Opening

Father God, As we start this evening for new

Prayer
learning, we ask for Your guidance. Lead us
all the way. May You let us see through Your
eyes, listen through Your ears, and speak
with Your mouth. Be with us as we explore
the world. Give us the heart to love and be
kind to one another. Please watch over our
families and loved ones. In Jesus’ name,
Amen.
HISTORICAL
EDUC 302 FOUNDATIONS OF
EDUCATION

FOUNDATIO
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Prepared by: Mary Grace J. Estrella
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CONTRIBUTIO
NS
 Today’s
TopicEducation
❑ Early Spartan
❑ Early Athenian Education
❑ Early Christian Education
Early Spartan
Education
 INTRODUCTI
ON
Sparta was a warrior society in ancient
Greece that reached the height of its power
after defeating rival city in Peloponnesian
War. Spartan Culture was centered on
loyalty to the state and military service.
INTRODUCTI
ON Spartan Education was
based upon the laws of
Lycurgus. It was the
basis of Spartan
political, social, and
educational system.
Three Spartan Virtues:
• Equality
• Military
• Austerity
The AGOGE was the ancient Spartan education
program, which trained male youths in the
art of war. The word means "raising" in the
sense of raising livestock from youth
toward a specific purpose.
 AIMS OF
❖ EDUCATION
Transformation of boys into Spartan soldiers whose
loyalty was to the state and their brothers-in-arms,
not their families.
❖ MILITARY
To make every citizen invincible in war,
possessing physical perfection.
❖ DISCIPLINE
To develop conformity and obedience, courage,
strength, cunning, endurance, and patriotic
efficiency.
 TYPES OF
EDUCATION
❖ Physical Training

❖ Military Training
 CONTENTS TO BE
STUDIED
❖ Intensive gymnastics and paramilitary
exercises.
❖ Practice in moral and social habits for
the state such as controlling the
appetite, modesty, obedience and
respect and listening intently to
elders, etc.
 CONTENTS TO BE
• STUDIED
Reading and writing to a limited extent
to understand the Lycurgus laws and some
poems of Homer.
• Music with serious, moral and martial
rhythm to arouse patriotism.
• Speech had to be laconic and terse.
• For girls, gymnastics to make them strong
to bear strong children.
 AGENCIES OF
EDUCATION
The state became the most powerful agency of
learning.
 AGENCIES OF
❖ EDUCATION
Training began at the age of seven and all male
citizens, except the firstborn male of the household,
was required to attend this training.
❖ The students would live in these communities until the
age of twenty, when they could go on to become
professional soldiers available for duty in time of
emergency in which they served until they were 60
years old.
❖ Females also received physical education, which
combined wrestling, gymnastics, and combat skills.
 ORGANIZATION OF
❖ GRADES
There was no specific record of organization of grades
to be found.
Boys Had to Pass Tests In Order to Graduate
Before graduation each boy had to steal some food without
getting caught. The purpose of this exercise was to prove
that the boy could take care of himself if he had to while
living life as a soldier. If he was caught, he was not
punished for stealing, but he was punished for getting
caught. It is believed that boys who were caught were often
beaten with a whip which was a practice normally reserved
for slaves.
 METHODS OF
INSTRUCTION
❖ Training with harsh discipline

❖ Training was given emphasis than

instruction.
 FINANCIN
G
There was no specific record of
financing to be found.
 OUTSTANDING
CONTRIBUTIONS
TO EDUCATION
❖ Physical and Military Training
❖ Discipline
❖ Patriotism
Early Athenian
Education
 INTRODUCTI
Athens
ON
was the largest and most
influential of the Greek-city states. It
was named after Athena, the goddess of
wisdom and warfare. Many of the most gifted
writers lived there. They wrote works of
drama, history, lyric, poetry, and
philosophy that have influenced literature
up to the present.
 INTRODUCTI
ON PHILOSOPHERS
THE SOCRATIC IN ANCIENT GREECE

SOCRATES PLAT ARISTOTL

 AIMS OF
❖ Good
EDUCATION
Citizenship
❖ Individual Excellence
❖ Development of mind and body for public
usefulness
❖ The emphasis of education was to prepare
well-rounded citizens capable of performing
whatever task was ask of them.
 TYPES OF
✔ EDUCATION
Civil Training
✔ Moral Training
✔ Physical Education
✔ Intellectual Education
✔ Aesthetics/Arts
✔ Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic
 CONTENTS TO BE
❑ STUDIED
Grammata
Reading
Writing on wax and tablets
Basic Math
❑ Rhetoric and Philosophy
❑ Gymnastics
❑ Homeric and other poems
 CONTENTS TO BE
STUDIED
❑ Military Training Subjects

❑ Physical Education Exercises

❑ Play Musical Instruments

 AGENCIES OF
EDUCATION
❖ At age 0-6, boys were under domestic
training and were tutored at home under
his mother or nanny.

❖ At the age of 7, they were sent to

neighborhood school, usually private
schools, for primary education.
ORGANIZATION OF
GRADES
There was no specific record of
organization of grades found.
 METHODS OF
INSTRUCTION
❖ Transmission Approaches

❖ Memorization

❖ Chanting
 FINANCIN
G
Education in Greece was provided
mainly through private tutors. And
only a handful of Greeks could
afford to educate their sons even
during the fifth century. The
natives of Athens started their
education around the age of seven.
 OUTSTANDING
CONTRIBUTIONS
❖ Development
TO EDUCATION
of subject areas is indirectly owed to
them.
❖ Moral education which was the center of Athenian
education has influenced our own system today.
❖ Introduced poetry, grammar and speech, music, art,
games and sports
❖ The greatest world philosophers came from Greece, among
whom were Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and others.
Early Christian
Education
 INTRODUCTI
ON
According to the Scripture, education is to
train (instruct) the child in ways that
they can never forget as they grow.
However, the concept of the Scripture
implies that all instructions must be
disciplinary, that is by directing the
child to do the right thing.
 INTRODUCTI
ON
Christian Education is the process by which
persons are confronted with and controlled
by the Christian Gospel. It involves the
efforts of the Christian community to guide
both young and adult persons toward an
ever-richer possession of the Christian
fellowship. It is both individual and
social in nature.
 AIMS OF
EDUCATION
❖ Moral Regeneration of Individual

❖ Relationship between God and man

❖ Salvation

❖ Social Relations based on love

 TYPES OF
EDUCATION
❖ Religious
❖ Ethical (moral) and Social
Education
❖ Universal and Democratic Education
 CONTENTS TO BE
STUDIED
❑ Basic elements of the Church
Doctrine
❑ Church Rituals
❑ Moral Values of Christ
❑ The Word of God, principle of love,
requisites for salvation, faith and
forgiveness.
 AGENCIES OF
• EDUCATION
Christian Homes were second only to the Church
as the agency of Early Christian Education
CATECHUMENAL SCHOOLS were organized for the
instruction of those who desired to become
members of the church but lacked the
requisite knowledge of church doctrines.
CATECHUMENS are the probationers who receive
the instruction in religious, discipline,
moral values, and doctrine.
AGENCIES OF
EDUCATION
CATECHETICAL SCHOOL was a school that
used catechetical or question and
answer method.

CATHEDRAL SCHOOLS remained as higher

schools of Christian Learning.
ORGANIZATION OF
GRADES
There was no specific record of
organization of grades found.
 METHODS OF
INSTRUCTION
❖ Lecture
❖ Impromptu exposition and
exhortation method
❖ Example method
❖ Catechetical method
 FINANCIN
G
There was no collected fees for
education during this period.
 OUTSTANDING
CONTRIBUTIONS
TO EDUCATION
❖ Conversion of more than one-half of the world
into Christianity with the highest ideals of
spirituality and morality.

❖ Became the basis of the subjects about the life

of Jesus Christ being taught today.
 Closing
Prayer
Dear Lord, thank you that You promise us
that when two or more come together in Your
name, You are with us.
Thank you Lord that you have been with us
throughout this lesson and that You are with
us right now.
Inspire us to love and serve You always.
In Jesus’ name, Amen.