Algebra 5

5 × equation (1) gives: The factors of −4 are +1 and −4 or −1 and

35x − 10y = 130 (3) +4, or −2 and +2. Remembering that the prod-
uct of the two inner terms added to the product
2 × equation (2) gives:
of the two outer terms must equal −11x, the only
12x + 10y = 58 (4) combination to give this is +1 and −4, i.e.,
equation (3) +equation (4) gives: 3x 2 − 11x − 4 = (3x + 1)(x − 4)
47x + 0 = 188
Thus (3x + 1)(x − 4) = 0 hence
188
from which, x= =4
47 either (3x + 1) = 0 i.e. x = − 13
Substituting x = 4 in equation (1) gives:
or (x − 4) = 0 i.e. x = 4
28 − 2y = 26
from which, 28 − 26 = 2y and y = 1 (b) 4x 2 + 8x + 3 = (2x + 3)(2x + 1)
Thus (2x + 3)(2x + 1) = 0 hence
Problem 19. Solve
x 5 either (2x + 3) = 0 i.e. x = − 23
+ =y (1)
8 2 or (2x + 1) = 0 i.e. x = − 21
y
11 + = 3x. (2) Problem 21. The roots of a quadratic equation
3
are 13 and −2. Determine the equation in x.
8 × equation (1) gives: x + 20 = 8y (3)

3 × equation (2) gives: 33 + y = 9x (4) 1

If 3 and −2 are the roots of a quadratic equation then,
(x − 31 )(x + 2) = 0
i.e. x − 8y = −20 (5)
and 9x − y = 33 (6) i.e. x 2 + 2x − 31 x − 23 = 0

8 × equation (6) gives: 72x − 8y = 264 (7) i.e. x 2 + 35 x − 23 = 0

Equation (7) − equation (5) gives: or 3x2 + 5x −2 = 0

71x = 284 Problem 22. Solve 4x 2 + 7x + 2 = 0 giving the

284 answer correct to 2 decimal places.
from which, x= =4
71
Substituting x = 4 in equation (5) gives: From the quadratic formula if ax 2 + bx + c = 0 then,
√
4 − 8y = −20 −b ± b2 − 4ac
x=
2a
from which, 4 + 20 = 8y and y = 3
Hence if 4x 2 + 7x + 2 = 0

(d) Quadratic equations −7 ± 72 − 4(4)(2)
then x =
2(4)
Problem 20. Solve the following equations by √
factorization: −7 ± 17
=
(a) 3x 2 − 11x − 4 = 0 8
−7 ± 4.123
(b) 4x 2 + 8x + 3 = 0. =
8
−7 + 4.123 −7 − 4.123
(a) The factors of 3x 2 are 3x and x and these are placed = or
8 8
in brackets thus:
i.e. x = −0.36 or −1.39
(3x )(x )