GREGORIO, SHIELA MAE B.
DECEMBER 7, 2021
ARCH 3A
Module 13 Martial Law Learning Activity
Claims of Marcos in his Tenth State of
the Nation Address
“In 3 years, we have demonstrated a
capacity for recovery and growth, but as
in other countries the gains – however
dramatic – have not brought us complete
fulfillment.”
“The nature of the problems we face –
whether they originate from within our
society or from conditions abroad
continues to challenge fundamental
assumptions in politics, in the economy,
and in society itself.”
“The farmer has rediscovered himself and
has attained for himself a new identity,
where before he was an abject tenant,
today he is a proud landowner. “
“Many have already strayed away from
the struggle, and forgotten the revolution
we have mounted, choosing to reap
benefits they did not sow, and grow so
Claims of Lacaba in Lying Down in Air
Pete Lacaba, was a journalist, poet and
film scriptwriter who was jailed from
1974 to 1976 without any charges.
His deposition was printed by Daily
Tribune which detailed his suffering in the
hands of the military — part of the
documents of the class action lawsuit filed
on behalf of 9,539 Filipinos who were
tortured, summarily executed, or
disappeared during the Marcos
dictatorship.
He was taken to the back, the troops’
sleeping quarters. Constabulary officers
and enlisted men — including a buck
private who was himself under detention,
for murder — took turns making him a
punching bag.
He was made to lie down with the back of
his head resting on the edge of one steel
cot, both his feet resting on the edge of
another steel cot, his arms straight at his
sides, and his stiffened body hanging in
 bold as to assume that others will do their midair. This was the torture they called
work for them.” higa sa hangin (lying down in air), also
known as the San Juanico Bridge, named
after the country’s longest bridge, built
during martial law and dedicated by
Marcos to his wife Imelda.
“The massive cleanup of government He was injected with a ‘truth serum’.
offices that followed the proclamation of
martial law has failed to keep the slate
clean. Worse, there are new sores that are
clearly emerging, inflicted by those who
hold the wrong belief that the leadership
is too preoccupied with other problems,
that the people can be intimidated, or are
too complacent, or that they can lake any
liberties they please with our people, our
Republic, and our reforms.”

Conclusion:
The dictatorship of Philippine President Ferdinand E. Marcos in the 1970s and 1980s is
renowned for its record of human rights violations, notably against political opponents,
student activists, journalists, religious workers, farmers, and others who opposed the
Marcos regime.

His regime was deadly, especially for those who stood against Marcos who were either
killed or went missing. According to HRVVMC, 11,103 individuals had fallen victims to
rights violations by the dictatorship. The count, however, covered only those with
approved claims for compensation from the Human Rights Reparation and Recognition
Act of 2013. Amnesty International (AI) said there were 107,200 victims, mostly killed,
tortured, and imprisoned by the Marcos regime.
During his period he promoted the ideology of "constitutional authoritarianism" through
several social engineering experiments grouped under the name of the "bagong lipunan,"
or "new society."

Wherein an ideology is a belief system that serves as the foundation for a political or
economic theory. Ideologies serve as the guiding concepts for governing a society.
Liberalism, conservatism, socialism, communism, theocracy, agrarianism, totalitarianism,
democracy, colonialism, and globalism are examples of ideologies.