Aerial Device Safety

Presented by Eric Lumberg Date April 26, 2018

Objective

• Explain aerial device safety driven

by the ANSI A92.2 -2015
Standard
• New safety innovation
A92
• A92 Main Committee
• A92.2
• 1.2 Purpose. This standard applies to
the establishment of criteria for design,
manufacture, testing, inspection,
installation, maintenance, use, training,
and operation of vehicle-mounted aerial
devices, primarily used to position
personnel, installed on a chassis to
achieve the following objectives:
• (1) Prevention of personal injuries
and accidents.
• (2) Uniformity in ratings.
• (3) Understanding by
manufacturers, dealers, brokers,
installers, lessees, lessors,
maintenance personnel, operators,
owners, and users of their respective
responsibilities.
Publication/Effective Date

Publication Date: July 7, 2015

• Effective Date: June 2016
• The design and manufacturing
requirements of this standard apply to all
aerial platforms manufactured on or after
the effective date. All other provisions of
this standard apply to both new and
existing units delivered by sale, lease,
rental or for any form of beneficial use
on or after the effective date.
Structual Design
4.2 Structural Analysis.
• For ductile materials, the design stress shall not be more than
50%(2:1 factor of safety) of minimum yield strength of the material.
• For non-ductile material(s) and fiberglass reinforced plastic, the
design stress shall not be more than 20%(5:1 factor of safety) of
the minimum ultimate strength of the material.
Control Locaiton

4.3 Controls
• 4.3.1.1 Visibility at control positions Any control position
shall allow the operator to see the resulting movements.
Control System
• 4.3.1.2 Unlocking or Enabling device.
Control Location
4.3 Controls

• 4.3.4 Ground Travel controls

Control System

4.3 Controls
4.3.8 Platform level adjustment.
Control system

4.3 Controls
4.3.9 Automatic or programmed operation
• Automatic or programmed operation performed with the
primary function joystick, lever or switch released is
permissible provided a separate control is continuously
activated and release interrupts the movement. The use of an
unlocking or enabling device shall precede the use of the
control itself.

• Function ramps, Auto stow, etc

Hydraulic Isolation
• 4.3.10 Hydraulic isolation/selector device. A
device shall be provided that prevents
simultaneous operation of aerial device
hydraulic powered functions and
hydraulically powered stabilizers and other
components that would detrimentally effect
aerial device operation. Manually operated
devices shall remain in the bypass mode
selected by the operator. Automatic devices
shall be effective when the boom is out of the
stowed position. An over-ride may be provided
on automatic devices; however, the over-ride
mode of operation shall disable automatically.
Securing Devices
• 4.4.4 Locking Pins Any locking pins shall be secured
against unintentional disengagement and loss.
Stability

• 4.5 Stability
• 1-1/2 rated load capacity (platform and material
handling if equipped) on level ground
• 1-1/3 rated capacity on 5 degree slope
• Lightest configuration
• Outriggers/No outriggers
Slope indicators
• 4.5.4 Slope Indicator. An indicator(s) shall be provided
that is visible to the operator during set up to show
whether the aerial device is positioned within limits
permitted by the manufacturer. The allowable limits shall
be shown on the unit and in the manual. For units
designed for mobile operation, such an indicator(s) shall
be supplied in the cab.
• Larger slopes
Slopes greater than 5 degrees
• No wording in ANSI
• Limitations
• Requirements
Stability

• 4.5.8 Parking brake interlock. For aerial devices not

designed for mobile use an interlock device shall be
provided that prevents operation of the aerial device until
the parking/holding brake has been set.
Hydraulic Design

• 4.6 Hydraulic System

• 4.6.2 Venting of air
• The design of the hydraulic system shall allow entrapped air to be vented if
required for proper operation
• 4.6.3 Reservoir vent filter
• Any fluid reservoir vent shall be equipped with a filter.
Hydraulic Design

• 4.6 Hydraulic System

• 4.6.4 Fluid level indicators
• Hydraulic reservoirs for the aerial device shall be equipped with a device to
indicate the permissible liquid levels for normal operation.
Hydraulic Design

• 4.6 Hydraulic System

• 4.6.5 Fluid cleanliness
• Each hydraulic system shall have means to maintain the fluid cleanliness
level necessary for operation of the system and its components. The
manufacturer shall provide instructions for proper maintenance.
Insulating Aerial Device Categories

• Category A Barehand
• Category B Hot Sticks
• Category C Gloving
• Category D Not Gloving
• Category E Low Voltage
Insulating Aerial Device Categories

Category A
• Upper boom is primary insulation
• All conductive components are bonded at the boom tip.
• Lower test electrode system
• Gradient Shield and Corona Rings above 138kV
• Metal platforms or conductive liners
Insulating Aerial Device Categories
Category A Atmospheric Vent Valves
• Importance
• Accessibility
Insulating Aerial Device Categories
Category B
• Upper boom is secondary insulation
• Distance/MAD is primary insulation
• Lower test electrode system
• Corona Rings and Gradient Shield only if need to pass dielectric test
Insulating Aerial Device Categories
Category C.
• Boom is secondary protection
• Gloves and Cover up are primary insulation
• These aerial devices are designed for gloving work and tool methods at
voltages of 46kV and below. They shall meet the requirements of Section
4.10
3. Definitions

• Gloving. A method of performing live work on

energized electrical conductors and equipment
where one or more workers, wearing specially made
and tested insulating gloves, with or without sleeves,
work directly on the energized electrical conductor
or equipment. (See IEEE Std 516 Guide for
Maintenance Methods on Energized Power Lines).
4.10 Covers

• 4.10.1 Aerial devices intended for gloving work methods.

Aerial devices intended for gloving work methods
shall have covers for metal boom tip components of the
aerial device that are exposed to conductor contact and
are at risk of phase to ground or phase to phase current
flow.
4.10 Covers

• 4.10.2 Cover Requirements

• Covers shall be designed so that:
• (1) They are constructed of high electrical resistance
material
• (2) They are resistant to absorption of moisture and the
effects of environmental degradation.
• (3) Pre-start inspection(s) can be performed without
removal of covers.
4.10 Covers
• Altec Internal Standard
• Material types
• Material thickness
• Inspections
• Conductive component clearance
• Hardware requirements
Multiple configurations

Category A & B
• These units may be designed and configured
for gloving work provided they meet the
requirements of Section 4.10.
Insulating Aerial Device Categories

Category D.
• Aerial devices which are designed and manufactured for
work in which the insulating system is not considered as
primary insulation, but secondary. They do not need to
meet the requirements of Section 4.10 as these aerial
devices are NOT designed for gloving work methods.
They are rated at voltages of 46kV and below.
Insulating Aerial Device Categories

Category E
• Aerial devices which are designed for lower voltage
applications. Insulation requirements of the standard
may be accomplished through guarding or isolation
methods. These units are designed and manufactured
for work in which the unit is not considered as primary
insulation, but secondary. They are rated at voltages of
20kV, 5kV, 1kV and below.
Highly Resistive Controls
• 5.4.2.6 Confirmation Test of Upper Control
Components with High Electrical Resistance. Upper
controls that incorporate components for their
electrical resistance shall be tested to ensure resistance
by testing them at 40 kV ac for 3 minutes with a
maximum allowable current of 400 microamperes
(Figure 6).
Rubber Glove Classes
Meaning of Control Colors?
• ISO-Grip – Green
• Secondary Controls – Blue
• Emergency Stop - Red
Secondary lanyard protection
• Dielectric protection
• 7200 lb testing
Lanyard attachment
• 4.9.4 Anchorage(s) for Personal Fall Protection
• 4.9.4.1 Location(Boom tip, platform or platform
mounting)
• 4.9.4.2 Markings
Lanyard attachment
• 4.9.4 Anchorage(s) for Personal Fall Protection
• 4.9.4.3 Strength Requirement(3600 Lbs/person)
Lanyard attachment

• 4.9.4 Anchorage(s) for Personal Fall Protection

• 4.9.4.4 Connector Requirement(Z359.1-2007)
• 4.9.4.5 Surface(no sharp edges)
Section 7

• 7.6 Ingress/Egress
•
• 7.6.1 Steps/ Ladders. Distance between the ground or lower platform surface
to the top surface of the first step should not exceed 27 inches where possible.
Distance between the top surface of steps or rungs should not exceed 16 inches
where possible. Each step or rung with should have a minimum width of 6
inches for placement of one foot or 12 inches for placement of two feet and
minimum rung diameter of 1 inch.
•
• 7.6.2 Access opening/passage. Access opening/passage should have a
minimum width of 18 inches and minimum opening height of 30 inches.
•
• 7.6.3 Three Point Support. Steps or ladders whose inclined angle from
horizontal is greater then 50 degrees should incorporate supports which would
permit a person to use simultaneously two hands and one foot or two feet and
one hand for support while ascending or descending.
Section 7
Section 9 Users
• 9.4 Application. The employer and authorized
operator(s) shall insure that the aerial device is used only
for intended applications as defined in the operating
manual and that all recognized safety practices are
observed. The aerial device shall not be operated while
the mobile unit is positioned on trucks, trailers, railway
cars, floating vessels, scaffolds, or similar equipment
unless the application is approved in writing by the
manufacturer or a qualified person.

• 9.7 Lower Controls. The lower controls of aerial devices

shall not be used with personnel in the platform except
for operator rescue or platform recovery.
Section 10 Operators

• 10.13 Electrical Hazard. All applicable safety related

work practices intended to protect personnel from
electrical hazards shall be defined and explained to the
operator by a qualified person. The operator shall
maintain the appropriate Minimum Approach Distance
(MAD) from energized conductors and apparatus,
commensurate with the operator’s qualifications. Aerial
device or apparatus used to lift energized lines require
use of an insulating device; rated, tested and maintained
for the appropriate line voltage to prevent energizing the
boom tip. See Appendix F for information on the
Minimum Approach Distance, handling energized
apparatus and other precautions
Section 10 Operators
Safety
• ISO-Boom design to maintain dielectric integrity
• Meets MAD when retracted
OSHA Fall Protection

A. Fall Protection in Aerial Lifts

Under 29 CFR 1910.269(g)(2)(iv)(C)(l) and 29 CFR
1926.954(b)(3)(iii)(A), employees working from aerial lifts must use
either a fall restraint system or a personal fall arrest system.
OSHA believes that developing technology will eventually permit more
employers doing work covered by 29 CFR 1910.269 and 29 CFR
Part 1926, Subpart V to use fall restraint systems in bucket-type
aerial lifts. In particular anchorages.
Thus, OSHA believes that suitable fall restraint systems will eventually
become a common practice for protecting employees in bucket-type
aerial lifts from falls in all situations
Fall Protection
FALL PROTECTION LINER COMPONENTS
Fall Protection Liner replaces standard
liner

Fall Protection Anchor – Attached to

inside of liner, operator lanyard
attaches to this anchor

Secondary Strap – Attached to

outside of liner, attaches back to
boom tip structure

Liner Retention Bars – On top of liner

lip, retains liner to platform and
protects liner and platform from
damage
Fall Protection
LOAD MONITORING

Accurate load information

Considers work practices

Platform loading
Material handling
Phase lifting

Minimize preventative
maintenance

Functional and convenient

operator interface

Monitoring and notification

options
LOAD MONITORING
SYSTEM BENEFITS
Assist operators in
OPERATOR AIDE understanding
equipment capabilities

Help identify need to

modify work place
practices

Notify when unplanned

inspection is warranted
 LOAD SYSTEM
MONITORING FEATURES
- BOOM LOAD MONITORING

Measures total boom load

- Independent of load placement
- Material handling
- Jib attachments

High degree of accuracy

No external components
- Protected from damage

Minimal impact to
scheduled maintenance

Technology developed and

supported by Altec
ALTEC SYSTEM
FEATURES
PLATFORM/BOOM LOAD
MONITORING
Consistent Across Models

Light and Alarm

Load Indication
Green, Yellow, Red

Overload Indication
Blue

Technology developed and

supported by Altec
 PLATFORM & BOOM LOAD MONITORING
Alarm & Light Bar
• Visual and audible L42A
indications of load and rs
ato
system status d ic
In
• Light Bar
- Green = <90% Audible as well as 4-color
- Yellow = 90-99% light bar displays % of
- Red = >100%
rated capacity
• Alarm

m
ar
- Chirp = 100 – 110%

Al
- Solid Tone = >110%
- Chirp duration increases
with load %

Level 0 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

<90% 90-100% 100-110% 110-133% 133-150% >150%
Green
Solid On
Indicator
Yellow
Solid On
Indicator
Red
Solid On Solid On Solid On Solid On
Indicator
Variable
Alarm Solid On Solid On Solid On
Beeping
Slow Rapid
Blue Solid On
Flashing Flashing
Indicator (Latching)
(Latching) (Latching)
Culture of Safety

• Safety goals and objectives achieved through Culture of

Safety
• Designs products with conservative assumptions
• Uses latest design and analysis tools to optimize design
• Creates innovative safety features that address
customer needs
• Manufactures product to exacting specifications
• Supports products in the field
• Questions?

• Thank you!