4 Higher Engineering Mathematics

√ 
√ t +3 √ Rearranging gives: d 2 p + D 2 p = D 2 f − d2 f
t √ =2 t
t Factorizing gives: p(d 2 + D 2 ) = f (D 2 − d2 )
√ √
i.e. t +3= 2 t
f (D 2 − d2 )
√ √ and p=
and 3= 2 t − t (d2 + D2 )
√
i.e. 3= t
and 9= t Now try the following exercise

(b) Transposition of formulae Exercise 3 Further problems on simple

equations and transposition of formulae
ft
Problem 15. Transpose the formula v = u +
m In problems 1 to 4 solve the equations
to make f the subject. 1
1. 3x − 2 − 5x = 2x − 4. 2
ft ft
u+ = v from which, = v−u 2. 8 + 4(x − 1) − 5(x − 3) = 2(5 − 2x).
m m
  [−3]
ft 1 1
and m = m(v − u) 3. + = 0.
1
−8
m 3a − 2 5a + 3
√
i.e. f t = m(v − u) 3 t
4. √ = −6. [4]
m 1− t
and f = (v − u)
t 3(F − f )
5. Transpose y = . for f .
L

Problem 16. √The impedance of an a.c. circuit is 3F − yL yL
f = or f = F −
given by Z = R 2 + X 2 . Make the reactance X the 3 3
subject. 
1
6. Make l the subject of t = 2π .
 g 
R 2 + X 2 = Z and squaring both sides gives t 2g

l=
R 2 + X 2 = Z 2 , from which, 4π 2
 µL
X 2 = Z 2 − R 2 and reactance X = Z2 − R2 7. Transpose m = for L.
L + rC R

 mrC R
 L=
D f +p µ−m
Problem 17. Given that = ,
d f −p
8. Make r the subject of the formula
express p in terms of D, d and f .
 
x 1 + r2 x−y
= . r=
  y 1 − r2 x+y
f +p D
Rearranging gives: =
f −p d
f +p D2
Squaring both sides gives: = 2 (c) Simultaneous equations
f −p d
‘Cross-multiplying’ gives:
Problem 18. Solve the simultaneous equations:
d2 ( f + p) = D 2 ( f − p)
7x − 2y = 26 (1)
Removing brackets gives:
d2 f + d2 p = D 2 f − D 2 p 6x + 5y = 29. (2)