Name : Jehani J.

Barat date: April 25, 2022

Course and section: BSMT 2A LAB A

ACTIVITY No. 12

Indole test

Draw your observations

What is the purpose of indole test?

The indole test is used to determine whether or not an organism can use tryptophan and create indole. As part of the
IMViC test, the test is used to distinguish members of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Proteus mirabilis is
distinguished from other Proteus species by this test.The indole combines with Kovac's reagent (hydrochloric acid
and p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in amyl alcohol) solution to form a yellow or cherry red coloration. The amyl
alcohol is water-insoluble and thus, forms a red-colored oily layer at the top of the broth.

Enumerate the organisms which test positive with indole test

 Aeromonas hydrophila
 Aeromonas punctata
 Bacillus alvei
 Edwardsiella species
 Escherichia coli
 Flavobacterium species
 Haemophilus influenzae
 Klebsiella oxytoca
 Proteus species

Interfering factors of the test?

Additional biochemical testing using pure cultures is recommended for complete identification. The tube test is a
more sensitive method of detecting indole than the spot test. When performing a spot test, Kovacs Indole Reagent
may be used as a substitute for the spot test reagent.

ACTIVITY No. 13

Methyl Red (MR) test

Draw your observations

What is the purpose of MR test?
The methyl red (MR) test identifies the creation of adequate acid during glucose fermentation and the preservation
of circumstances that keep the pH of an old culture below 4.5, as evidenced by a change in the color of the methyl
red indicator applied at the conclusion of the incubation period.

Enumerate the organisms which test positive with MR test

 Escherichia coli
 Shigella species
 Salmonella species
 Proteus species
 Citrobacter species
 Yersinia species

Interfering factors of the test?

ACTIVITY No. 14

Voges-Proskauer (VP) test

Draw your observations

What is the purpose of VP test?

The Voges-Proskauer (VP) test is used to determine if an organism produces acetylmethyl carbinol from
glucose fermentation. If present, acetylmethyl carbinol is converted to diacetyl in the presence of ∝-
naphthol, strong alkali (40% KOH), and atmospheric oxygen.

Enumerate the organisms which test positive with VP test

 Viridans group streptococci (except Streptococcus vestibularis)

  Listeria, Enterobacter
 Klebsiella
 Serratia marcescens
 Hafnia alvei
 Vibrio eltor
 Vibrio alginolyticus
Interfering factors of the test?

ACTIVITY No. 15

Citrate test
Draw your observations
What is the purpose of Citrate test?
Simmons citrate agar tests the ability of organisms to utilize citrate as a carbon source. Simmons citrate agar
contains sodium citrate as the sole source of carbon, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as the sole source of
nitrogen, other nutrients, and the pH indicator bromthymol blue.

Enumerate the organisms which test positive with Citrate test

1. Klebsiella pneumoniae
2. Enterobacter species (minority of strains gives negative result)
3. Citrobacter freundii
4. Salmonella other than Typhi and Paratyphi A
5. Serratia marcescens
6. Proteus mirabilis (minority of strains gives negative result)
7. Providencia

Interfering factors of the test?