Advanced Exercises – Nguyen Thi Hoang Lan – MA- PBC

. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D to each of the following questions and write your answers in the
corresponding boxes provided.

1. The laborers decided to down __________ in support of their sacked workmate.

A equipment B. apparatus C. tools D instruments
2. The road system was so complicated that we had to stop to get our __________ several times.
A. positions B. locations C. searchings D. bearings
3. Investors were caught__________ by the sharp drop in share prices.
A undecided B unawares C unsuspecting D unconscious
4. He walked from the court a free man, having been __________ of murder
A. unconvinced B. acquitted C. liberated D. discharged
5. The two countries have been __________ for months over the issue of trade
A. at loggerheads B. on tenterhooks C. eye to eye D. face to face
6. I've taken most of the big things to the new house, but there are a few __________ left to collect.
A. stuff and nonsense B. odds and ends
C. earnings and belongings D. nuts and bolts
7. “ Don’t sit there, that’s my seat!” _ “__________!”
A. Sorry B. Excuse C. Forgive D. It’s my fault
8. Don’t call me between 8 and 10 tomorrow morning. I’ll__________a meeting then.
A. attend B. have attended C. be attending D. be attended
9. I think you should choose__________colour. This one is too dark.
A. other B. another C. the other D. others
10. _ “ I’m afraid I’ve broken your umbrella” _ “__________” .
A. Don’t mention it B. Not at all C. It’s the same D. Don’t worry about it
11. "Do you mind if I smoke?"
A. I'd not ather you do B. I'd rather you won't C. I'd rather you don't D. I'd rather you didn't
12. Rarely__________remove the entire root of a dandelion because of its length and sturdiness.
A. can the casual gardener B. the casual gardener
C. the casual gardener will D. does the casual gardener’s
13. The advancing army wreaked terrible __________ for their previous defeats.
A. reprisal B. retaliation C. vengeance D. vindictiveness
14. That old house hasn't been lived in for nearly thirty years, hence the fact that it looks so __________.
A. derelict B. rotten C. trashed D. decrepit
15. In the middle of the meeting she suddenly __________ into him for no apparent reason.
A. attacked B. laid C. argued D. crashed
16. He may not be good looking but he’s one of the most __________ people I’ve ever met.
A.likely B.unlikely C.likeable D.likeness
17 Please don’t . __________.. . a word of this to anyone else: it’s highly confidential.
A. breathe B. speak C. pass D. mutter
18. Plans to build a new airport suffered a major __________ when the government refused to fund theproject.
A. challenge B. withdrawal C. setback D. deflation
19. The committee’s ideas were deemed to be imaginative but in practical terms __________
A. incompatible B. unavoidable C. unworkable D. insurmountable
20. Let me __________ your fears by saying I envisage no further hitches.
A. avert B. restore C. allay D. hit

Choose the word that best completes each of the blanks in the following passage
People’s personalities (31)..................considerably from one another as there are no two alike. Our (32).................
characteristic which determine the patterns of our behaviour, our reactions and temperaments are unparalled
(33).................. our personality in the earliest stages of human.
Some (34)..................of character may to some extent be hereditary simulating the (35).................. that identify our
parents. Others may (36)..................from the conditions experienced during pragnancy and infancy. Consequently,
the environmental factor play a (37).................. role in strengthening or eliminating certain behavioural systems.
Undoubtedly, human personality (38).................. the most profound and irreversible formation during the first period of
its development, yet, certain characteristics may stil be (39)..................to considerable changes (40)..................by
different circumstances and situation.
21. A. Distinguish B. Differentiate C. Vary D. Change
22. A. Insole B. Ingrained C. In-depth D. In-acted
23. A. In the event of B. As token of C. On account of D. By means of
24. A. Aspects B. Items C. Traits D. Factors
 Advanced Exercises – Nguyen Thi Hoang Lan – MA- PBC
25. A. Issues B. Circumstances C. Foundations D. Attributes
26. A. Depart B. Change C. Rise D. Stem
27. A. Crucial B. Fatal C. Distinguished D. Lasting
28. A. Faces B. Suffers C. Undergoes D. Remains
29. A. Open B. Sure C. Obliged D. Subject
30. A. Negotiated B. Conditioned C. Made D. earned

Choose the item among A, B, C or D that best answers the question about the passage.
Carnegie Hall, the famous concert hall in New York, has again undergone a restoration. While this is not the
first, it is certainly the most extensive in the building’s history. As a result of this new restoration, Carnegie Hall once
again has the quality of sound that it had when it was first built.
Carnegie Hall owes its existence to Andrew Carnegie, the wealthy owner of a steel company in the late 1800s.
The hall was finished in 1891 and quickly gained a reputation as an excellent performing arts hall where
accomplished musicians gained fame. Despite its reputation, however, the concert hall suffered from several
detrimental renovations over the years. During the Great Depression, when fewer people could afford to attend
performances, the directors sold part of the building to commercial businesses. As a result, a coffee shop was
opened in one corner of the building, for which the builders replaced the brick and terra cotta walls with
windowpanes. A renovation in 1946 seriously damaged the acoustical quality of the hall when the makers of the film
Carnegie Hall cut a gaping hole in the dome of the ceiling to allow for lights and air vents. The hole was later covered
with short curtains and a fake ceiling, but the hall never sounded the same afterwards.
In 1960, the violinist Isaac Stern became involved in restoring the hall after a group of real estate developers
unveiled plans to demolish Carnegie Hall and build a high-rise office building on the site. This threat spurred Stern
to rally public support for Carnegie Hall and encouraged the city of New York to buy the property. The movement was
successful, and the concert hall is now owned by the city. In the current restoration, builders tested each new
material for its sound qualities, and they replaced the hole in the ceiling with a dome. The builders also restored the
outer walls to their original appearance and closed the coffee shop. Carnegie Hall has never sounded better, and its
prospects for the future have never looked more promising.
31: The word “extensive” in the first paragraph could be best replaced by which of the following?
A. thorough B. devoted C. continuous D. fabulous
32: The author uses the word “spurred” in the third paragraph to show that Stern ________.
A. was stimulated to act B. predicted the result
C. probed the plans D. was told in advance
33: What was probably the most important aspect of the recent renovation?
A. restoring the plaster trim B. restoring the outer wall
C. expanding the lobby D. repairing the ceiling
34: What major change happened to the hall in 1946?
A. The walls were damaged in an earthquake.
B. The acoustic dome was damaged
C. Space in the building was sold to commercial businesses.
D. The stage was renovated
35: What is the meaning of the word “detrimental” in the second paragraph?
A. extreme B. harmful C. significant D. dangerous
36: What was Isaac Stern’s relationship to Carnegie Hall?
A. He tried to save the hall, beginning in 1960.
B. He opened a coffee shop in Carnegie Hall during the Depression.
C. He performed on opening night in 1891.
D. He made the movie “Carnegie Hall” in 1946.
37: Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “unveiled” in the third paragraph?
A. announced B. restricted C. overshadowed D. located
38: Which of the following would most likely be the topic of the next paragraph?
A. a description of people’s reactions to the newly renovated hall.
B. further discussion about the activities of Isaac Stern in 1960.
C. a discussion of the coffee shop that once was located in the building.
D. a scientific explanation of acoustics and the nature of sound
39: How does the author seem to feel about the future of Carnegie Hall?
A. optimistic B. guarded C. negative D. ambiguous
40: This passage is mainly about ________
A. Carnegie Hall’s history during the Great Depression.
B. changes to Carnegie Hall.
C. damage to the ceiling in Carnegie Hall.
 Advanced Exercises – Nguyen Thi Hoang Lan – MA- PBC
D. The appearance of Carnegie Hall.

Read the passage and choose the best answer

Through various methods of research, anthropologists try to fit together the pieces of the human puzzle--to discover
how humanity was first achieved, what made it branch out in different directions, and why separate societies behave
similarly in some ways, but quite differently in other ways, nthropology, which emerged as an independent science in
the late eighteenth century, has two main divisions: Physical Anthropology and Cultural Anthropology. Physical
Anthropology focuses on human evolution and variation and uses methods of physiology, genetics, and ecology.
Cultural anthropology focuses on culture and includes Archaeology, social anthropology, and linguistics.
Physical anthropologists are most concerned with human biology. Physical anthropologists are detectives whose
mission is to solve the mystery of how humans came to be human. They ask questions about the events that led a
tree-dwelling population of animals to evolve into two-legged beings with power to learn--a power that we call
intelligence. Physical anthropologists study the fossils and organic remains of once-living primates. They also study
the connections between humans and other primates that are still living. Monkeys, apes, and humans have more in
common with one another physically than they do with other kinds of animals, In the lab anthropologists use the
methods, of physiology and genetics to investigate the composition of blood chemistry for clues to the relationship of
humans to various primates. Some study the animals in the wild to find out what behaviors they share with humans.
Others speculate about how the behavior of nonhuman primates might have shaped human bodily needs and habits.
A well-known family of physical anthropologists, the Leakeys, conducted research in East Africa indicating that
human evolution centered there rather than Asia. In 1931.Louis Leakey and his wife Mary Leakey began excavating at
Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. where over the next forty years they discovered stone tools and hominid evidence that
pushed back the dates for early humans to over 375 million years ago. Their son, Richard Leakey, discovered yet
other types of hominid skulls in Kenya, which he wrote about in Origins (1979) and Origins Reconsidered (1992), Like
physical anthropologists, cultural anthropologists study clues about human life in the distant past; however, cultural
anthropologists also look at the similarities and differences among human communities today. Some cultural
anthropologists work in the field, living and working among people in societies that differ from their own.
Anthropologists doing fieldwork often produce all ethnography, a written description of the daily activities of men,
women, and children that tells the story of the society's community life as a whole. Some cultural anthropologists do
not work in the field but rather at research universities and Museums doing the comparative and interpretive part of
the job. These anthropologists, called ethnologists, sift through the ethnographies written by field anthropologists and
try to discover crossculmtural patterns in marriage, child rearing, religious beliefs and practices, warfare--any subject
that constitutes the human experience. They often use their findings to argue for or against particular hypotheses
about people worldwide.
A cultural anthropologist who achieved worldwide fame was Margaret Mead. In 1923, Mead went to Samoa to
pursue her first fieldwork assignment--a study that resulted in her widely read book Coming of Ages in Samoa (1928).
Mead published ten major works during her long career, moving from studies of child rearing in the Pacific to the
cultural and biological bases of gender, the nature of cultural change, the structure and functioning of complex
societies, and race relations. Mead remained a pioneer in her willingness to tackle subjects of major intellectual
consequence, to develop new technologies for research, and to think of new ways that anthropology could serve
society.
51. The phrase “branch out” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A. separate. B. hurry. C. look. D. originate.
52. Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragrapgh 2?
Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
A. Physical anthropologists investigate how intelligent human beings elevolved from cratures that lived in trees.
B. There are unanswered questions about why some tree-dwelling animals have evolved only two legs.
C. People want to know more about the behaviour of animals and how some animals acquire the ability to learn.
D. Some animal populations have the power to ask questions and to learn from the events of the past.
53. The word “speculate” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A. worry. B. forget. C. disagree. D. think.
54. Why does the author discuss the Leakey family in paragraph 3?
A. To argue for an increase in the amount of research in Africa.
B. To contradict earlier theories of human evolution.
C. To give examples of fieldwork done by physical anthropologists.
D. To compare hominid evidence from Tansania with that from Kenya.
55. Which of the following is of major interest to both physical and cultural anthropologists?
A. Methods of physiology and genetics.
B. Religious beliefes and practices.
C. Child rearing in societies around the world.
D. Clues about human beings who lived long ago.
 Advanced Exercises – Nguyen Thi Hoang Lan – MA- PBC
56. The word “They” in paragraph 4 refers to
A. research universities. B. ethnologists.C. field anthropologists. D. museums.
57. The phrase “sift through” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
A. avoid. B. sort. C. discuss. D. contradict.
58. According to paragraph 4, cultural anthropologists who do fieldwork usually
A. discover hominid evidence indicating when humans evolved.
B. write an account of the daily life of the people they study.
C. work at universities and museums interpreting the work of others.
D. develop new technologies for gathering cultural data.
59. According to the passage, Margaret Mead wrote about all of the following subjects EXCEPT
A. the nature of cultural change. B. relations between people of different races.
C. the biological basis of gender. D. economic systems of pioneer women.
60. It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that Margaret Mead's work
A. made an impact on the field of anthropology. B. contradicted that of the Leakey family.
C. opened Samoa to outside influence. D. is not widely read by anthropologists today
The passage below contains 5 errors. IDENTIFY and CORRECT them. Write your answers in the space
provided in the column on the right. (5 points)
Line
1 Jazz, from its early roots in slave spirituals and the marching bands of New Orleans, had developed
2 into the predominantly American musical style by the 1930s. In this era, jazz musicians played a
3 lush, orchestrated style known as swing. Played in large ensembles, also called big bands, swing
4 filled the dance halls and nightclubs. Jazz, once considered risqué, was made more accessible to
5 masses with the vibrant, swinging sounds of these big bands. Then came bebop. In the mid-1940s,
6 jazz musicians strayed from the swing style and developed a more improvisational method of playing
7 known as bebop. Jazz was transformed from popular music to elite art form. The soloists in the big
8 bands improvised from the melody. The young musicians who ushered in bebop, notably trumpeter
9 Dizzy Gillespie and saxophonist Charlie Parker, expanded through the improvisational elements of
10 the big bands. They played with advanced harmonies, changed chord structures, and got chord
11 substitutions. These young musicians got their starts with leading big bands of the day, but during
12 World War II—as older musicians were drafted and dance halls made cut-backs—they started to
13 play together in smaller groups.
14
. Supply the correct form of the verbs in block capitals in brackets to complete the passage. (10 pts)

Mount Mulanje
Mount Mulanje in Malawi is the highest mountain in central Africa, part of a range which
comprises no fewer than twenty peaks over 2,500 metres. The range is readily
(1)……….…….by road and a day’s drive allows a (2)………………..circumnavigation. More ACCESS
energetic visitors, particularly walkers and climbers, are rewarded with an experience that is LEISURE
(3)……………….
Mulanje is a (4)……………..…. sight, visible for miles around. The giant slab of rock FORGET
appears to protrude almost vertically from the plain. This impression is borne out by the BREATH
existence of the longest sheer rockface in Africa, demanding for even the most skilled MOUNTAIN
(5)…………..….. . The explanation for this dramatic geography lies in the rock: a hard granite,
very resistant to (6)……………, which contrasts with the softer rocks of the plains. ERODE
Most visitors remain on the lower, gentler slopes, making use of forest huts for overnight
accommodation. The trek up the foothills, along clearly defined paths, is not overly CHALLENGE
(7)………………..but may take up to a week. As the climate cools gradually, almost PERCEPTIBLE
(8)………………………., with every few metres of altitude gained, so the full DIVERSE
(9)…………….………of fauna and flora is revealed in all its (10)…………….. SPLENDID