COURSE CODE: ARCH- 316 CREDIT HOURS: 2(1,1,3)

BUILDING SERVICES AND SYSTEM II

SEMESTER V
LECTURE # 5 & 6

Course Instructors

Ar. Khizra Shahzad Dated: 28th July, 2022 – 4th August, 2022
INTRODUCTION

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

 BASIC PRINCIPLES
Fire Fire
Avoidance Containment

Fire
Detection

Fire Growth
Restriction

Smoke
Control
Fire
Control
 Fire
INTRODUCTION TO FIRE Techniques Fighting
FIGHTING & SAFETY & Equipment Control
Systems
Fire
SYSTEMS classifications

Fire
Introduction to Fire Fighting & Protection Awareness
Protection from fire damage is Systems
essential to the preservation of
library and archival materials. A
firefighting system is probably the
most important of building services, Fire
its aim is to protect human life and CASE STUDY classifications
property.
 TECHNIQUES &
Fire detector Fire sprinklers Fire extinguishers Large tanks
EQUIPMENT
Firefighting systems depends on
removing one or more of the three
elements essential to combustion: fuel,
heat, and oxygen.

Equipment are used to extinguish fires Network of pipes Network of pipes

and limit the damage caused by them. Pump room

Fire sprinklers

Hydrant
FIRE CLASSIFICATION
Class A - Ordinary materials such as paper, wood,
cloth

Class B - Flammable liquids or Combustible liquids

such as gasoline, paint, propane, kerosene

Class C - Electrical equipment fires, appliances,

switches, panels

Class D - Certain metals such as magnesium,

sodium, potassium, titanium, and aluminum.

Class K - Fires involving commercial cooking

appliances with vegetable oils, animal oils or fats at
high temperatures.
 FIRE PROTECTION
SYSTEMS
 Advantages: System simplicity and reliability, relatively
Dry Pipe Fire Sprinkler System low installation and maintenance expenses, and ease of
modification
Dry pipe sprinkler system is one in which
pipes are filled with pressurized air or
 Disadvantages: Wet pipe systems are not suited for sub-  Advantages: Dry pipe sprinkler systems
nitrogen, rather than water freezing environments. There may be also concern from provide automatic protection in spaces
leaking and severe damages in pipes. where freezing is possible
Wet Pipe Fire Sprinkler System
 Disadvantages: Increased complexity,
A wet pipe system is one in which water is higher installation and maintenance
constantly maintained within the sprinkler costs, lower design flexibility, increased
piping fire response time.
 FIRE PROTECTION
SYSTEMS  Advantages: This feature provides an added level of
protection against inadvertent discharge.
Pre-action Fire Sprinkler  Disadvantages: Higher installation and maintenance costs,
System modification difficulties, and potential decreased reliability
In this, water is held from piping by an
electrically operated valve, known as a pre-
action valve.

CO2 Fire Suppression Systems  Advantages: Using CO2: Fast,

Fast, efficient and adaptable to a wide range environmentally friendly, non-
of hazards, the discharge of carbon dioxide. damaging, and nonconductive
  The first one consist of the fire
alarm systems that involve
detectors, the second one consist
of the pumping system, and both
Fire Fighting parts are interconnected by the
control panel. When a fire occurs,
Control Systems the sensor in smoke detection
device senses a danger in the area
and sends a signal to the control
panel in the alarm system, which is
Alarm systems in turn connected to a valve, then
the valves open due to the signal
Pumping system from the sensor. Sprinkler now is
opened to send the proper
materials so the fire is
extinguished quickly.
  YOU MUST KNOW
 The place where the fire fighting extinguishers are
kept
 The place where fire hydrant hoses and fire buckets
are kept.
DO’s and DONT’s
DO NOT allow to use lift
 Fire hydrant points Use only staircase left side
Do not run to fire zone without extinguisher
AWARENESS  The telephone numbers of fire brigade
 what is the class of fire and what kind of fire
Close window & door as you leave fire zone
Do not shout
extinguisher can be used for this class of fire
DO NOT open door & not to switch on Exhaust fan
 Application of water on liquid fire and electrical fire Do not waste time to collect personnel belongings
How to educate public causes fire to spread
Use wet towel on your mouth and nose
 The route for escape is marked and pasted on each Crawl at lower level while passing through smoke
Signage of emergency exit door in room Do not break sealed window
Do not jump out of window
Rehearses The water buckets and sand buckets should not be
removed unless required for fighting the fire
 Emergency action plans shall be provided for high-rise, assembly, special
amusement buildings, health care, day-care centers, residential board and care,
hotels and dormitories, detention and correctional, industrial, storage, mercantile,
educational occupancies, underground and window less structures or where
required by AHJ.

Emergency Action Plan Requirements

Emergency plans shall include the following:
Plans (1) Procedures for reporting of emergencies
(2) Occupant and staff response to emergencies
(3) Evacuation, relocation and shelter-in-place procedures appropriate to the
building, its occupancy, emergencies, and hazards
(4) Appropriateness of the use of elevators
(5) Design and conduct of fire drills
(6) Type and coverage of building fire protection systems
(7) Formation of emergency response teams (8) Other items required by AHJ
CASE STUDY BAHRIA ORCHARD OFFICE, LAHORE.
 PUMP ROOM
GROUND FLOOR PLAN HYDRANT
FIRE ESCAPE

7 hydrants are provided in the periphery of ground

floor plan. FIRE + DOMESTIC
Under ground water tank is given on the rear side of TANK
the building. Tank has the capacity for both domestic
use and fire fighting.
Fire fighting water storage is 15000 gallons.
Domestic use water storage is 5000 gallons.
6” dia MSFF pipe takes the water from tank to the
building.
Diameter of MSFF pipe changes from place to place
to maintain the flow and pressure of water.
6” diameter pipe runs across all corridors and size
decreases further to 4”, 3”,2”,1.5” & 1” gradually.
Smoke alert fire sprinkler system is installed in the HYDRANT
building.
2 nos. of emergency fire escapes are provided on
each floor.
Reel hose cabinet system is provided inside and
FIRE ESCAPE
outside.
 FIRE ESCAPE

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

6” diameter MSFF pipe takes the water from tank to
the building.
Diameter of MSFF pipe changes from place to place
to maintain the flow and pressure of water.
6” diameter pipe runs across all corridors and size
decreases further to 4”, 3”,2”,1.5” & 1” gradually.
Smoke alert fire sprinkler system is installed in the
building.
2 nos. of emergency fire escapes are provided on FM 200 system
each floor.
Reel hose cabinet system is provided inside and installation
outside.
FM200system is installed in record rooms for intense
security.
FIRE ESCAPE
 FM 200 system
installation
FIRE ESCAPE
SECOND FLOOR PLAN
6” diameter MSFF pipe takes the water from tank to
the building.
Diameter of MSFF pipe changes from place to place
to maintain the flow and pressure of water.
6” diameter pipe runs across all corridors and size
decreases further to 4”, 3”,2”,1.5” & 1” gradually.
Smoke alert fire sprinkler system is installed in the
building.
2 nos. of emergency fire escapes are provided on
each floor. FM 200 system
Reel hose cabinet system is provided inside and installation
outside.
FM200system is installed in record rooms for intense
security.

FIRE ESCAPE
FM 200 system
installation
 FIRE ESCAPE

THIRD FLOOR PLAN

6” diameter MSFF pipe takes the water from tank to
the building.
Diameter of MSFF pipe changes from place to place
to maintain the flow and pressure of water.
6” diameter pipe runs across all corridors and size
decreases further to 4”, 3”,2”,1.5” & 1” gradually.
Smoke alert fire sprinkler system is installed in the
building.
2 nos. of emergency fire escapes are provided on
each floor.
Reel hose cabinet system is provided inside and
outside.

FIRE ESCAPE
FLOOR PLAN OF
UNDER GROUND
WATER TANK
 SECTIONAL
ELEVATION OF
U.G.W.T.
SITE PICTURES

Fire sprinkler Outdoor Reel hose cabinet Indoor Reel hose cabinet

Fire escape door Fire extinguisher Fire alarm Emergency staircase