasses have zero power even though their surfaces are curved.
and
S ta te m e n t – II : Both the surfaces of the sun glasses are curved in the same direction with same radii.
(A) Statement–I is true, Statement–II is true ; Statement–II is correct explanation for Statement–I.
(B) Statement–I is true, Statement–II is true ; Statement–II is NOT a correct explanation for statement–I.
(C) Statement–I is true, Statement–II is false.
(D) Statement–I is false, Statement–II is true.
23. S tate m e n t–I : The images formed by total internal reflections are much brighter than those formed by mirrors or
lenses.
and
S tatem en t– II : There is no loss of intensity in total internal reflection.
24. S tate m e n t–I : Image formed by concave lens is not always virtual.
and
S tatem en t– II : Image formed by a lens is real if the image is formed in the direction of ray of light with respect to
the lens.
COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS

C o mp re hen si on # 1
When two plane mirrors subtend an angle between them, then a ray of light incident parallel to one of them
retraces its path after n reflections such that n=c (where c is a constant)
25. What is the value of c?
3
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
2 2
26. If the angle between mirrors is 60°. Then light ray retraces its path after n reflections where n is
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) None of these
27. The graph between and n willl

(A) be continuous but not differentiable (B) be continuous & differentiable
(C) Not be continuous (D) Can't say
C o mp re hen si on # 2
A point object is placed on principal axis of a concave mirror (of focal length 15cm) at a distance u = 61 cm from
pole. A slab of thickness t = 3cm and refractive index µ = 1.5 is placed with two sides perpendicular to principal
axis, such that its nearest face is x0 cm from pole. The final image of object is to be considered after refraction by
slab, reflection by mirror and final refraction by slab.
f=15cm
object
x0
t=3cm µ=1.5
28. If x0 = 30 cm, then the distance of final image from pole is -

(A) 19 (B) 21 (C) 23 (D) 24
29. If the slab is shifted parallel to itself by 3 cm then the final image
(A) shifts towards left (B) shifts towards right
(C) may shifts towards left or right (D) does not shift
30. If x0 = 30 cm and the object is given velocity 18 m/s towards left then the speed of image at that instant is
(A) 2 m/s (B) 6 m/s (C) 9 m/s (D) 162 m/s
 Tr ue / False
1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T
 F il l in th e B la n ks
6. 60 cm, 7. 30 cm to the right P (Virtual Image) 8. 15° 4. 20/13 5. 0.5 cm/s downwards
 M atc h th e C olum n
11. (A)–s (B)–q (C)–p (D)–p 12. (A)–q (B)–p (C)–s (D)–r
13. (A)–p (B)–p,q (C)–s (D)–r 14. (A)–q (B)–s (C)–p (d)–r
15. (A)–p (B)–r (C)–q (D)–s 16. (A)–p, s (B)–q,r (C) q, (D)–q,r
17. (A)–r (B) –q (C) –p (D) –s 18. (A)–p, r(B)–q,r (C) q, r (D)–q,r
19. (A)–p (B) r (C)–q (d)–s 20. (A)–q, (B)–r,s (C)–p (D)–r, s
21. (A)–q, s (B)–p,q,r,s (C)–p,q,s (d)–s
 A s s er t io n – Rea s on Q u e st i ons
21. A 23. A 24. B
 C o mpre hens ion B as e d Q u e s io ns

C o mp re he ns io n # 1 : 25. B 26. D 27. C
C o m p r e h en s i o n # 2 : 28. B 29. D 30. A
EXERCISE–04 [A] SUBJECTIVE LEVEL-I
1. A plane mirror of circular shape with radius r= 20 cm is fixed to the ceiling. A bulb is to be placed on the axis of
the mirror. A circular area of radius R = 1m on the floor is to be illuminated after reflection of light from the mirror.
The height of the room is 3 m. What is the maximum distance from the centre of the mirror and the bulb so that
the required area is illuminated?
2. Look at the ray diagram shown, what will be the focal length of
the 1st and the 2nd lens, if the incident light ray passes without
any deviation ?
3. Two concave mirrors each of radius of curvature 40 cm are placed such
that their principal axes are parallel to each other & at a distance of 1 cm
to each other. Both the mirrors are at a distance of 100 cm to each other.
Consider first reflection at M1 and then at M2, find the coordinates of the
image thus formed. Take location of object as the origin.
4. A balloon is rising up along the axis of a concave mirror of radius of curvature 20m. A ball is dropped from the balloon
at a height 15m from the mirror when the balloon has velocity 20 m/s. Find the speed of the image of the ball formed
by concave mirror after 4 seconds ? [Take : g = 10 m/s2]
5. A fly F is sitting on a glass slab A, 45 cm thick and of refractive index
3/2. The slab covers the top of a container B containing water (Refractive
index 4/3) upto a height of 20 cm. The bottom of container is closed by a
concave mirror C of radius of curvature 40 cm. Locate the final image formed
by all refractions and reflection assuming paraxial rays.
6. A tiny air bubble inside a glass slab appears to be 6 cm deep when viewed from one side and 4 cm deep when viewed
from the other side. Assuming µglass = 3/2. Find the thickness of slab.
7. A point object is placed 33 cm from a convex mirror of curvature radius = 40 cm. A glass plate of thickness 6 cm and index
2.0 is placed between the object and mirror, close to the mirror. Find the distance of final image from the object.
8. Light from a luminous point on the lower face of a rectangular glass slab, 2 cm thick, strikes the upper face and the totally
reflected rays outline a circle of 3.2 cm radius on the lower face. Find the refractive index of the glass.
9. An object is placed exactly midway between a concave mirror of radius of curvature 40 cm and a convex mirror of radius
of curvature 30 cm. The mirrors face each other and are 50 cm apart. Find the nature and position of the image formed
by successive reflections first at the concave mirror and then at the convex mirror. Draw the ray diagram also.
10. A fish is rising up vertically inside a pond with velocity 4 cm/s and notices a bird, which is diving vertically
downward and its velocity appears to be 16 cm/s (to the fish). What is the real velocity of the diving bird, if
refractive index of water is 4/3.
11. A ray of light falls on a transparent sphere with centre at C as shown in
figure. The ray emerges from the sphere parallel to line AB. Find the
refractive index of the sphere.
12. A parallel beam of light is incident on a transparent sphere of refractive index 'n'. If the beam finally gets focussed at a
point situated at a distance = 2 × (radius of sphere) from the centre of the sphere, then find n.
13. In the figure shown L is converging lens of focal length 10 cm and M is a concave mirror of radius of curvature
20 cm. A point object O is placed in front of the lens at a distance 15 cm. AB and CD are optical axes of the lens
and mirror respectively. Find the coordinates of the final image formed by this system taking O as origin. The
distance between CD & AB is 1mm.
14. An object is kept at a distance of 16 cm from a thin lens and the image formed is real. If the object is kept at a distance
of 6 cm from the same lens the image formed is virtual. If the size of the image formed are equal, then find the focal
length of the lens ?
15. A point source of light is kept at a distance of 15 cm from a converging lens, on its optical axis. The focal length of the
lens is 10 cm and its diameter is 3 cm. A screen is placed on the other side of the lens, perpendicular to the axis of lens,
at a distance 20 cm from it. Then find the area of the illuminated part of the screen.
16. A lens placed between a candle and a screen forms a real triply magnified image of the candle on the screen. When the
lens is moved away from the candle by 0.8 m without changing the position of the candle, a real image one–third the size
of the candle is formed on the screen . Determine the focal length of the lens.
17. Consider a 'beam expander' which consists of two converging lenses of focal lengths 40
cm and 100 cm having a common optical axis. A laser beam of diameter 4 mm is incident
on the 40 cm focal length lens. Then what is the diameter of the final beam (see figure)?
18. A prism of refractive index 2 has refracting angle 60°. Find the angle of incidence so that a ray suffers minimum
deviation.
19. An equilateral prism deviates ray through 23° for two angles of incidence differing by 23°. Find µ of the prism .
23. The figure shows the path of a ray passing through an equiangular prism PQR. It is incident on face PR at an angle
slightly greater than the critical angle for total internal reflection. If the angle  shown in the figure is 30°. Calculate the
R.I. of the material of the prism.
60°
Q R
E X E R CI S E – 4 (A ) ANSW ER K E Y
1. 75cm 2. –5cm and +5cm 3. 12cm, –0.6cm
45
4. 80 m/s 5. cm below F 6. 15 cm
2
7. 42 cm 8. 1.17 9. –21.43cm
4
10. 9 cm/s 11. 3 12.
3
13. (–15cm, – 6mm) 14. 11 cm or 0.1 m behind the mirror 15. cm2
4
16. 30 cm 17. 1cm 18.45°
1/2
43 7
19. 20.
5 3
EXERCISE–04 [B] SUBJECTIVE LEVEL-II
1. Two large plane mirrors OM and ON are arranged as shown.

Find the length of the part of large screen SS’ in which two
images of the object placed at P can be seen ?
2. Two plane mirrors makes an angle of 120° with each other. The distance between the two images of a point source
formed in them is 20 cm. Determine the distance from the light source of the point where the mirrors touch, the light
source lies on the bisector of the angle formed by the mirrors.
3. A thief is running away in a car with velocity of 20 m/s. A police jeep is following him, which is sighted by thief in his
rear view mirror which is a convex mirror of focal length 10 m. He observes that the image of jeep is moving towards
him with a velocity of 1 cm/s. If the magnification of the mirror for the jeep at that time is 1/10. Find (a) actual speed
of jeep (b) rate at which magnification is changing. Assume that police jeep is on axis of the mirror.
4. A surveyor on one bank of canal observed the image of the 4 inch and 17 ft marks on a vertical staff, which is partially
immersed in the water and held against the bank directly opposite to him, coincides. If the 17ft mark and the surveyor's
eye are both 6ft above the water level, estimate the width of the canal, assuming that the refractive index of the water
is 4/3.
5. A ray is incident on a glass sphere as shown. The opposite surface of the sphere is partially silvered. If the net
deviation of the ray transmitted at the partially silvered surface is 1/3 rd of the net deviation suffered by the ray reflected
at the partially silvered surface (after emerging out of the sphere). Find the refractive index of the sphere.
6. A uniform, horizontal beam of light is incident upon a quarter cylinder of radius R = 5 cm, and has a refractive index
2 / 3 . A patch on the table for a distance 'x' from the cylinder is unilluminated. Find the value of 'x' ?
R x
7. A point object lies 30 cm above water on the axis of a convex

mirror of focal length 40 cm lying 20 cm below water surface.
Consider two images.
(i) Image formed by partial reflection from water surface

(ii) Image formed by refraction from water surface followed by
reflection from mirror and again refraction out of the water surface.
Find the distance between these two images.
8. A spider and a fly are on the surface of a glass sphere . As the fly moves on the surface, find the maximum area on the
glass sphere for the spider to be able to see it ? Assume that the radius of the sphere (R) is much larger than the sizes
of the spider and the fly . Take the refractive index of glass µg to be equal to 2 .
9. In the figure shown, find the relative speed of approach/separation of the two final images formed after the light rays
pass through the lens, at the moment when u = 30 cm. The speed of object = 4 cm/s. The two lens halves are placed
symmetrically w.r.t. the moving object.
10. Two thin similar watch glass pieces are joined together, front to front, with rear portion silvered and the combination
of glass pieces is placed at a distance a = 60 cm from a screen. A point object is placed on optical axis of the
combination such that its two times magnified image is formed on the screen. If air between the glass pieces is replaced
by water (µ = 4/3), calculate the distance through which the object must be displaced so that a sharp image is again
formed on the screen.
E X E R CI S E – 4 (B ) ANSW ER K E Y
2 20
1. m 2. cm 3. (a) 21 m/s (b) 10–3 m/s 4. 16 feet
3 3
5. 3 6. 5m 7. (ii) 3 cm 8. 2R2
8
9. cm/s 10. 15cm towards the combination
5
EXERCISE–05(A) RECAP OF AIEEE/JEE (MAIN)
1. If two mirrors are kept at 60° to each other, then the number of images formed by them is- [ AI E E E - 2 0 0 2 ]
(1) 5 (2) 6 (3) 7 (4) 8
2. Wavelength of light used in a optical instrument are 1 = 4000 Å and 2 = 5000 Å, then ratio of their respective
resolving powers (corresponding to 1 and 2) is- [ AI E E E - 2 0 0 2 ]
(1) 16 : 25 (2) 9 : 1 (3) 4 : 5 (4) 5 : 4
3. Which of the following is used in optical fibres? [ AI E E E - 2 0 0 2 ]

(1) Total internal reflection (2) Scattering (3) Diffraction (4) Refraction
4. An astronomical telescope has a large aperture to [ AI E E E - 2 0 0 2 ]

(1) reduced spherical aberration (2) have high resolution
(3) increase span of observation (4) have low dispersion
5. The image formed by an objective of a compound microscope is [ AI E E E - 2 0 0 3 ]

(1) virtual and diminished (2) real and diminished
(3) real and enlarged (4) virtual and enlarged
6. To get three images of a single object, one should have two plane mirrors at an angle of- [ AI E E E - 2 0 0 3 ]
(1) 60° (2) 90° (3) 120° (4) 30°
7. A light ray is incident perpendicular to one face of a 90° prism and is totally internally reflected at the glass-air
interface. If the angle of reflection is 45°, we conclude that the refractive index n : [ AI E E E -2 0 0 4 ]
45°
45°
1 1
(1) n < (2) n > 2 (3) n > (4) n < 2
2 2
8. A plano-convex lens of refractive index 1.5 and radius of curvature 30 cm is silvered at the curved surface. Now,
this lens has been used to form the image of an object. At what distance from this lens, an object be placed in
order to have a real image of the size of the object? [AIEEE-2004]
(1) 20 cm (2) 30 cm (3) 60 cm (4) 80 cm
9. A fish looking up through the water sees the outside world, contained in a circular horizon. If the refractive index
4
of water is and the fish is 12 cm below the water surface, the radius of this circle in cm is
3
[AIEEE-2005]
36
(1) 36 7 (2) (3) 36 5 (4) 4 5
7
10. Two point white dots are 1 mm apart on a black paper. They are viewed by eye of pupil diameter 3 mm. Approximately,
what is the maximum distance at which these dots can be resolved by the eye ?
[Take wavelength of light = 500 nm] [AIEEE-2005]
(1) 5 m (2) 1 m (3) 6 m (4) 3 m
11. A thin glass (refractive index 1.5) lens has optical power of – 5D in air. Its optical power in a liquid medium with
refractive index 1.6 will be [AIEEE-2005]
(1) 1 D (2) – 1D (3) 25 D (4) – 25 D
12. The refractive index of glass is 1.520 for red light and 1.525 for blue light. Let D1 and D2 be angles of minimum
deviation for red and blue light respectively in a prism of this glass. Then- [AIEEE-2006]
(1) D1 < D2 (2) D1 = D2
(3) D1 can be less than or greater than D2 depending upon the angle of prism
(4) D1 > D2
13. Two lenses of power – 15D and +5D are in contact with each other. The focal length of the combination is-
[AIEEE-2007]
(1) – 20 cm (2) – 10 cm (3) + 20 cm (4) + 10 cm
14. A stuydent measures the focal length of a convex lens by putting an object pin at a distance ‘u’ from the lens and
measuring the distance ‘v’ of the image pin. The graph between ‘u’ and ‘v’ plotted by the student should look like-
[A IE E E - 20 0 8 ]
v(cm) v(cm) v(cm) v(cm)
(1) (2) (3) (4)

O u(cm) O u(cm) O u(cm) O u(cm)
2
15. A transparent solid cyclindrical rod has a refractive index of . It is surrounded by air. A light ray is incident at the mid-
3
point of one end of the rod as shown in the figure. [AIEEE - 2 009]
The incident angle  for which the light ray grazes along the wall of the rod is :-
 2   1  1   3
(1) sin–1   (2) sin–1   (3) sin–1   (4) sin–1  2 
 3  3 2   
16. Let the x–y plane be the boundary between two transparent media. Medium 1 in z 0 has a refractive index of
and medium 2 with z < 0 has a refractive index of . A ray of light in medium 1 given by the vector
A 6 3î 8 3 ˆj 10kˆ is incident on the plane of separation. The angle of refraction in medium 2 is :-

[ AI E E E - 2 0 1 1 ]
(1) 60° (2) 75° (3) 30° (4) 45°
17. A car is fitted with a convex side-view mirror of focal length 20 cm. A second car 2.8 m behind the first car is overtaking
the first car at a relative speed of 15 m/s. The speed of the image of the second car as seen in the mirror of the first
one is:- [ AI E E E - 2 0 1 1 ]
1 1
(1) 10 m/s (2) 15 m/s m/s(3) (4) m/s
10 15
18. When monochromatic red light is used instead of blue light in a convex lens, its focal length will :-
[ AI E E E - 2 0 1 1 ]
(1) Does not depend on colour of light (2) Increase
(3) Decrease (4) Remain same
19. A beaker contains water up to a height h1 and kerosene of height h2 above watger so that the total height of (water
+ kerosene) is (h1 + h2). Refractive index of water is µ1 and that of kerosene is µ2. The apparent shift in the position
of the bottom of the beaker when viewed from above is :- [ AI E E E - 2 0 1 1 ]
1 1 1 1
(1) 1 h2 1 h1 (2) 1 h1 1 h2
µ1 µ2 µ1 µ2
1 1 1 1
(3) 1 h1 1 h2 (4) 1 h2 1 h1
µ1 µ2 µ1 µ2
20. An object 2.4 m in front of a lens forms a sharp image on a film 12 cm behind the lens. A glass plate 1 cm thick, of
refractive index 1.50 is interposed between lens and film with its plane faces parallel to film. At what distance (from
lens) should object be shifted to be in sharp focus on film ? [ AI E E E - 2 0 1 2 ]
(1)5.6 m (2) 7.2 m (3) 2.4 m (4) 3.2 m
21. The graph between angle of deviation () and angle of incidence (i) for a triangular prism is represented by
[ JE E M a in s - 2 0 13 ]
(1) (2) (3) (4)
22. Diameter of a plano-convex lens is 6cm and thickness at the centre is 3 mm. If speed of light in material of lens is
2 × 108 m/s, the focal length of the lens is : [ JE E M a in s – 2 0 13 ]
(1) 15 cm (2) 20 cm (3) 30 cm (4) 10 cm
3
23. A thin convex lens made from crown glass µ has focal length ƒ. When it is measured in two different liquids
2
4 5
having refractive indices and , it has the focal length ƒ1 and ƒ2 respectively. The correct relation between the focal
3 3
lengths is : [ JE E -M a in - 2 0 1 4 ]
(1) ƒ1 = ƒ2 < ƒ (2) ƒ1 > ƒ and ƒ2 become negative
(3) ƒ2 > ƒ and ƒ1 becomes negative (4) ƒ1 and ƒ2 both become negative
24. Monochromatic light is incident on a glass prism of angle A. If the refractive index of the material of the prism is µ, a ray,
incident at an angle , on the face AB would get transmitted through the face AC of the prism provided :
[ JE E -M a in - 2 0 1 5 ]
1 1 1 1 1 1
(1) sin µ sin A sin (2) sin µ sin A sin
µ µ
1 1 1 1 1 1
(3) cos µ sin A sin (4) cos µ sin A sin
µ µ
25. Assuming human pupil to have a radius of 0.25 cm and a comfortable viewing distance of 25 cm, the minimum
separation between two objects that human eye can resolve at 500 nm wavelength is [ JE E -M a in - 2 0 1 5 ]
(1) 1 µm (2) 30 µm (3) 100 µm (4) 300 µm
26. An observer looks at a distant tree of height 10 m with a telescope of magnifying power of 20. To the observer the tree
appears : [ JE E -M a in - 2 0 1 6 ]
(1) 20 times nearer (2) 10 times taller (3) 10 times nearer (4) 20 times taller
27. In an experiment for determination of refractive index of glass of a prism by i – , plot, it was found that a ray incident
at angle 35°, suffers a deviation of 40° and that it emerges at angle 79°. In that case which of the following is closest
to the maximum possible value of the refractive index? [ JE E -M a in - 2 0 1 6 ]
(1) 1.5 (2) 1.6 (3) 1.7 (4) 1.8
28. A diverging lens with magnitude of focal length 25 cm is placed at a distance of 15 cm from a converging lens of
magnitude of focal length 20 cm. A beam of parallel light falls on the diverging lens. The final image formed is :
[ JE E -M a in - 2 0 1 7 ]
(1) real and at a distance of 40 cm from the divergent lens
(2) real and at a distance of 6 cm from the convergent lens
(3) real and at a distance of 40 cm from convergent lens
(4) virtual and at a distance of 40 cm from convergent lens.
E X E R CI S E – 5 (A ) ANSW ER K E Y
EXERCISE–05(B) RECAP OF IIT-JEE/JEE (ADVANCED)
MCQs One Correct Answer

1. A point object is placed at distance of 20cm from a thin plano–convex lens of focal length 15cm. The plane surface
of the lens is now silvered. The image created by the system is at :– [ II T -J E E 2 0 06 ]
(A) 60cm to the left of the system
(B) 60cm to the right of the system
(C) 12cm to the left of the system
(D) 12cm to the right of the system
2. A biconvex lens of focal length f forms a circular image of radius r of sun in focal plane. Then which option is correct?
[ II T -J E E 2 0 06 ]
(A) r2  f
(B) r2  f2
(C) if lower half part is covered by black sheet, then area of the image is equal to r2/2
(D) if f is doubled, intensity will increase
3. A ray of light travelling in water is incident on its surface open to air. The angle of incidence is , which is less than
the critical angle. Then there will be :– [ II T -J E E 2 0 07 ]
(A) only a reflected ray and no refracted ray
(B) only a refracted ray and no reflected ray
(C) a reflected ray and a refracted ray and the angle between them would be less than 180°–2
(D) a reflected ray and a refracted ray and the angle between them would be greater than 180°– 2
4. In an experiment to determine the focal length (f) of a concave mirror by the u–v method, a student placed the object
pin A on the principal axis at a distance x from the pole P. The student looks at the pin and its inverted image from
a distance keeping his/her eye in line with PA. When the student shift his/her eye towards left, the image appears
to the right of the object pin. Then– [ II T -J E E 2 0 07 ]
(A) x < f (B) f < x < 2f (C) x = 2f (D) x > 2f
5. Two beams of red and violet colours are made to pass separately through a prism (angle of the prism is 60°). In
the position of minimum deviation, the angle of refraction will be :– [ II T -J E E 2 0 08 ]
(A) 30° for both the colours (B) greater for the violet colour
(C) greater for the red colour (D) equal but not 30° for both the colours
6. A light beam is traveling from Region I to Region IV

(Refer figure). The refractive index in Regions I,II,III and IV Region I Region II Region III Region IV
n0 n0 n n0 n0 n0
are n 0 , , and 0 , respectively. The angle of 2 6 8
2 6 8 n0
incidence  for which the beam just misses entering Region 0 0.2m 0.6m
IV is [ I IT - J E E 2 0 0 8 ]
3 1 1 1
(A) sin–1 (B) sin–1 (C) sin–1 (D) sin–1
4 8 4 3
7. A ball is dropped from a height of 20 m above the surface of water in a lake. The refractive index of water is
4/3. A fish inside the lake, in the line of fall of the ball, is looking at the ball. At an instant, when the ball is 12.8 m above
the water surface, the fish sees the speed of ball as [ Take g = 10 m/s 2.] [ II T -J E E 2 0 0 9 ]
(A) 9 m/s (B) 12 m/s (C) 16 m/s (D) 21.33 m/s
8. A biconvex lens of focal length 15 cm is in front of a plane mirror. The distance between the lens and the mirror is 10
cm. A small object is kept at a distance of 30 cm from the lens. The final image is [IIT-J E E 2 0 1 0]
(A) virtual and at a distance of 16 cm from the mirror
(B) real and at a distance of 16 cm from the mirror
(C) virtual and at a distance of 20 cm from the mirror
(D) real and at a distance of 20 cm from the mirror
1 ˆ
9. A ray of light travelling in the direction i 3ˆj is incident on a plane mirror. After reflection, it travels along
2
1 ˆ
the direction i 3 ˆj . The angle of incidence is :- [ JE E A d v a n c e d 2 0 13 ]
2
(A) 30° (B) 45° (C) 60° (D) 75°
10. The image of an object, formed by a plano-convex lens at a distance of 8 m behind the lens, is real and is one-
2
third the size of the object. The wavelength of light inside the lens is times the wavelength in free space. Thee
3
radius of the curved surface of the lens is :- [ JE E A d v a n c e d 2 0 13 ]
(A) 1 m (B) 2 m (C) 3 m (D) 6 m
11. A right angled prism of refractive index µ1 is placed

in a rectangular block of refractive index µ2, which f
is surrounded by a medium of refractive index µ3,
as shown in the figure. A ray of light 'e' enters the 45°
e g
rectangular block at normal incidence. Depending
upon the relationships between µ1, µ2, and µ3, it µ1 h
takes one of the four possible paths 'ef', 'eg', 'eh'
i
or 'ei'.
Match the paths in List I with conditions of refractive
µ2 µ3
indices in List II and select the correct answer using
the codes given below the lists :
L ist I L ist II [ JE E A d v a n c e d 2 0 13 ]
P. e  f 1.   
Q. e  g 2. µ2 > µ1 and µ2 > µ3
R. e  h 3. µ1 = µ2
S. e  i 4.     and µ2 > µ3
Codes :
P Q R S
(A) 2 3 1 4
(B) 1 2 4 3
(C) 4 1 2 3
(D) 2 3 4 1
12. Four combinations of two thin lenses are given in List-I. The radius of curvature of all curved surfaces is r and the
refractive index of all the lenses is 1.5. Match lens combinations in List-I with their focal length in List-II and select the
correct answer using the code given below the lists. [JEE-Advance-2014]
L i st I L i st II
P. 1. 2r
Q. 2. r/2
R. 3. –r
S. 4. 4
Code :
(A) P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4 (B) P-2, Q-4, R-3, S-1 (C) P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3 (D) P-2, Q-1, R-3, S-4
13. A point source S is placed at the bottom of a transparent block of height 10 mm and refractive index 2.72. It is
immersed in a lower refractive index liquid as shown in the figure. It is found that the light emerging from the block to
the liquid forms a circular bright spot of diameter 11.54 mm on the top of the block. The refractive index of the liquid
is :- [JEE-Advance-2014]
(A) 1.21 (B) 1.30 (C) 1.36 (D) 1.42

14. Two identical glass rods S1 and S2 (refractive index = 1.5) have one convex end of radius of curvature 10 cm. They are
placed with the curved surfaces at a distance d as shown in the figure, with their axes (shown by the dashded line)
aligned. When a point source of light P is placed inside rod S1 on its axis at a distance of 50 cm from the curved face,
the light rays emanating from it are found to be parallel to the axis inside S2. The distance d is : [JEE-Advance-2015]
(A) 60 cm (B) 70 cm (C) 80 cm (D) 90 cm
15. A parallel beam of light is incident from air at an angle  on the side PQ of a right angled triangular prism of refractive
index n = 2 . Light undergoes total internal reflection in the prism at the face PR when  has a minimum value of 45°.
The angle  of the prism is : [JEE-Advance-2016]
(A) 15° (B) 22.5° (C) 30° (D) 45°

16. A small object is placed 50 cm to the left of thin convex lens of focal length 30 cm. A convex spherical mirror of radius
of curvature 100 cm is placed to the right of the lens at a distance of 50 cm. The mirror is tilted such that the axis of
the mirror is at an angle ƒá = 30° to the axis of the lens, as shown in the figure.
If the origin of the coordinate system is taken to be at the centre of the lens, the coordinates (in cm) of the point (x, y)
at which the image is formed are : [ JE E - Ad v an c e - 2 0 1 6 ]
(A) (25, 25 3) (B) (125 / 3, 25 3) (C) (50 25 3, 25) (D) (0, 0)

M C Q' s with O ne o r M or e th an O n e C or re ct A n sw er
17. A transparent thin film of uniform thickness and refractive index n1 = 1.4 is coated on the convex spherical surface
of radius R at one end of a long solid glass cylinder of refractive index n2 = 1.5, as shown in the figure. Rays of
light parallel to the axis of the cylinder traversing through the film from air to glass get focused at distance f1 from
the film, while rays of light traversing from glass to air get focused at distance f2 from the film. Then
[JEE-Advance-2014]
(A) |f1| = 3R (B) |f1| = 2.8 R (C) |f2| = 2R (D) |f2| = 1.4 R
18. A transparent slab of thickness d has a refractive index n(z) that increases with z. Here z is the vertical distance
inside the slab, measured from the top. The slab is placed between two media with uniform refractive indices n1
and n2 (> n1), as shown in the figure. A ray of light is incident with angle 1 from medium 1 and emerges in medium
2 with refraction angle  with a lateral displacement l. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true ?
[JEE-Advance-2016]
(A) l is independent of n2 (B) l is dependent on n(z)

(C) n1sin 1 = (n2 – n1) sin f (D) n1sin = n2sinf
19. A plano-convex lens is made of a material of refractive index n. When a small object is placed 30 cm away in front
of the curved surface of the lens, an image of double the size of the object is produced. Due to reflection from the
convex surface of the lens, another faint image is observed at a distance of 10 cm away from the lens. Which of
the following statement(s) is(are) true? [JEE-Advance-2016]
(A) The refractive index of the lens is 2.5
(B) The radius of curvature of the convex surface is 45 cm
(C) The faint image is erect and real
(D) The focal length of the lens is 20 cm.
20. For an isosceles prism of angle A and refractive index µ, it is found that the angle of minimum deviation m = A.
Which of the following options is/are correct ? [JEE-Advance-2017]
(A) At minimum deviation, the incident angle i1 and the refracting angle r1 at the first refracting surface are related by r1
= (i1/2)
1 µ
(B) For this prism, the refractive index ¼ and the angle of prism A are related as A = cos 1
2 2
(C) For this prism, the emergent ray at the second surface will be tangential to the surface when the angle of incidence
A
at the first surface is i1 sin 1 sin A 4 cos 2 1 cos A
2
(D) For the angle of incidence i1 = A, the ray inside the prism is parallel to the base of the prism.
MATCH THE COLU MNS
21. An optical component and an object S placed along its optic axis are given in Column I. The distance between
the object and the component can be varied. The properties of images are given in Column II. Match all the properties
of images from Column II with the appropriate components given in Column I. Indicate your answer by darkening
the appropriate bubbles of the 4 × 4 matrix given in the ORS. [ II T -J E E 2 0 08 ]
C olum n I C olu m n II
(A) (p) Real image
(B) (q) Virtual image
(C) (r) Magnified image
(D) (s) Image at infinity

22. Simple telescope used to vies distant objects has eyepiece and objective lens of focal lengths f e and f0, respecitively. Then
[ II T -J E E 2 0 0 6 ]
Column I Column II
(A) Intensity of light received by lens (p) Radius of aperture (R)
(B) Angular magnification (q) Dipersion of lens
(C) Length of telescope (r) Focal length f0, fe
(D) Sharpness of image (s) spherical aberration
23. Two transparent media of refractive indices 1 and 3 have a solid lens shaped transparent material of refractive index 2
between them as shown in figures in Column II. A ray traversing these media is also shown in the figures. In Column
I different relationships between 1, 2 and 3 are given. Match them to the ray diagrams shown in Column II.
[ II T -J E E 2 0 1 0 ]
Column I Column II
(A) 1 < 2 (p)
(B) 1 > 2 (q)
(C) 2 =3 (r)
(D) 2 > 3 (s)
(t)
ASS ERTION & REA SON

T h is q u e st i on co ntai n s, statem e nt I (asse r t ion ) a n d statem en t I I (reas on ).
24. Statement–I : The formula connecting u, v and f for a spherical mirror is valid only for mirrors whose sizes are
very small compared to their radii of curvature. [ II T -J E E 2 0 07 ]
Be c au se :
S tatem e nt–II : L aws of reflection are strictly valid for plane sur face s, but not for large spherical
surfaces.
(A) statement–I is true, statement–II is true ; statement–II is a correct explanation for statement–I
(B) statement–I is true, statement–II is true ; statement–II is NOT a correct explanation for
statement–I
(C) statement–I is true, statement–II is false
(D) statement–I is false, statement–II is true
C omprehension Based Que st ions
C om p r e he n si o n- 1 [JEE (Adv.2015]
Light guidance in an optical fiber can be understood by considering a structure comprising of thin solid glass cylinder of
refractive index n1 surrounded by a medium of lower refractive index n2. The light guidance in the structure takes place
due to successive total internal reflections at the interface of the media n1 and n2 as shown in the figure. All rays with
the angle of incidence i less than a particular value of im are confined in the medium of refractive index n1. The numerical
aperture (NA) of the structure is defined as sin im.
25. For two structures namely S1 with n1 = 45 / 4 and n2 = 3/2, and S2 with n1 = 8/5 and n2 = 7/5 and taking thee
refractive index of water to be 4/3 and that of air to be 1, the correct option(s) is (are)
16
(A) NA of S1 immersed in water is the same as that of S2 immersed in liquid of refractive index
3 15
6
(B) NA of S1 immersed in liquid of refractive index is the same as that of S2 immersed in water..
15
4
(C) NA of S1 placed in air is the same as that of S2 immersed in liquid of refractive index
15
(D) NA of S1 placed in air is the same as that of S2 placed in water.
26. If two structures of same cross-sectional area, but different numerical apertures NA1 and NA2 (NA2 < NA1) are joined
longitudinally, the numerical aperture of the combined structure is
NA1 NA2
(A) NA NA (B) NA1 + NA2 (C) NA1 (D) NA2
1 2
Integer Questions
27. The focal length of a thin biconvex lens is 20 cm. When an object is moved from a distance of 25 cm in front of it to 50
m 25
cm, the magnification of its image changes from m25 to m50. The ratio m is [ II T -J E E 2 0 1 0 ]
50
28. Image of an object approaching a convex mirror of radius of curvature 20 m along its optical axis is observed to move
25 50
from m to m in 30 seconds. What is the speed of the object in km per hour? [ II T -J E E 2 0 1 0 ]
3 7
29. Consider a concave mirror and a convex lens (refractive index = 1.5) of focal length 10 cm each, separated by a
distance of 50 cm in air (refractive index = 1) as shown in the figure. An object is placed at a distance of 15 cm
from the mirror. Its erect image formed by this combination has magnification M1. When the set-up is kept in a
M2
medium of refractive index 7/6 the magnification becomes M2. The magnitude M is [JEE-Advance-2015]
1
30. A monochromatic beam of light is incident at 60° on one face of an equilateral prism of refractive index n and
emerges from the opposite face making an angle (n) with the normal (see the figure). For n = 3 the value of
d
 is 60° and = m.The value of m is [JEE-Advance-2015]
dn
31. A monochromatic light is travelling in a medium of refractive index n = 1.6. It enters a stack of glass layers from
the bottom side at an angle  = 30°. The interfaces of the glass layers are parallel to each other. The refractive
indices of different glass layers are monotonically decreasing as nm = n – mn, where nm is the refractive index
of the mth slab and n = 0.1 (see the figure). The ray is refracted out parallel to the interface between the (m –
1)th and mth slabs from the right side of the stack. What is the value of m ? [JEE-Advance-2017]
32. Sunlight of intensity 1.3 kW m–2 is incident normally on a thin convex lens of focal length 20 cm. Ignore the energy loss
of light due to the lens and assume that the lens aperture size is much smaller than its focal length. The average
intensity of light, in kW m–2, at a distance 22 cm from the lens on the other side is _____. [JEE-Advance-2018]
33. A wire is bent in the shape of a right angled triangle and is placed in front of a concave mirror of focal length f, as shown
in the figure. Which of the figures shown in the four options qualitatively represent(s) the shape of the image of the bent
wire ? (These figures are not to scale.) ? [JEE-Advance-2018]
E X E R CI S E – 5 (B ) ANSW ER K E Y
 M CQ 's O ne correct answers
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A
10. C 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. A
 M CQ 's with one or more than one co rrect answe r

17. A,C 18. A,B,D 19. A,D 20. A,C,D
 M atc h th e C olum n 21. (A) –p,q,r,s (B) –q, (C) –p,q,r,s (D) –p,q,r,s
22. (A) –p, (B) –r, (C) –r, (D) –pqs
23. (A) –pr, (B) –qst, (C) –prt, (D) –qs
 A s s er t io n – Rea s on Q u e st i ons 24. C
 C om pr eh en sion - 1 25. AC 26. D
 Integer t yp e 27. 6 28. 3 29. 7 30. 2 31. 8
32. 130 [129.95, 130.05] 33. D

EXERCISE–6 REVIEW EXERCISE For yearlong revision
TRUE /FALSE TYPE QUESTIONS:

1. A parallel beam of white light falls on a combination of a concave and a convexl lens, both of the same malerial. Their
focal lengths are 15 cm and 30 cm respectively for the mean wavelength in while light. On the other side of the lens
system, one sees coloured patterns with violet colour at the outer edge. [IIT JEE 1988]
FILL IN THE BLANKS
2. Two thin lenes, when in contact, produce a combination of power +10D. When they are 0.25m apart, the power
reduces to +6D. The focal length of the lenses are ........... m and ............m [IIT JEE 1997]
3. The resolving power of an electron microscope is higher than that of an optical micoscope because the wavelength
of electrons is ............ than the wavelength of visible light. [IIT JEE 1992]
4. A thin rod of length (f/3) is placed along the optical axis of a concave mirror of focal length f such that its image which
is real and elongated just touches the rod. The magnification is ........... [IIT JEE 1991]
5. A slab of material of refractive index 2 shown in figure has a

curved surface APB of radius of curvature 10cm and a plane surface
CD. On the left of APB is air and on the right of CD is water with
refractive indices as given in the figure. An object O is placed at a
distance of 15cm from the pole P as shown. The distance of the final
image of O from P, as viewed from the left is ______.
6. A thin lens of refractive index 1.5 has a focal length of 15 cm in air. When the lens is placed in a medium of refractive
index 4/3, its focal length will become_____cm. [IIT JEE 1987]
7. A convex lens A of focal length 20 cm and a concave lens B of focal length 5 cm are kept along the same axis with
a distance d between them. If a parallel beam of light falling on A leaves B as a parallel beam, then d is equal to .....
cm. [IIT JEE 1985]
SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT
8. A ray of light falls on a transparent glass slab with refractive index (relative to air) of 1.62. The angle of incidencefor
which the reflected and refracted rays are mutually perpendicular is :
(A) tan–1 (1.62) (B) sin–1 (1.62) (C) cos–1 (1.62) (D) none of these
9. The maximum refractive index of a material, of a prism of apex angle 90º, for which light may be transmitted is :
(A) 3 (B) 1.5 (C) 2 (D) none of these
10. Two mirrors labelled L1 for left mirror and L2 for right mirror in the figure are
parallel to each other and 3.0 m apart . A person standing 1.0 m from the right mirror
(L2) looks into this mirror and sees a series of images. The second nearest image seen
in the right mirror is situated at a distance :
(A) 2.0 m from the person (B) 4.0 m from the person
(C) 6.0 m from the person (D) 8.0 m from the person
11. A ray of light is incident upon an air/water interface (it passes from air into water) at an angle of 45°. Which of the
following quantities change as the light enters the water?
(I) wavelength (II) frequency (III) speed of propagation (IV) direction of propagation
(A) I, III only (B) III, IV only (C) I, II, IV only (D) I, III, IV only
12. A paraxial beam is incident on a glass (n = 1.5) hemisphere of radius R=6
cm in air as shown. The distance of point of convergence F from the plane surface
of hemisphere is :–
(A) 12 cm (B) 5.4 cm (C) 18 cm (D) 8 cm
13. A point object O moves from the principal axis of a converging lens in a
direction OP. I the image of O, will move initially in the direction :
(A) IQ (B) IR
(C) IS (D) IU
14. A point source of light is placed on the principle axis between F and 2 F of a concave lens. On the other side very far,
a screen is placed perpendicular to principal axis. As the screen is brought close towards lens
(A) the light intensity on screen continuously decreases
(B) the light intensity on screen continuously increases
(C) the light intensity on screen first increases, then decreases
(D) the light intensity on screen first decreases, then increases
15. A parallel beam of white light falls on a convex lens . Images of blue , red and green light are formed on other side
of the lens at distances x , y and z respectively from the pole of the lens . Then :
(A) x > y > z (B) x > z > y (C) y > z > x (D) None of these
16. Which of the following quantities related to a lens does not depend on the wavelength of the incident light ?
(A) Refractive index (B) Focal length (C) Power (D) Radii of curvature
17. As shown in the figure a particle is placed at O in front of a plane mirror M.A man
at P can move along path PY and PY’ then which of the following is true?
(A) For all points on PY man can see the image of O
(B) For all points on PY’ man can see the image, but for no point on
PY he can see the image of O
(C) For all points on PY’ he can see the image but on PY he can see the
image only upto distance d.
(D) He can see the image only upto a distance d on either side of P.
18. Two plane mirrors are placed parallel to each other at a distance L apart. A point object O is placed between them,
at a distance L/3 from one mirror. Both mirrors form multiple images. The distance between any two images cannot
be
(A) 3L/2 (B) 2L/3 (C) 2L (D) None of these
19. A point source of light S is placed in front of two large mirrors as shown.
Which of the following observers will see only one image of S ?
(A) only A (B) only C
(C) Both A and C (D) Both B and C
20. An infinitely long rod lies along the axis of a concave mirror of focal length f. The near end of the rod is at distance
u > f from the mirror. Its image will have a length–
uf uf f2 f2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
u f u f u f u f
21. A point source S is placed at the bottom of different layers as shown in the figure.
The refractive index of bottommost layer is µ0. The refractive index of any other upper layer
µ0
is µ(n ) µ0 A ray of light with angle i = 30° starts from the source S. Total
4n 18
internal reflection takes place at the upper surface of layer having n equal to
(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 6
22. A ray of light in a liquid of refractive index 1.4 approaches the boundary surface between the liquid and air at an angle
of incidence whose sine is 0.8 . Which of the following statement is correct about the behaviors of the light ?
(A) It is impossible to predict the behavior of the light ray on the basis of the information supplied.
(B) The sine of the angle of refraction of the emergent ray will be less than 0.8
(C) The ray will be internally reflected
(D) The sine of the angle of refraction of the emergent ray will be greater than 0.8
µ
23. A light ray hits the pole of a thin biconvex lens as shown in figure. The angle made by 3µ
the emergent ray with the optic axis will be nearly 2º ( 2µ
(A) 0° (B) (1/3)°
(C) (2/3)° (D) 2°
24. A diminished image of an object is to be obtained on a large screen 1 m from it. This can be achieved by
(A) using a convex mirror of focal length less than 0.25 m
(B) using a concave mirror of focal length less than 0.25 m
(C) using a convex lens of focal length less than 0.25 m
(D) using a concave lens of focal length than 0.25 m
25. The diagram shows five isosceles right angled prisms. A light ray incident at
90° at the first face emerges at same angle with the normal from the last face.
Which of the following relations will hold regarding the refractive indices ?
(A) µ12 + µ32 + µ52 = µ22 + µ42 (B) µ12 + µ32 + µ52 = 1 + µ22 + µ42
(C) µ12 + µ32 + µ52 = 2 + µ22 + µ42 (D) none of these
26. In a compound microscope, the intermediate image is [IIT JEE 2000]

(A) Virtual, erect and magnified. (B) Real, erect and magnified
(C) Real, inverted and magnified (D) Virtual, erect and reduced.
27. A real image of a distant object is formed by a piano-convex lens on its principal axis. Spherical aberration.
(A) is absent [IIT JEE 1998]
(B) is smaller if the curved surface of the lens faces the object
(C) is smaller if the plane surface of the lens faces the object
(D) is the same whichever side of the lens faces the object
28. An eye specialist prescribes spectacles having a combination of convex lens of focal length 40 cm in contact with a
concave lens of focal length 25 cm. The power of this lens combination in diopters is [IIT JEE 1997]
(A) +1.5 (B) –1.5 (C) 6.67 (D) –6.67
29. The focal lengths of the objective and the eye piece of a compound microscope are 2.0 cm and 3.0 cm, respectivley.
The distance between the objective and the eye piece is 15.0 cm the final image formed by the eye piece is at infinity.
the two lenses are thin. The distance in cm of the object and the image produced by the objective, measured from
the objective lens, are respectively [IIT JEE 1995]
(A) 2.4 and 12.0 (B) 2.4 and 15.0 (C) 2.0 and 12.0 (D) 2.0 and 3.0
30. A diminished image of an object is to be obtained on a screen 1 m from it. This can be achieved by appropriate placing:
[I IT JE E 1 99 5]
(A) a concave mirror of suitable focal length (B) a convex mirror of suitable focal length
(C) a convex lens of focal length less than 0.25 m (D) a convex lens of suitable focal length
31. An isosceles prism of angle 120° has a refractive index 1.44. Two parallel rays
of monochromatic light enter the prism parallel to each other in air as shown. The rays
rays emerge from the opposite face [I IT JE E 1 99 5]
(A) are parallel to each other 120º
(B) are diverging
(C) make an angle 2 [sin-1(0.72) —30°] with each other
(D) make an angle 2 sin-1(0.72) with each other
32. Spherical aberration in a thin lens can be reduced by : [IIT JEE 1994]
(A) using a monochromatic light (B) using a doublet combination
(C) using a circular annular mark over the lens (D) increasing the size of the lens
33. Two thin convex lenses of focal lengths f 1 and f2 are separated by a
horizontal distance d (where d < f1, d < f2) and their centres are displaced
by a vertical separation A as shown in the figure . Taking the origin of
coordinates, 0, at the centre of the first lens, the x and y-coordinates of
the focal point of this lens system, for a parallel beam of rays coming from
the left, are given by : [ II T JEE 199 3]
f1 f 2 f1 ( f 2 d )
(A) x ,y (B) x ,y
f1 f 2 f1 f 2 d f1 f2
f1 f 2 d ( f1 d ) ( f1 d ) f1 f 2 d ( f1 d )
(C) x ,y (D) x ,y 0
f1 f 2 d f1 f 2 d f1 f 2 d
34. A beam of light consisting of red, green and blue colours is incident on a right-angled prism. The refractive indices
of the material of the prism for the above red, green and blue wavelengths are 1.39, 1.44 and 1.47 respectively. The
prism will : [IIT JEE 1989]
(A) separate the red colour from the green and blue colours
(B) separate the blue colour from the red and green colours
(C) separate all the three colours from one another
(D) not separate even partially any colour from the other two colours.
45º
35. A short linear object of length b lies along the axis of a concave mirror of focal length f, at a distance u from the
mirror. The size of the image is approximately equal to : [ II T -J E E 1 9 88 ]
1/2 2
u f f u f f
(A) b (B) b (C) b (D) b
f u f f u f
36. A concave mirror is placed on a horizontal table with its axis directed vertically upwards. Let O be the pole of the
mirror and C its centre of curvature. A point object is placed at C. It has a real image, also located at C. If the mirror
is now filled with water, the image will be :– [ II T -J E E 1 9 98 ]
(A) real and will remain at C (B) real and located at a point between C and 
(C) virtual and located at a point between C and O (D) real and located at a point between C and O
37. A spherical surface of radius of curvature R, separates air (refractive index 1.0) from glass (refractive index 1.5). The
centre of curvature is in the glass. A point object P placed in air is found to have a real image Q in the glass. The
line PQ cut s the sur face at a poi nt O and PO = OQ. T he dista nce PO is equal
to :– [ II T -J E E 1 9 98 ]
(A) 5R (B) 3R (C) 2R (D) 1.5R
38. A concave lens of glass, refractive index 1.5 has both surfaces of same radius of curvature R. On immersion in a medium
of refractive index 1.75, it will behave as a :– [ II T -J E E 1 9 99 ]
(A) convergent lens of focal length 3.5 R (B) convergent lens of focal length 3.0 R
(C) divergent lens of focal length 3.5 R (D) divergent lens of focal length 3.0 R
39. A hollow double concave lens is made of very thin transparent material. It can be filled with air or either of two liquids
L1 or L2 having refracting indices n1 and n2 respectively (n2 > n1 > 1). The lens will diverge a parallel beam of light
if it is filled with :– [ II T -J E E 2 0 00 ]
(A) air and placed in air (B) air and immersed in L1
(C) L1 and immersed in L2 (D) L2 and immersed in L1
40. A diverging beam of light from a point source S having divergence angle  falls 
symmetrically on a glass slab as shown. The angles of incidence of the two extreme
rays are equal. If the thickness of the glass slab is t and its refractive index is n,
then the divergence angle of the emergent between them is :
[ II T -J E E 2 0 00 ]
(A) zero (B)  (C) sin–1 (1/n) (D) 2 sin–1 (1/n)
41. A point source of light B, placed at a distance L in front of the centre of

plane mirror of width d, hangs vertically on a wall. A man walks in front of the d B
mirror along a line parallel to the mirror at a distance 2L from it as shown. The
greatest distance over which he can see the image of the light source in the mirror
is : [ II T -J E E 2 0 00 ]
L
(A) d/2 (B) d
2L
(C) 2d (D) 3d
42. A rectangular glass slab ABCD of refractive index n1 is immersed in water of refractive index n2 (n1 > n2). A ray of light
is incident at the surface AB of the slab as shown. The maximum value of the angle of incidence max, such that the ray
comes out only from the other surface CD, is given by :– [ II T -J E E 2 0 0 0 ]
A D
 n1  1 n 2     1 1  
(A) sin  n cos  sin n 
–1
(B) sin n 1 cos  sin n  
–1
 2  1    2 
max
n1 n2
B C
 n1   n2 
(C) sin–1  n  (D) sin–1  n 
 2  1
43. A ray of light passes through four transparent media with refractive indices µ1,
µ2, µ3 and µ4 as shown in the figure. The surfaces of all media are parallel. If the
emergent ray CD is parallel to the incident ray AB, we must have :–
[ II T -J E E 2 0 00 ]
(A) µ1 = µ2 (B) µ2 = µ3 (C) µ3 = µ4 (D) µ4 = µ1
44. A given ray of light suffers minimum deviation in an equilateral prism P. Additional prism
prism Q and R of identical shape and of the same material as P are now added as shown
in the figure. The ray will suffer :– [ II T -J E E 2 0 01 ]
(A) greater deviation (B) no deviation
(C) same deviation as before (D) total internal reflection
45. An observer can see through a pin–hole the top end of a thin rod of height h,
placed as shown in the figure. The beaker height is 3h and its radius h. When the
beaker is filled with a liquid up to a height 2h, he can see the lower end of the rod.
Then the refractive index of the liquid is :– [ I IT - J E E 2 0 0 2 ]
5 5 3 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 2 2
46. Which one of the following spherical lenses does not exhibit dispersion ? The radii of curvature of the surfaces of the
lenses are as given in the diagrams :– [ II T -J E E 2 0 02 ]
(A) (B) (C) (D)

47. Two plane mirrors A and B are aligned parallel to each other, as shown in the
figure. A light ray is incident at an angle 30° at a point just inside one end of A.
The plane of incidence coincides with the plane of the figure. The maximum number
of times the ray undergoes reflections (including the first one) before it emerges
out is :– [ II T -J E E 2 0 02 ]
(A) 28 (B) 30 (C) 32 (D) 34
48. The size of the image of an object, which is at infinity, as formed by a convex lens of focal length 30cm is 2cm. If
a concave lens of focal length 20cm is placed between the convex lens and the image at a distance of 26cm from
the convex lens, calculate the new size of the image :– [ II T -J E E 2 0 03 ]
(A) 1.25 cm (B) 2.5 cm (C) 1.05 cm (D) 2cm
49. A ray of light is incident at the glass–water interface at an angle i, it emerges finally
parallel to the surface of water, then the value of µg would be :–
(A) (4/3) sin i [ II T -J E E 2 0 03 ]
(B) 1/sin i
(C) 4/3
(D) 1
50. White light is incident on the interface of glass and air as shown in the figure. If
green light is just totally internally reflected then the emerging ray in air contains.
[ II T -J E E 2 0 04 ]
(A) yellow, orange, red
(B) violet, indigo, blue
(C) all colours
(D) all colours except green
51. A ray of light is incident on an equilateral glass prism placed on a horizontal table.
For minimum deviation which of the following is true? [ II T -J E E 2 0 04 ]
(A) PQ is horizontal
(B) QR is horizontal
(C) RS is horizontal
(D) Either PQ or RS is horizontal
52. A point object is placed at the centre of a glass sphere of radius 6cm and refractive index 1.5. The distance of the
virtual image from the surface of the sphere is :– [ II T -J E E 2 0 04 ]
(A) 2cm (B) 4cm (C) 6cm (D) 12cm
15cm
53. A container is filled with water (µ = 1.33) upto a height of 33.25 cm. A
concave mirror is placed 15cm above the water level and the image of an object
placed at the bottom is formed 25cm below the water level. The focal length of
the mirror is :– [ II T -J E E 2 0 04 ] 25cm
33.25cm
µ=1.33
(A) 10 cm (B) 15 cm
(C) 20 cm (D) 25 cm I
O
54. A convex lens is in contact with concave lens. The magnitude of the ratio of their focal length is 2/3. Their equivalent
focal length is 30cm. What are their individual focal lengths ? [ II T -J E E 2 0 05 ]
(A) –75, 50 (B) –10, 15 (C) 75, 50 (D) –15, 10
O n e o r M o re C h o ic e C or re c t
59. The image (of a real object) formed by a concave mirror is twice the size of the object. The focal length of the mirror
is 20 cm. The distance of the object from the mirror is (are)
(A) 10 cm (B) 30 cm (C) 25 cm (D) 15 cm
56. The values of d1 & d2 for final rays to be parallel to the principal axis are: (focal
lengths of the lenses are written above the respective lenses in the given figure)
(A) d1 = 10 cm, d2 = 15 cm (B) d1 = 20 cm, d2 = 15 cm
(C) d1 = 30 cm, d2 = 15 cm (D) None of these
57. If a symmetrical biconcave thin lens is cut into two identical halves.
They are placed in different ways as shown:
(A) three images will be formed in case (i) Object
(B) two images will be formed in the case (i)
(C) the ratio of focal lengths in (ii) & (iii) is 1
(D) the ratio of focal lengths in (ii) & (iii) is 2
Fig (i) Fig (ii) Fig (iii)
58. In which of the following the final image is erect?
(A) Simple microscope. (C) Astronomical telescope.
(B) Compound microscope. (D) Galilean telescope.
59. A ray of light traveling in a transparent medium falls on a surface separating the medium from air at an angle of incidence
45°. The ray undergoes total internal reflection. If n is the refractive index of the medium with respect to air, select
the possible value (s) of n from the following :– [ II T -J E E 1 9 98 ]
(A) 1.3 (B) 1.4 (C) 1.5 (D) 1.6
60. A ray OP of monochromatic light is incident on the face AB of prism ABCD [ II T -J E E 2 0 1 0 ]
near vertex B at an incident angle of 60° (see figure). If the refractive index of the
material of the prism is 3 , which of the following is (are) correct?
(A) The ray gets totally internally reflected at face CD
(B) The ray comes out through face AD
(C) The angle between the incident ray and the emergent ray is 90°
(D) The angle between the incident ray and the emergent ray is 120°
61. Which of the following form (s) a virtual and erect image for all positions of the object ? [IIT JEE 1996]
(A) Convex lens (B) Concave lens (C) Convex mirror (D) Concave mirror
62*. A planet is observed by an astronomical refracting telescope having an objective of focal lengthl6 m and an eye piece
of focal length 2 cm : [IIT JEE 1992]
(A) the distance between the objective and the eye piece is 16.02 m
(B) the angular magnification of the planet is -800
(C) the image of the planet is inverted
(D) the objective is larger than the eye piece
63. A thin prism P1 with angle 4 and made from glass of refractive index 1.54 is combined with another thin prism P2
made from glass of refractive index 1.72 to produce dispersion without deviation. The angle of the prism P 2 is :
[IIT JEE 1990]
(A) 5.33 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) 2.6
64. An astronomical telescope has an angular magnification of magnitude 5 for distance objects. The separation between
the objective and the eye piece is 36 cm and the final image is formed at infinity. The focal length f0 of the objective
and the focal length fe of the eyepiece are : [IIT JEE 1989]
(A) f0 = 45 cm and fe = – 9 cm (B) f0 = 50 cm and fe = 10 cm
(C) f0 = 7.2 cm and fe = 5 cm (D) f0= 30 cm and fe = 6 cm
65. A converging lens is used to form an image on a screen. When the upper half of the lens is covered by an opaque
screen : [IIT JEE 1986]
(A) half of the image will disappear (B) complete image will be formed
(C) intensity of the image will increase (D) intensity of the image will decrease
66. A converging lens of focal length f1 is placed in front of and coaxial with a convex mirror of focal length f2. Their separation
is d. A parallel beam of light incident on the lens returns as a parallel beam from the arrangement-
(A) The beam diameters of the incident and reflected beams must be the same
(B) d = |f1| –2 |f2|
(C) d = |f1| – |f2|
(D) If the entire arrangement is immersed in water, the conditions will remain unaltered
67. Choose the correct alternative corresponding to the object distance 'u', image distance 'v' and the focal length 'F' of
a converging lens from the following.
3F F
(i) The average speed of the image as the object moves with uniform speed from distance to is greater
er
4 2
F F
than the average speed of the image as the object moves with same speed from distance to
2 4
(ii) The minimum distance between a real object and its real image in case of a converging lens is 4F where
F is its focal length.
(A) both are correct (B) both are incorrect
(C) (i) is correct, (ii) is incorrect (D) (i) is incorrect, (ii) is correct
68. A ray is incident on the first prism at an angle of incidence 53° as

shown in the figure. The angle between side CA and BA for the net
deviation by both the prisms to be double of the deviation produced by
the first prism, will be
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
(A) sin + 53° (B) sin + 37° (C) cos +53° (D) 2 sin
3 3 3 3
69. For the refraction of light through a prism
(A) For every angle of deviation there are two angles of incidence
(B) The light travelling inside an equilateral prism is necessarily parallel to the base when prism is set for minimum
deviation
(C) There are two angles of incidence for maximum deviation
(D) Angle of minimum deviation will increase if refractive index of prism (P) is increased keeping the refractive
index of the outside medium (S) unchanged if µP > µS.
70. Two lenses in contact made of materials with dispersive powers in the ratio 2 : 1, behaves as an achromatic diverging
lens of focal length 10 cm. The individual focal length of the lenses are :
(A) 5 cm, –10cm (B) –5 cm, 10 cm (C) 10 cm, –20 cm (D) –20 cm, 10 cm
71. A ray of light is incident normally on one face of 30° – 60° – 90° prism of refractive index 5/3 immersed in water
of refractive index 4/3 as shown in figure .
(A) The exit angle 2 of the ray is sin–1 (5/8)
5
(B) The exit angle 2 of the ray is sin–1
4 3
(C) Total internal reflection at point P ceases if the refractive index of water is
5
increased to by dissolving some substance
2 3
(D) Total internal reflection at point P ceases if the refractive index
of water is increased to 5/6 by dissolving some substance
72. A convex lens forms an image of an object on a screen. The height of the image is 9 cm. The lens is now displaced
until an image is again obtained on the screen. Then height of this image is 4 cm . The distance between the object
and the screen is 90 cm.
(A) The distance between the two positions of the lens is 30 cm
(B) The distance of the object from the lens in its first position is 36 cm
(C) The height of the object is 6 cm
(D) The focal length of the lens is 21.6 cm
A s se r t i on & Re as on
73. S tatem ent –I : For observing traffic at our back, we prefer to use a convex mirror.
and
Statem ent –II : A convex mirror has a larger field of view than a plane mirror or concave mirror.
74. S tatement –I : A convex lens must be converging.
and
Statement –II: The nature of a lens depends upon the refractive indices of the material of lens and surrounding
medium besides geometry.
75. S tatem ent –I : Uniform hollow prism forms no spectra as a solid equilateral prism of glass.
and
Statem ent –II : Neglecting the thickness of the hollow glass surface, the medium is same. So dispersion
does not take place.
76. S tate m e n t–I : 11 English alphabets do not show lateral inversion.
and
S tatem en t– II : If some portion of a mirror is covered, the intensity of image will increase.
C o mp reh en si on Ty pe
C o mp re hen si on - 1 ( Q u e st io n N o. 77 to 7 9)
A curved surface of radius R separates two medium of refractive indices µ1 and µ2 as shown in figures A and B.
77. Choose the correct statement(s) related to the real image formed by the object O placed at a distance x, as shown
in figure A.
(A) Real image is always formed irrespective of the position of object if µ2 > µ1
(B) Real image is formed only when x>R
(C) Real image is formed due to the convex nature of the interface irrespective of µ1 and µ2
(D) None of these
78. Choose the correct statement(s) related to the virtual image formed by object O placed at a distance x, as shown in
figure A
(A) Virtual image is formed for any position of O if µ2 < µ1
(B) Virtual image can be formed if x > R and µ2 < µ1
(C) Virtual image is formed if x < R and µ2 > µ1
(D) None of these
79. Identify the correct statement(s) related to the formation of images of a real object O placed at x from the pole of the
concave surface, as shown in figure B
(A) If µ2 > µ1, then virtual image is formed for any value of x
µ1 R
(B) If µ2 < µ1, then virtual image is formed if x < µ µ
1 2
(C) If µ2 < µ1, then real image is formed for any value of x
(D) None of these
C o mp reh en si on # 2 : (Q . No . 80 to 84 ) H u m an E ye
The ciliary muscles of eye control the curvature of the lens in the eye and hence
can alter the effective focal length of the system. When the muscles are fully relaxed,
the focal length is maximum. When the muscles are strained the curvature of lens
increases (that means radius of curvature decreases) and focal length decreases. For
a clear vision the image must be on retina. The image distance is therefore fixed
for a clear vision and it equals the distance of retina from eye–lens. It is about 2.5
cm for a grown–up person.
A person can theoretically have clear vision of objects situated at any large distance from the eye. The smallest distance
at which a person can clearly see is related to minimum possible focal length. The ciliary muscles are most strained
in this position. For an average grown up person minimum distance of object should be around 25 cm.
A person suffering from eye defects uses spectacles (Eye glass). The function of lens of spectacles is to form the
image of the objects within the range in which person can see clearly. The image of the spectacle–lens becomes
object for eye–lens and whose image is formed on retina.
The number of spectacle–lens used for the remedy of eye defect is decided by the power of the lens required and
the number of spectacle–lens is equal to the numerical value of the power of lens with sign. For example power
100
of lens required is +3D (converging lens of focal length cm) then number of lens will be +3).
3
For all the calculations required you can use the lens formula and lens maker's formula. Assume that the eye lens
is equiconvex lens. Neglect the distance between eye lens and the spectacle lens.
80. Minimum focal length of eye lens of a normal person is :
25 25
(A) 25 cm (B) 2.5 cm (C) cm (D) cm
9 11
81. Maximum focal length of eye lens of normal person is:

25 25
(A) 25 cm (B) 2.5 cm (C) cm (D) cm
9 11
82. A near–sighted man can clearly see object only upto a distance of 100 cm and not beyond this. The number of
the spectacles lens necessary for the remedy of this defect will be:
(A) + 1 (B) –1 (C) + 3 (D) –3
83. A farsighted man cannot see object clearly unless they are at least 100 cm from his eyes. The number of the spectacles
lens that will make his range of clear vision equal to an average grown up person
(A) + 1 (B) –1 (C) + 3 (D) –3
84. A person who can see object clearly from distance 10 cm to , then we can say that the person is:
(A) Normal sighted person (B) Near–sighted person
(C) Far–sighted person (D) A person with exceptional eye having no eye defect
C o mp re hen si on # 3 : (Q . N o. 85 to 89)C hr om ati c A b ser rati on
The image of a white object in white light formed by a lens is usually coloured and blurred. This defect of image
is called chromatic abserration and arises due to the fact that focal length of a lens is different for different colours.
As  of lens is maximum for violet while minimum for red, violet is focused nearest to the lens while red farthest
from it as shown in figure. As a result of this, in case of convergent lens if a screen is placed at Fv centre of the
image will be violet and focused while sides are red and blurred. White at FR, reverse is the case, i.e., centre will
be red and focused while sides violet and blurred. The difference between fv and fR is a measure of the longitudinal
chromatic aberration (L.C.A), i.e.,
L.C.A. = fR –fV = –df with df = fv–fR

However, as for a single lens,
1 1 1 df 1 1 df d
( 1)  d = dispersive power.
er.
f R1 R2 f2 R1 R2 f ( 1)
Therefore, L. C. A. = – df = f
Now, as for a single lens neither f nor  can be zero, we cannot have a single lens free from chromatic abserration.
C o nd iti o n o f A ch rom atism (ac hro mati c d ou b le t) :
1 1 1 dF df1 df2
In case of two thin lenses in contact F f1 f2  F2 f12 f22
The combination will be free from chromatic aberration if dF = 0.
df1 df2 1 f1 2 f2
So 0  0  1 2
0
f12 f22 f12 f22 f1 f2
This condition is called condition of achromatism (for two thin lenses in contact) and the lens combination which
satisfies this condition is called achromatic lens, From above discussions it is clear that
1 1 1
(i) The two lenses must be a different materials. If 1 2 ,
f1 f2
0
F
0 or F=
(ii) As  and 2 are positive quantities for Eqn. (5) to hold, f1 and f2 must be of opposite nature, i.e., if one
of the lenses is converging the other must be diverging.
fC C
(iii) If the achromatic combination is convergent, fC < fD and as , C <D i.e., in a convergent achromatic
fD D
doublet, convex lens has lesser focal length and dispersive power than the divergent one.
85. Chromatic aberration in the formation of images by a lens arises because :

(A) of non–paraxial rays (B) the radii of curvature of the two sides are not same
(C) of the defect in grinding (D) the focal length varies with wavelength
86. Chromatic aberration of a lens can be corrected by :
(A) providing different suitable curvatures of its two surfaces
(B) proper polishing of its two surfaces
(C) suitably combining it with another lens
(D) reducing its aperture
87. A combination is made of two lenses of focal lengths f and f' in contact ; the dispersive powers of the materials of the
lenses are  and '. The combination is achromatic when :
(A)  = 0,' = 20,f' = 2f (B)  = 0,' = 20,f' = f/2
(C)  = 0,' = 20,f' = –f/2 (D)  = 0,' = 20,f' = –2f
88. The dispersive power of crown and flint glasses are 0.02 and 0.04 respectively. An achromatic converging lens of focal
length 40 cm is made by keeping two lenses, one of crown glass and the other of flint glass, in contact with each other.
The focal lengths of the two lenses are:
(A) 20 cm and 40 cm (B) 20 cm and –40 cm (C) –20 cm and 40 cm (D) 10 cm and –20cm
89. Chromatic aberration in a spherical concave mirror is proportional to :
(A) f (B) f2 (C) 1/f (D) None of these
5 m/s
Integer Type
30º
90. In the situation shown in figure, the velocity of image is y
10 m/s
5(1 3)iˆ a 3 ˆj then find the value of a? x
60º
Object Mirror
91. A man uses a concave mirror for shaving. He keeps his face at a distance of 20 cm from the mirror and gets an image
which is 1.5 times enlarged. The focal length of the mirror is 10X cm. find X
92. There is a small air bubble inside a glass sphere (µ = 1.5) of radius 10 cm. The bubble is 4.0 cm below the surface and
is veiwed normally from the outside. Find the apparent depth (in cm) of the bubble.
93. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm to the left on the axis of a convex lens A of focal length 20 cm. A second
convex lens of focal length 10cm is placed co-axially to the right of the lens A at a distance of 5 cm from A. Then
magnification of an object is X/3. Find X.
Subjective Type
94. The separation between the objective and the eyepiece of a compound microscope can be adjusted between 9.8 cm to
11.8 cm. If the focal lengths of the objective and the eyepiece are 1.0 cm and 6 cm repectively, find the range of the
magnifying power if the image is always needed at 24 cm from the eye.
95. A slab of glass of thickness 6 cm and index 1.5 is place somewhere in between a concave mirror and a point object,
perpendicular to the mirror's optical axis. The radius of curvature of the mirror is 40 cm. If the reflected final image
coincides with the object, then find the distance of the object from the mirror.
96. A long solid cylindrical glass rod of refractive index 3/2 is immersed in a
3 3
liquid of refractive index . The ends of the rod are perpendicular to the
4

central axis of the rod. A light enters one end of the rod at the central axis
as shown in the figure. Find the maximum value of angle  for which total
internal reflection occurs inside the rod?
97. A thin equiconvex lens of glass of refractive index µ = 3/2 and of focal
length 0.3 m in air is sealed into an opening at one end of a tank filled with
water µ = 4/3. On the opposite side of the lens, a mirror is placed inside
the tank on the tank wall perpendicular to the lens axis, as shown in figure.
The separation between the lens and the mirror is 0.8 m.A small object is
placed outside the tank in front of the lens at a distance of 0.9 m from the
lens on its axis. Find the position (relative to the lens) of the image of the
object formed by the system.
98. A concave mirror has the form of a hemisphere with a radius of R = 60 cm. A thin layer of an unknown transparent
liquid is poured into the mirror. The mirror–liquid system forms one real image and another real image is formed by
mirror alone, with the source in a certain position. One of them coincides with the source and the other is at a distance
of  = 30 cm from source. Find the possible value(s) refractive index µ of the liquid.
99. A prism of refractive index n1 and another prism of refractive index n2 are stuck
together with a out gap as shown in the figure. The angles of the prism are as
shown. The refractive indices n1 and n2 depend on , the wavelength of light
according to relations :
10.8  10 4 1.80 10 4
n1 = 1.20 + 2 and n2 = 1.45 + where  is in nm.
 2
(a) Calculate the wavelength 0 for which rays incident at any angle on the
interface BC pass through without bending at that interface.
(b) For light of wavelength 0, find the angle of incidence i on the face AC such that the deviation produced by the combination
of prisms is minimum. [ II T -J E E 1 9 9 8 ]
100. The x–y plane is the boundary between two transparent media. Medium–1 with z 0 has a refractive index 2 and

medium–2 with z 0 has a refractive index 3 . A ray of light in medium–1 given by vector A 6 3î 8 3ˆj 10kˆ
is incident on the plane of separation. Find the unit vector in the direction of the refracted ray in medium–2.
[ II T -J E E 1 9 99 ]
101. A quarter cylinder of radius R and refractive index 1.5 is placed

on a table. A point object P is kept at a distance of mR from
it. Find the value of m for which a ray from P will emerge parallel
to the table as shown in figure. [IIT-JEE 1999]
102. A convex lens of focal length 15cm and a concave mirror of focal length 30 cm are kept with their optic axis PQ
and RS parallel but separated in vertical direction by 0.6 cm as shown. The distance between the lens and mirror is
30cm. An upright object AB of height 1.2 cm is placed on the optic axis PQ of the lens at a distance of 20cm from
the lens. If A'B' is the image after refraction from the lens and the reflection from the mirror, find the distance of A'
B' from the pole of the mirror and obtain its magnification. Also locate positions of A' and B' with respect to the
optic axis RS. [ II T -J E E 2 0 00 ]
103. The refractive indices of the crown glass for blue and red light are 1.51 and 1.49 respectively and those of the flint
glass are 1.77 and 1.73 respectively. An isosceles prism of angle 6° is made of crown glass. A beam of white light
is incident at a small angle on this prism. The other flint glass isosceles prism is combined with the crown glass prism
such that there is no deviation of the incident light. [ II T -J E E 2 0 01 ]
(a) Determine the angle of the flint glass prism.
(b) Calculate the net dispersion of the combined system.
104. In the figure, light is incident on the thin lens as shown. The radius of curvature for both
the surface is R. Determine the focal length of this system. [IIT-JEE 2003]
105. Figure shows an irregular block of material of refractive index 2 . A ray of light strikes the face AB as shown in the figure.
After refraction it is incident on a spherical surface CD of radius of curvature 0.4m and enters a medium of refractive index
1.514 to meet PQ at E. Find the distance OE upto two placed of decimal. [ II T -J E E 2 0 0 4 ]
106. An object is approaching a thin convex lens of focal length 0.3m with a speed of 0.01 m/s. Find the magnitude of
the rates of change of position and lateral magnification of image when the object is at a distance of 0.4 m from the
lens. [ II T -J E E 2 0 04 ]
107. AB and CD are two slabs. The medium between the slabs has refractive index 2. Find the minimum angle of incidence
of Q, so that the ray is totally reflected by both the slabs. [ II T -J E E 2 0 05 ]
108. A ray of light is incident on a prism ABC of refractive index 3 as shown in figure. [ II T -J E E 2 0 0 5 ]
(a) Find the angle of incidence for which the deviation of light ray by the prism ABC is minimum.
(b) By what angle the second prism must be rotated, so that the final ray suffer net minimum deviation.
109. A prism µ p 3 has an angle of prism A = 30°. A thin film (µf = 2.2) is coated A
on face AC as shown in the figure. Light of wavelength is coated on face AC as
shown in the figure. Light of wavelength 550 nm is incident on the face AB at
60° angle of incidence. Find [IIT JEE 2003]
(i) The angle of its emergence from the face AC and B C
(ii) The minimum thickness (in nm) of the film for which the emerging light is of
maximum possible intensity.
110. A thin biconvex lens of refractive index 3/2 is placed on a horizontal plane mirror as shown in the figure. The space
between the lens and the mirror is then filled with water of refractive index 4/3. It is found that when a point object
is placed 15 cm above the lens on its principle axis, the object coincides with its own image. On repeating with another
liquid, the object and the image again coincide at a distance 25 cm from the lens. Calculate the refractive index of the
liquid. [I IT JE E 2 00 1]
111. A thin equiconvex lens of glass of refractive index p. = 3/2 and of focal length 0.3
m in air is sealed into an opening at one end of a tank filled with water p = 4/
3. On the opposite side of the lens, a mirror is placed inside the tank on the tank
wall perpendicular to the lens axis, as shown in figure. The separation between
the lens and the mirror is 0.8 m. A small object is placed outside the tank in front
of the lens at a distance of 0.9 m from the lens along its axis. Find the position
(relative to the lens) of the image of the object formed by the system
[IIT JEE 1997]
112. A ray of light travelling in air is incident at grazing angle (incident angle = 90°)
on a long rectangular slab of a transparent medium of thickness t = 1.0 m. The
point of incidence is the origin A(0. 0). The medium has a variable index of refraction
n(y) given by where n(y) = [ky3/2 + 1]1/2 k = 1.0 (meter)–3/2. The refractive index
of air is 1.0. [I IT JE E 199 5]
(a) Obtain a relation between the slope of the trajectory of the ray at a point B(x,
y) in the medium and the incident angle at the point.
(b) Obtain an equation for the trajectory y(x) of the ray in the medium.
(c) Determine the co-ordinates (x1, y1) of the point P where the ray intersects the upper surface of the slab-air boundary.
(d) Indicate the path of the ray subsequently.
113. A thin piano-convex lens of focal length f is split into two halves. One of the halves
is shifted along the optical axis. The separation between object and image planes
is 1.8m. The magnification of the image formed by one of the half lens is 2. Find
O
the focal length of the lens and separation between the halves. Draw the ray diagra'
m for image formation. [I IT JE E 199 6]
1.8m
114. An image Y is formed of point object X by a lens whose optic axis is AB as shown
in figure. Draw a ray diagram to locate the lens and its focus. If the image Y of
the object X is formed by a concave mirror (having the same optic axis as AB) instead
X
of lens, draw another ray diagram to locate the mirror and its focus. Write down A B
the steps of construction of the ray diagrams. [IIT JEE 1994] Y
115. Light is incident at an angle a on one planar end of transparent cylindrical rod of refractive index n. Determine the
least value of n so that the light entering the rod does not emerge from the curved surface of the rod irrespective
to the value of . [I IT J EE 1 992]
116. Two parallel beams of light P and Q (separation d) containing radiations of wavelengths 4000Å and 5000Å (which
are mutually coherent in each wavelength separately) are incident normally on a prism as shown in figure. The refractive
b
index of the prism as a function of wavelength is given by the relation, µ() = 1.20 + 2 where is in Å and b is
positive constant. The value of b is such that the condition for total reflection at the face AC is just satisfied for one
wavelength and is not satisfied for the other [I IT JE E 1 99 1]
(a) Find the value of b.

(b) Find the deviation of the beams transmitted through the face AC.
(c) A convergent lens is used to bring these transmitted beams into focus.
If the intensities of the upper and the lower beams immediately after
transmission from the face AC, are 41 and I respectively, find the
resultant intensity at the focus.
117. A parallel beam of light travelling in water (refractive index = 4/3) is refracted by a spherical air bubble of radius 2 mm
situated in water. Assuming the light rays to be paraxial. [I IT J EE 1 988]
(i) Find the position of the image due to refraction at the first surface and the position of the final image.
(ii) Draw a ray diagram showing the positions of both the images.
118. A right prism is to be made by selecting proper material and the angles A and B (B 5 < A) as shown in figure. It is
desired that a ray of light incident on the AB emerges parallel to the incident direction after two internal reflections.
[I IT JE E 1 98 7]
(i) What should be the minimum refractive index 'n' for this to be possible?
(ii) For n = 5/3, is it possible to achieve this with the angle B equal to 30° ?
119. A right angle prism (45°–90°–45°) of refractive index n has a plane of refractive index n1
(n1 < n) cemented to its diagonal face. The assembly is in air. The ray is incident on AB.
(i) Calculate the angle of incidence at AB for which the ray strikes the diagonal face
at the critical angle.
(ii) Assuming n = 1.352, calculate the angle of incidence at AB for which the refracted ray passes through the
diagonal face undeviated.
120. Monochromatic light is incident on a plane interface AB between two media of refractive indices n1 and n2 (n2 > n1)
at an angle of incidence 0 as shown in the figure. The angle 0 is infinitesimally greater than the critical angle for the
two media so that total internal reflection takes place. Now if a transparent slab DEFG of uniform thickness and of
refractive index n3 is introduced on the interface (as shown in the figure), show that for any value of n3 all light will
ultimately be reflected back again into medium II. Consider separately the cases [I IT JE E 1 98 6]
(i) n3 < n1 (ii) n3 > n1
 True/False 1. True
 Fill in the Blanks 2. 0.125 and 0.5 3. Smaller 4. (1.5) 5. (V = –30 cm)
6. (60 cm) 7. (15 cm)
 Single Choice Correct
8. (A) 9. (C) 10. (C) 11. (D) 12. (D) 13. (C) 14. (B) 15. (C)
16.(D) 17. (C) 18. (A) 19. (B) 20. (D) 21. (A) 22. (C) 23. (C)
24. (C) 25. (B) 26. (C) 27. (B) 28. (B) 29. (A) 30. (C) 31. (C)
32.(C) 33. (C) 34. (A) 35. (D) 36. (D) 37. (A) 38. (A) 39. (D)
40. (B) 41. (D) 42. (A) 43. (D) 44. (C) 45. (B) 46. (C) 47. (B)
48.(B) 49. (B) 50. (A) 51. (B) 52. (C) 53. (C) 54. (D)
 One Or More Choice correct
55. AB 56. ABC 57. AC 58. AD 59. CD 60. ABC 61. BC 62. ABCD 63. C
64. AD 65. AD 66. AB 67. A 68. AD 69. BCD 70. B 71. AC 72. BCD
 Assertion & Reason 73. A 74. D 75. A 76. C
 Comprehension Type
Comprehension-1 77. D 78. AB 79. AB
Comprehension-2 80. D 81. B 82. B 83. C 84. D
Comprehension-3 85. D 86. C 87. D 88. B 89. D
 Integer Type 90. 5 91. 6 92. 3 93. 4
 Subjective Type
1 1
94. 20 to 30 95. 42 cm 96. sin 97. 0.9m from the lens (rightwards)
3
1
98. 1.5 or 5 –1 99. (a) 600nm (b) sin–1 (3/4) 100. 3iˆ 4 ˆj 5kˆ 101. 4/3
5 2
µ3 R
102. 15cm, –3/2 103. (i) 4º (ii) –0.04º 104. µ µ 105. 6.06 m
3 1
106. 0.09m/s, 0.3/s 107. 60º 108. (a) 60º (b) 60º
109. (i) 0º; (ii) 125 nm 110. µliquid = 1.6
111. 0.9m from the lens (righwards) or 0.1 m behing the mirror
dy
112. (a) cot i, ; (b) x= 4y1/4; (c) 4.0 m, 1.0m; (d) The rays will emerge parallel to the incident ray
dx
113. 0.4m, 0.6m 115. 2 116. (a) b = 8 × 105 (Å) 2, (b) 4000Å = 37º, 5000Å = 27.13 (c) 9I
117. (i) –6 mm, (ii) –5mm 118. (i) 2 (ii) No
1 1
119. (i) e sin n2 n12 n1 (ii) sin–1 (0.956)
2
120. (i) Thus light rays will be totally internally reflected into medium II.
(ii) The angle of incidence at face DE is greater than the critical angle of this surface so the light
will come back

Ray Optics & Optical Instruments, Home Work Sheet-1: Plane Mirror 1

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RAY OPTICS & OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS, HOME WORK SHEET-1

(A) 2H (B) 3H (C) H (D) None

(C) vA2 vB2

(D) vA2 vB2

5. A square ABCD of side 1mm is kept at distance 15 cm infront of the

(A) 45° (B) 135° (C) 105° (D) 75º

(A) 15 cm (B) 12.5 cm (C) 7.5 cm (D) 10 cm

(A) 10 cm (B) 15 cm (C) 50 cm (D) none of these

(A) 50 cm left of B (B) 40 cm right of B (C) 50 cm right of B (D) 60 cm right of B

(A) µ3 > µ2 > µ1 (B) µ3 < µ2 < µ1

6. A convex lens of focal length 10 cm is painted black at the middle portion

(A) 6.67 (B) – 6.67 (C) 33.3 (D) 20

(A) 50° (B) 45° (C) 60° (D) 75°

2. A man wearing glasses of focal length + lm cannot clearly see beyond 1 m

3. To increase the angular magnification of a simple microscope, one should increase

2. A mirror is inclined at an angle of  with the horizontal. If a ray of light is incident at

(C) (D) zero

a height of 10 cm. A plane mirror is fixed at a height of 5 cm from the surface of

the bottom of the beaker is–

mirror is placed at a depth of 0.2 m in a transparent liquid, the same phenomenon

(A)  – C (B) 2 C (C)  – 2 C (D) –C

(A) 18 cm (B) 12 cm (C) 9 cm (D) none of these

(A) 12 cm (B) 15 cm (C) 16 cm (D) 24 cm

(B) Not emerge out of the prism

2. A light ray I is incident on a plane mirror M. The mirror is

(1) forms an angle  with the vertical.

(A) 2v sin2 (B) 2vsin

(C) 2v/sin2 (D) None of these

9. A cubical block of glass of refractive index n1 is in contact with the surface of

(C) the second image moves towards the convex mirror

19. An object O is kept infront of a converging lens of focal length 30 cm behind

FILL IN THE BLANK TYPE QUESTIONS

(A) (p) Diverging lens

(B) (q) Converging lens

(C) (r) Concave mirror

(D) (s) Convex mirror

C olu m n–I Colu mn–II

(A) (p) Convex lens

(B) (q) Concave lens

(C) (r) Convex mirror

(D) (s) Concave mirror

18 . An object O (real) is placed at focus of an equi–biconvex lens as shown in .

C olu m n–I Colu m n–II

(A) Convex mirror (p) Dispersion

ASSERTION & REASON

COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS

25. What is the value of c?

27. The graph between and n willl

28. If x0 = 30 cm, then the distance of final image from pole is -

 C o mpre hens ion B as e d Q u e s io ns

3. Two concave mirrors each of radius of curvature 40 cm are placed such

image thus formed. Take location of object as the origin.

5. A fly F is sitting on a glass slab A, 45 cm thick and of refractive index

index 4/3) upto a height of 20 cm. The bottom of container is closed by a

by all refractions and reflection assuming paraxial rays.

refractive index of the sphere.

R.I. of the material of the prism.

1. Two large plane mirrors OM and ON are arranged as shown.

7. A point object lies 30 cm above water on the axis of a convex

(i) Image formed by partial reflection from water surface

3. Which of the following is used in optical fibres? [ AI E E E - 2 0 0 2 ]

4. An astronomical telescope has a large aperture to [ AI E E E - 2 0 0 2 ]

5. The image formed by an objective of a compound microscope is [ AI E E E - 2 0 0 3 ]