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  • Microsoft PowerPoint - Block Cipher (DES)

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    Shaimaa Ashraf
    12 views22 pages
    The document discusses block cipher encryption schemes. It describes the Data Encryption Standard (DES) which uses a 64-bit block size and 56-bit key. The DES encryption process involves an initial permutation, followed by 16 rounds of subkey generation and data encryption using substitution boxes and transposition networks, and a final permutation. It also discusses using multiple DES encryptions, like triple DES, to strengthen security by increasing the effective key size.

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    security

    Original Title

    Microsoft PowerPoint - Block Cipher(DES) (1)

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    The document discusses block cipher encryption schemes. It describes the Data Encryption Standard (DES) which uses a 64-bit block size and 56-bit key. The DES encryption process involves an initial permutation, followed by 16 rounds of subkey generation and data encryption using substitution boxes and transposition networks, and a final permutation. It also discusses using multiple DES encryptions, like triple DES, to strengthen security by increasing the effective key size.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    12 views22 pages

    Microsoft PowerPoint - Block Cipher (DES)

    Uploaded by

    Shaimaa Ashraf
    The document discusses block cipher encryption schemes. It describes the Data Encryption Standard (DES) which uses a 64-bit block size and 56-bit key. The DES encryption process involves an initial permutation, followed by 16 rounds of subkey generation and data encryption using substitution boxes and transposition networks, and a final permutation. It also discusses using multiple DES encryptions, like triple DES, to strengthen security by increasing the effective key size.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 22

    r

    me
    ram
    BLOCK CIPHER
    rog
    DES – ENCRYPTION
    eP
    BY / MOHAMED FATHY
    Th
    BLOCK CIPHER SCHEME

    r
    me
    ram
    Encrypt

    rog
    Cipher Block Of
    Plaintext Block of Length (n)
    length (n)
    eP
    Secret Key (K)
    Th

    Decrypt
    DATA ENCRYPTION STANDARD

    r
    me
    ram
    64 bit (M) 64 bit (C)
    DES Encryption
    Key: 64bit

    rog
    Parity (8 bit)+ 56 bit= 64 bit
    56 bits (K)
    64bit input and 64 bit output
    eP
    Th
    KEY

    r
    me
    0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1

    ram
    0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
    0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
    0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1

    rog
    1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
    1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0
    eP
    1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
    1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
    Th
    Th
    eP
    rog
    ram
    me
    r
    GENERATES KEYS

    r
    PC-1

    me
    57 49 41 33 25 17 9

    ram
    1 58 50 42 34 26 18
    10 2 59 51 43 35 27
    19 11 3 60 52 44 36

    rog
    63 55 47 39 31 23 15
    7 62 54 46 38 30 22
    eP
    14 6 61 53 45 37 29
    21 13 5 28 20 12 4
    K= 00010011 00110100 01010111 01111001 10011011 10111100 11011111 11110001
    Th

    K p= 1111000 0110011 0010101 0101111 0101010 1011001 1001111 0001111


    r
    me
    • K p= 1111000 0110011 0010101 0101111 0101010 1011001 1001111 0001111

    ram
    • C0= 1111000 0110011 0010101 0101111

    rog
    • D0= 0101010 1011001 1001111 0001111
    eP
    Th
    Iteration Number Number Of Left Shifts
    1 1
    2 1

    r
    3 2

    me
    4 2
    5 2

    ram
    6 2
    7 2
    8 2

    rog
    9 1
    10 2
    eP
    11 2
    12 2
    13 2
    Th

    14 2
    15 2
    16 1
    Th
    eP
    rog
    ram
    me
    r
    PC-2

    r
    me
    14 17 11 24 1 5

    ram
    3 28 15 6 21 10
    23 19 12 4 26 8
    16 7 27 20 13 2

    rog
    41 52 31 37 47 55
    30 40 51 45 33 48
    eP
    44 49 39 56 34 53
    46 42 50 36 29 32
    C0D0=11110000011001100101010101111 0101010101100110011110001111
    Th

    K 1= 000110 110000 001011 101111 111111 000111 000001 110010


    • K 1= 000110 110000 001011 101111 111111 000111 000001 110010
    • K 2= 011110 011010 111011 011001 110110 111100 100111 100101

    • K 3= 010101 011111 110010 001010 010000 101100 111110 011001

    r
    • K 4= 011100 101010 110111 010110 110110 110011 010100 011101

    me
    • K 5= 011111 001110 110000 000111 111010 110101 001110 101000

    ram
    • K 6= 011000 111010 010100 11110 010100 0000111 101100 101111
    • K 7= 000110 110000 001011 101111 111111 000111 000001 110010
    • K 8= 111011 111000 101000 111010 110000 010011 101111 111011

    rog
    • K 9= 000110 110000 001011 101111 111111 000111 000001 110010
    • K10=1001110 00111 000111 101010 000011 010111 001111 010101
    eP
    • K11=0010000 010101 11111 010011 110111 101101 0011110 000110
    • K12= 000110 110000 001011 101111 111111 000111 000001 110010
    • K13= 000110 110000 001011 101111 111111 000111 000001 110010
    Th

    • K14= 011101 011011 001110 000011 000011 010101 101010 111011


    • K15= 000110 110000 001011 101111 111111 000111 000001 110010
    • K16= 000110 110000 001011 101111 111111 000111 000001 110010
    Th
    eP
    rog
    ram
    me
    r
    Th
    eP
    rog
    ram
    me
    r
    Th
    eP
    rog
    ram
    me
    r
    EXPANSION PERMUTATION

    r
    me
    ram
    rog
    eP
    Th

    R0= 1111 0000 1010 1010 1111 0000 1010 1010


    E(R0)=011110 100001 010101 010101 01110 100001 010101 010101
    Th
    eP
    rog
    S-BOX

    ram
    me
    r
    Th
    eP
    rog
    R XOR K

    ram
    me
    r
    r
    me
    ram
    rog
    eP
    Th

    F=0010 0011 0100 1010 1010 1001 1011 1011


    r
    me
    • F=0010 0011 0100 1010 1010 1001 1011 1011

    ram
    • XOR L0
    • ‫ ﺛﻡ ﻧﺎﺧﺫ‬R0

    rog
    eP
    The DES 56-bit key length is not long enough for some critical applications
    Th
    DOUBLE DES

    r
    C = E(k2, E(k1,M))

    me
    ram
    M E E C

    rog
    eP K1 K2
    • Key size should be 56+56 = 112 bits

    • Meet in the middle attack: Double DES is equivalent in


    Th

    work factor to one encryption with a 57-bit key.


    TRIPLE DES

    r
    C = E(k3, D(k2, E(k1,M)))

    me
    ram
    M E D E C

    rog
    K1
    eP K2 K3

    • Key size = 3 * 56 = 168 bits

    • The middle decryption is for backward compatibility with single DES (make
    Th

    k1 = k2 = k3).
    TRIPLE DES
    • Another version is:

    r
    C = E(k1, D(k2, E(k1,M)))

    me
    ram
    rog
    M E D E C
    eP
    K1 K2 K1

    • Key size = 2 * 56 = 112 bits


    Th

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