Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
CARAGA Administrative Region
Division of Butuan City
BUTUAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL- STAND ALONE
Purok 9, Brgy. Taguibo, Butuan City

SEMI-DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN

ACCOUNTANCY, BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT 1
August 29,2019

I. Content Standard:
The learners demonstrate an understanding of:
• The two major types of books of accounts, namely: journal and ledger

II. Performance Standard

The learners shall be able to:
• Differentiate a journal from a ledger and identify the types of journal and ledgers

III. Competency:
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
 Identify the uses of the two books of accounts

IV. Content: Books of Accounts

a. Subject: Journal and Ledger

V. Learning resources
a. References: Fundamentals of Accountancy, Business and Management 1 by
Joselito Florendo pp. 144-157
b. Teacher’s Guide pp. 65
c. Materials: Metacards, Board, Laptop, Projector,Chalk

VI. PROCEDURES

A. Preliminaries
1. Prayer
2. Greetings
3. Arranging of chairs
4. Checking of attendance
5. Review of the past lesson

B. Activity/Motivation/ Diagnostic
WORD ASSOCIATION- There will be words posted on the board and the students
will associate the posted words to Journal and Ledger through metacards.

C. Analysis
Ask the students why they chose to associate those words to Journal and Ledger.

D. Abstraction
The teacher will discuss:
1. What is book of Accounts?
Book of Accounts are the finance records, ledgers, and journals that compose
the company’s accounts.

2. Discuss about journal

a. What is Journal?
Journal is the recording of transactions and events in chronological
order.
Journal is referred to as the book of original entry. For each transaction the
journal shows the debit and credit effects on specific accounts.
The journal makes several significant contributions to the recording
process:
• It discloses in one place the complete effects of a transaction.
• It provides a chronological record of transactions.
• It helps to prevent or locate errors because the debit and credit amounts
for each entry can be easily
compared.

b. Kinds of Journal
- General Journal, basic journal. It has spaces for dates,
account titles and explanations, references, and two amount
columns.

The recording of the financial information into the journal is called

journalizing.

Example of General Journal

- Special Journals are used in large business organizations,

where it is found inconvenient to journalize every transaction in
one journal. Therefore, the journal is sub-divided into different
 journals known as the subsidiary books. The journal is divided in
such a way that a separate book is used for each class of
transactions
Commonly used Special Journals are:
The following are the commonly used special journals:
1. Cash Receipts Journal – used to record all cash that has been
received
2. Cash Disbursements Journal – used to record all transactions
involving cash payments
3. Sales Journal (Sales on Account Journal) – used to record all
sales on credit (on account)
4. Purchase Journal (Purchase on Account Journal) – used to
record all purchases of inventory on credit (or on account)

Example of Special Journals:

3. What is a Ledger?
a. Ledger refers to the accounting book in which the accounts and their
related amounts as recorded in the journal are posted periodically.
The ledger is also called the ‘book of final entry’ because all the balances
in the ledger are used in the preparation of financial statements. It
represents the accumulation of all information about changes in an asset,
liability, revenue or expense item in one place This
is also referred to as the T-Account because the basic form of a ledger is
like the letter ‘T’.

b. Kinds of Ledger
- General Ledger, (commonly referred by accounting
professionals as GL) GL) is a grouping of all accounts used in
the preparation of financial statements. The GL is a controlling
account because it summarizes all the activities that have taken
place as recorded in its subsidiary ledger.

- Subsidiary Ledger, is a group of like accounts that contains the

independent data of a specific general ledger. A subsidiary ledger
is created or maintained if individualized data is needed for a
specific general ledger account. An example of a subsidiary
ledger is the individual record of various payables to suppliers.
The total amount of these subsidiary ledgers should equal the
balance in the Accounts Payable general ledger.

Sample of Ledger
 4. Summary

E. Application
Now that the students have an understanding about the definition, kinds and uses
of Journal and Ledger. Let them apply their understanding by correcting the
associated words for Journal and Ledger in their previous activity of this lesson.

VII. Evaluation
Multiple Choice
Instruction: Chose the correct answer.
1. _______ are the finances records, ledgers, and journals that compose the
company’s accounts.
a. Cash payment journal
b. Subsidiary ledger
c. Sales journal
d. Books of Account
2. A transaction is first recorded in a record called a _____
a. Journal
b. Ledger
c. Chart of Accounts
d. Book of Sales
3. The Cash receipt journal is used in journalizing ____
a. All transaction sales
b. All cash received
c. All purchases
d. All cash paid
 4. A ______ represents the accumulation of all information about changes in an
asset, liability, revenue or expense item in one place.
a. Journal
b. Ledger
c. Chart of Accounts
d. Book of Sales
5. Ledger differ from journals in that ledger____
a. Serve as check and balance tool of the company
b. Provide a chronological order of records of the company transaction
c. Are grouping of all accounts of a company with its outstanding balance
d. Help prevent and locate error as debits and credits

VIII. Assignment
1. Differentiate General Ledger from a Subsidiary Ledger.
2. Differentiate General Journal from a General Ledger.

Prepared By:

ALBIE D. OTAZA
Teacher II

Noted By:

VALENTIN S. CATUBURAN
Principal I