Unit 1 - Topic 1 - Cell Biology - (11 HL and SL)

Unit 1: Topic 1 "Cell Biology" (11 HL and SL)
Westhill Institute, S.C. Ana (Ana) Almeida, Nahieli Silva
IB DP #BioBestclassever SL (Grade 11) Highschool
Summary
Subject Year Start date Duration

Biology Grade 11, Grade 12 Week 4, August 8 weeks 20 hours
Course Part
Topic 1. Cell Biology
Description
Students will learn the structures and functions of cells and organelles. A focus will also be put on the use of stem cells in
medical treatments.
Inquiry & Purpose
Transfer Goals
Students will be able to identify the organelle which is malfunctioning based on a description of cellular or bodily actions.
Essential Understandings
1.1 The evolution of multicellular organisms allowed cell specialization and cell replacement.
1.2 Eukaryotes have a much more complex cell structure than prokaryotes.
1.3 The structure of biological membranes makes them fluid and dynamic.
1.4 Membranes control the composition of cells by active and passive transport.
1.5 There is an unbroken chain of life from the first cells on Earth to all cells in organisms alive today.
1.6 Cell division is essential but must be controlled.
Inquiry Questions
Type Inquiry Questions
Content-based Are there roles for isolated stem cells in medical therapies?
Content-based Where do therapeutic stem cells come from?
Westhill Institute, S.C.

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Curriculum
Aims
Become critically aware, as global citizens, of the ethical implications of using science and technology
Objectives
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of
facts, concepts, and terminology
methodologies and techniques
Apply
facts, concepts, and terminology
methodologies and techniques
Syllabus Content
Core
1. Cell biology
1.1 Introduction to cells
Nature of science:
Looking for trends and discrepancies—although most organisms conform to cell theory, there are exceptions.
Ethical implications of research—research involving stem cells is growing in importance and raises ethical issues.
Understandings:
According to the cell theory, living organisms are composed of cells.
Organisms consisting of only one cell carry out all functions of life in that cell.
Surface area to volume ratio is important in the limitation of cell size.
Multicellular organisms have properties that emerge from the interaction of their cellular components.
Specialized tissues can develop by cell differentiation in multicellular organisms.
Differentiation involves the expression of some genes and not others in a cell’s genome.
The capacity of stem cells to divide and differentiate along different pathways is necessary in embryonic
development and also makes stem cells suitable for therapeutic uses.
Applications and skills:
Application: Questioning the cell theory using atypical examples, including striated muscle, giant algae and
aseptate fungal hyphae.
Application: Investigation of functions of life in Paramecium and one named photosynthetic unicellular organism.
Application: Use of stem cells to treat Stargardt’s disease and one other named condition.

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Application: Ethics of the therapeutic use of stem cells from specially created embryos, from the umbilical cord
blood of a new-born baby and from an adult’s own tissues.
Skill: Use of a light microscope to investigate the structure of cells and tissues, with drawing of cells. Calculation
of the magnification of drawings and the actual size of structures and ultrastructures shown in drawings or
micrographs. (Practical 1)
1.2 Ultrastructure of cells
Nature of science:
Developments in scientific research follow improvements in apparatus—the invention of electron microscopes

led to greater understanding of cell structure.
Understandings:
Prokaryotes have a simple cell structure without compartmentalization.
Eukaryotes have a compartmentalized cell structure.
Electron microscopes have a much higher resolution than light microscopes.
Application: Structure and function of organelles within exocrine gland cells of the pancreas and within palisade
mesophyll cells of the leaf.
Application: Prokaryotes divide by binary fission.
Skill: Drawing of the ultrastructure of prokaryotic cells based on electron micrographs.
Skill: Drawing of the ultrastructure of eukaryotic cells based on electron micrographs.
Skill: Interpretation of electron micrographs to identify organelles and deduce the function of specialized cells.
1.3 Membrane structure
Nature of science:
Using models as representations of the real world—there are alternative models of membrane structure.
Falsification of theories with one theory being superseded by another—evidence falsified the Davson-Danielli
model.
Understandings:
Phospholipids form bilayers in water due to the amphipathic properties of phospholipid molecules.
Membrane proteins are diverse in terms of structure, position in the membrane and function.
Cholesterol is a component of animal cell membranes.
Application: Cholesterol in mammalian membranes reduces membrane fluidity and permeability to some solutes.
Skill: Drawing of the fluid mosaic model.
Skill: Analysis of evidence from electron microscopy that led to the proposal of the Davson-Danielli model.

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Skill: Analysis of the falsification of the Davson-Danielli model that led to the Singer-Nicolson model.
1.4 Membrane transport
Nature of science:
Experimental design—accurate quantitative measurement in osmosis experiments are essential.
Understandings:
Particles move across membranes by simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis and active transport.
The fluidity of membranes allows materials to be taken into cells by endocytosis or released by exocytosis.
Vesicles move materials within cells.
Application: Structure and function of sodium-potassium pumps for active transport and potassium channels for
facilitated diffusion in axons.
Application: Tissues or organs to be used in medical procedures must be bathed in a solution with the same
osmolarity as the cytoplasm to prevent osmosis.
Skill: Estimation of osmolarity in tissues by bathing samples in hypotonic and hypertonic solutions. (Practical 2)
1.5 The origin of cells
Nature of science:
Testing the general principles that underlie the natural world - the principle that cells only come from pre-existing
cells needs to be verified.
Understandings:
Cells can only be formed by division of pre-existing cells.
The first cells must have arisen from non-living material.
The origin of eukaryotic cells can be explained by the endosymbiotic theory.
Application: Evidence from Pasteur’s experiments that spontaneous generation of cells and organisms does not
now occur on Earth.
1.6 Cell division
Nature of science:
Serendipity and scientific discoveries—the discovery of cyclins was accidental.
Understandings:
Mitosis is division of the nucleus into two genetically identical daughter nuclei.
Chromosomes condense by supercoiling during mitosis.
Cytokinesis occurs after mitosis and is different in plant and animal cells.

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Interphase is a very active phase of the cell cycle with many processes occurring in the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Cyclins are involved in the control of the cell cycle.
Mutagens, oncogenes and metastasis are involved in the development of primary and secondary tumours.
Application: The correlation between smoking and incidence of cancers.
Skill: Identification of phases of mitosis in cells viewed with a microscope or in a micrograph.
Skill: Determination of a mitotic index from a micrograph.
Content
1.1 Introduction to cells.
1.2 Ultrastructure of cells.
1.3 Membrane structure.
1.4 Membrane transport.
1.5 Origin of cells.
1.6 Cell cycle.
Skills
• Use a light microscope to investigate the structure of cells and tissues.
• Calculate the magnification of drawings and the actual size of structures of prokaryotes and eukaryotes shown in drawings
or micrographs.
• Perform an investigation or construct models of cell membranes that explain the movement of molecules across membranes
with membrane structure and function.
• Identify the phases of mitosis in cells and determine the mitotic index.
• Interpret electron micrographs to identify organelles and deduce the function of specialized cells.
• Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying
• out experiments.
• Attend to precise meaning of terms as they are used in particular scientific or technical contexts.
• Write arguments that logically sequences claims, reasons, and evidence.
Concepts
Structure and function: This relationship is probably one of the most important in a study of biology and operates at all levels of
complexity. Students should appreciate that structures permit some functions while, at the same time, limiting others.

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ATL Skills
Approaches to Learning
Thinking
- In this unit, we will
give students time to think through their answers before asking them for a response
help students to make their thinking more visible (for example, by using a strategy such as a thinking routine)
Self-management
- In this unit, we will
set deadlines for students to meet
practise or discuss strategies to increase concentration
Developing IB Learners
Learner Profile
Open-minded
Connections
Metacognition
Reflection on content
Reflection on skills
Reflection on concepts
International Mindedness
Stem cell research has depended on the work of teams of scientists in many countries who share results there by speeding up
the rat of progress. However, national governments are influenced by local, cultural and religious traditions that impact on the
work of scientists and the use of stem cells in therapy.
Academic Integrity
Working on MLA citations,.
Information Communication Technology
We will work on digital notebooks

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Language and Learning
Activating background knowledge
TOK Connections
Core theme
Key concepts
• There is a difference between the living and the non-living environment. How are we able to know the difference?
• The world that we inhabit is limited by the world that we see. Is there any distinction to be drawn between knowledge claims
dependent upon observations made by sense perception and knowledge claims dependent upon observations assisted by
technology?
• The explanation of the structure of the plasma membrane has changed over the years as new evidence and ways of analysis
have come to light. Under what circumstances is it important to learn about theories that were later discredited?
• Biology is the study of life, yet life is an emergent property. Under what circumstances is a systems approach productive in
biology and under what circumstances is a reductionist approach more appropriate? How do scientists decide between
competing approaches?
• A number of scientific discoveries are claimed to be incidental or serendipitous. To what extent might some of these
scientific discoveries be the result of intuition rather than luck?
CAS Connections
Creativity
• C: Create a gigantic cell (human scale).

• C: Create a podcast.
Assessment
Formative Assessment
SEP It`s Alive!!

22 Formative Homework 1/3 Students Wednesday at 7:30 PM
Create_your_Own_Organism_It_s_Alive.pptx Sep 3, 2021
SEP It`s Alive!!

SEP 1.1 Introduction to cells

17 Formative Homework 6/9 Students Friday at 7:00 PM
-Students will create an info graph of the cell theory and its exceptions.

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- Students will create a table in which they compare and contrast Scenedesmus and Paramecium, the table must
contain: metabolism, respiration, excretion, response to stimuli, growth cell size and number, reproduction sexual or
asexual, homeostasis and nutrition.
-Students will upload their notes for this LE.


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SEP 1.2 Ultrastructure of cells

- Students will solve and upload the micrograph challenge answers.
- Students will solve and upload the micrograph practice worksheet.
- Students will make and upload the biological drawings of: Eucaryote and Prokaryote cells from a micrograph of their
choosing.
- Students will create interactive notes on the ultrastructure of cells.
- Students will upload notes for LE 1.2

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choosing.

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OCT 1.3 Membrane Structure

- Students will make a biological drawing of the cell membrane.
- Students will answer the following questions: https://app.kognity.com/redire...
- Students will make an essay on false theories of the cell membrane.

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-Students will upload a picture of their gigantic cell
-Students will upload their drawing of the cell membrane.
-Students will create an essay on False theories of the cell membrane.
OCT 1.4 Membrane transport

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6 Formative Homework 1/3 Students Wednesday at 7:10 AM
- Students build a sodium-potassium pump model.
-Students will build models for each membrane transport.
- Students will upload their notes for topic 1.4

8 Formative Homework 5/9 Students Friday at 8:15 AM
-Students will turn in the 1.4 notes
-Students will turn in the video and membrane model

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OCT 1.5 The origin of Cellls and Life

- Students will research and make an essay about:
Where does cells come from and what is life?
-LUCA
-Thermodynamics
-Primordial soup
-Chloroplast division
-Eukaryotes
-Endosymbiosis
-Photobionts
-Students will answer Kognity Questions: https://app.kognity.com/redire...
- Students will upload their notes for topic 1.5
OCT 1.6 Cell Cycle

-Students will upload the notes for Topic 1.6
- Students will answer Kognity questions: https://app.kognity.com/redire...
- Students will make a diagram of cell division.

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-Students will upload the answers to the readings done in class (individually).
1.5_Reading_Questionnaire.pptx Oct 6, 2021
-Students will solve Kognity Questions:
OCT 1.6 Cell Cycle

1.6_Mitosis_Sort_Instructions.pptx Oct 22, 2021
1.6_Mitosis_sorting.docx Oct 22, 2021
Students will turn in:
-Notes for the topic 1.6
-Cytokinesis Review
-Mitosis sorting
-Review mitosis
-Review of cyclins
-Mitotic Index.
- IB questions https://app.kognity.com/redire...
Stream & Resources
Week 1: IB Biology Materials and Introduction
Nahieli Silva
1
Posted 8 files on Aug 25, 2021 at 1:30 PM
Presentations Unit 1. Cell Biology

Hello guys!! Here are all presentations for Unit 1.
Topic 1: Cell Biology


Page 15 of 32

1.6 Cell cycle.
Remember that it is a requirement to come to class with notes already made for each topic, using the ppt and kognity.
T1_1.1_Introduction_to_Cells_pt1.pptx
20 MB PowerPoint Presentation
T1_1.1_Introduction_to_Cells_pt2_.pptx
T1_1.2_Ultrastructure_of_cells_pt1.pptx
T1_1.2_Ultrastrucure_of_cells_pt2.pptx
T1_1.3_Membrane_Structure.pptx
T1_1.4_Membrane_Transport.pptx
T1_1.5_The_Origin_of_Cells.pptx
T1_1.6_Cell_Cycle.pptx
Nahieli Silva
2
Posted 9 files on Sep 1, 2021 at 8:45 AM
Books Books and More Books

All Books you will need for this unit
251799-biology-drawing-skills-handbook.pdf
3 MB PDF Document

Page 16 of 32
Raven_Johnson_McGraw-Hill_Biology.pdf
50 MB PDF Document
The_Manga_Guide_to_Molecular_Biology.pdf
10 MB PDF Document
Biology_for_the_IB_Diploma.pdf
30 MB PDF Document
Biology_For_Dummies__2nd_Edition.pdf
4 MB PDF Document
40 MB PDF Document
Biology_for_the_IB_Diploma___PDFDrive__.pdf
40 MB PDF Document
commandtermsibbiology.pdf
1 MB PDF Document
The_lives_of_a_cell.pdf
400 KB PDF Document
Nahieli Silva
3
Posted 3 files on Aug 31, 2021 at 8:40 AM
IB Survival Guide and Syllabus

IB Survival Guide
IB_Biology_DP_Survival_Guide.docx
3 MB Word Document
Syllabus.pdf
2 MB PDF Document
Unit_1.JPG
200 KB Image File

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Week 2-3: 1.1 Introduction to cells
Nahieli Silva
1
1.1 Readings in class
Biological_Complexity_and_Integrative_Levels_of_Organization___Learn_Science_at_Scitable.pdf
500 KB PDF Document
Emergent_properties_from_organisms_to_ecosystems__towards_a_realistic_approach.pdf
500 KB PDF Document
Stem_cells_and_stargardt_s_disease.pdf
3 MB PDF Document
Nahieli Silva
2
Posted 5 files on Sep 2, 2021 at 3:29 PM
1.1 Exercises done in class.
T1_1.1_Microscopy_study.pptx
T1_1.1_Review_Cell_Theory.pptx
1.1_Microscope_math_practice.pdf
1 MB PDF Document
T1_1.1_More_Microscope_Math_Practice.pptx
300 KB PowerPoint Presentation
1.2_Biological_Drawings_Practice.pdf
2 MB PDF Document

Page 18 of 32
Nahieli Silva
3
Posted task on Sep 7, 2021 at 8:52 AM

Nahieli Silva
4
SEP It`s Alive!!

Week 3-4: 1.2 Ultrastructure of cells.

Page 19 of 32
Nahieli Silva
1

NOTE: The lives of a cell (is optional but it gives you extra points if you read it).
1.2_Biological_Drawings_Skills.pdf
3 MB PDF Document
1.2_The_lives_of_a_cell.pdf
400 KB PDF Document
1.2_The_Manga_Guide_to_Molecular_Biology_1-52.pdf
10 MB PDF Document
Nahieli Silva
2
1.2_Micrograph_Challenge__Sheet.docx
20 KB Word Document
1.2_Micrograph_Challenge_Images_1.pdf
1 MB PDF Document
2 MB PDF Document
1.2_Micrograph_practice_worksheet.docx
700 KB Word Document
T1_1.2_Micrograph_practice.pptx
T1_1.2_Prokaryotic_Structure_review.pptx
2 MB PDF Document

Page 20 of 32
Nahieli Silva
3

choosing.
Week 5: 1.3 Membrane Structure
Nahieli Silva
1
Posted website on Sep 22, 2021 at 12:03 PM

https://www.visionlearning.com/en/library/Biology/2/Membranes-I/198

Page 21 of 32
Nahieli Silva
2
T1_1.3_Thought_experiment_answers.pptx
T1_1.3_Thought_Experiments.pptx
Nahieli Silva
3

-Students will upload a picture of their gigantic cell
-Students will upload their drawing of the cell membrane.
-Students will create an essay on False theories of the cell membrane.
Week 6: 1.4 Membrane Transport

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Nahieli Silva
1
T1_1.4_Active_Transport.pptx
T1_1.4_Diffusion.pptx
T1_1.4_Osmosis.pptx
T1_1.4_Passive_Transport_Review.pptx
T1_1.4_Phospholipid_Review.pptx
T1_1.4_Review_of_osmosis.pptx
Nahieli Silva
2
Posted task on Oct 5, 2021 at 8:22 AM

-Students will turn in the 1.4 notes
-Students will turn in the video and membrane model

Page 23 of 32
Week 7: 1.5 Origin of Cells
Nahieli Silva
1
Posted 3 files on Oct 6, 2021 at 10:47 AM
1.5 Readings done in class
1.5_Archeas.pdf
700 KB PDF Document
1.5_Birth_of_Complex_Cells.pdf
700 KB PDF Document
1.5_Slaves_to_evolution.pdf
300 KB PDF Document
Nahieli Silva
2
Posted video on Oct 6, 2021 at 10:52 AM
1.5 Videos Watched in class

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4LhBZ2H5SwM

Page 24 of 32
Nahieli Silva
3

-Students will upload the answers to the readings done in class (individually).
1.5_Reading_Questionnaire.pptx Oct 6, 2021
-Students will solve Kognity Questions:
Week 8: 1.6 Cell Cycle
Nahieli Silva
1
1.6 Exercise done in class
T1_1.6_mitosis__hand_jive.doc
6 MB Word Document
T1_1.6_MItotic_Index_Images_Key.pptx
T1_1.6_MItotic_Index_Images.pptx
T1_1.6_Mitotic_Index.pptx
Nahieli Silva
2
Posted website on Oct 15, 2021 at 10:36 AM

https://www.scienceintheclassroom.org/research-papers/arrested-development-when-cells-make-mistakes
Nahieli Silva
3
OCT 1.6 Cell Cycle


Page 25 of 32
1.6_Mitosis_Sort_Instructions.pptx Oct 22, 2021
1.6_Mitosis_sorting.docx Oct 22, 2021
Students will turn in:
-Notes for the topic 1.6
-Cytokinesis Review
-Mitosis sorting
-Review mitosis
-Review of cyclins
-Mitotic Index.
- IB questions https://app.kognity.com/redire...
Resources
Nahieli Silva
Posted website on Oct 15, 2021 at 10:36 AM
https://www.scienceintheclassroom.org/research-papers/arrested-development-when-cells-make-mistakes
Nahieli Silva
1.6 Exercise done in class
T1_1.6_mitosis__hand_jive.doc
6 MB Word Document
T1_1.6_MItotic_Index_Images_Key.pptx
T1_1.6_MItotic_Index_Images.pptx
T1_1.6_Mitotic_Index.pptx

Page 26 of 32
Nahieli Silva
Posted video on Oct 6, 2021 at 10:52 AM
1.5 Videos Watched in class
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4LhBZ2H5SwM
Nahieli Silva
1.5_Archeas.pdf
700 KB PDF Document
1.5_Birth_of_Complex_Cells.pdf
700 KB PDF Document
1.5_Slaves_to_evolution.pdf
300 KB PDF Document
Nahieli Silva
T1_1.4_Active_Transport.pptx
T1_1.4_Diffusion.pptx
T1_1.4_Osmosis.pptx
T1_1.4_Passive_Transport_Review.pptx
T1_1.4_Phospholipid_Review.pptx

Page 27 of 32
T1_1.4_Review_of_osmosis.pptx
Nahieli Silva
T1_1.3_Thought_experiment_answers.pptx
T1_1.3_Thought_Experiments.pptx
Nahieli Silva
Posted website on Sep 22, 2021 at 12:03 PM
https://www.visionlearning.com/en/library/Biology/2/Membranes-I/198
Nahieli Silva

NOTE: The lives of a cell (is optional but it gives you extra points if you read it).
1.2_Biological_Drawings_Skills.pdf
3 MB PDF Document
1.2_The_lives_of_a_cell.pdf
400 KB PDF Document
1.2_The_Manga_Guide_to_Molecular_Biology_1-52.pdf
10 MB PDF Document
Nahieli Silva

Page 28 of 32
1.2_Micrograph_Challenge__Sheet.docx
20 KB Word Document
1 MB PDF Document
2 MB PDF Document
1.2_Micrograph_practice_worksheet.docx
700 KB Word Document
T1_1.2_Micrograph_practice.pptx
T1_1.2_Prokaryotic_Structure_review.pptx
2 MB PDF Document
Nahieli Silva
Biological_Complexity_and_Integrative_Levels_of_Organization___Learn_Science_at_Scitable.pdf
500 KB PDF Document
Emergent_properties_from_organisms_to_ecosystems__towards_a_realistic_approach.pdf
500 KB PDF Document
Stem_cells_and_stargardt_s_disease.pdf
3 MB PDF Document
Nahieli Silva

Page 29 of 32
T1_1.1_Microscopy_study.pptx
T1_1.1_Review_Cell_Theory.pptx
1.1_Microscope_math_practice.pdf
1 MB PDF Document
T1_1.1_More_Microscope_Math_Practice.pptx
2 MB PDF Document
Nahieli Silva
Books Books and More Books

All Books you will need for this unit
251799-biology-drawing-skills-handbook.pdf
3 MB PDF Document
Raven_Johnson_McGraw-Hill_Biology.pdf
50 MB PDF Document
The_Manga_Guide_to_Molecular_Biology.pdf
10 MB PDF Document
30 MB PDF Document
Biology_For_Dummies__2nd_Edition.pdf
4 MB PDF Document
40 MB PDF Document

Page 30 of 32
Biology_for_the_IB_Diploma___PDFDrive__.pdf
40 MB PDF Document
commandtermsibbiology.pdf
1 MB PDF Document
The_lives_of_a_cell.pdf
400 KB PDF Document
Nahieli Silva
Posted 3 files on Aug 31, 2021 at 8:40 AM
IB Survival Guide and Syllabus

IB Survival Guide
IB_Biology_DP_Survival_Guide.docx
3 MB Word Document
Syllabus.pdf
2 MB PDF Document
Unit_1.JPG
200 KB Image File
Nahieli Silva
Posted 8 files on Aug 25, 2021 at 1:30 PM
Presentations Unit 1. Cell Biology

Hello guys!! Here are all presentations for Unit 1.
Topic 1: Cell Biology

1.6 Cell cycle.
Remember that it is a requirement to come to class with notes already made for each topic, using the ppt and kognity.
T1_1.1_Introduction_to_Cells_pt1.pptx

Page 31 of 32
T1_1.1_Introduction_to_Cells_pt2_.pptx
T1_1.2_Ultrastructure_of_cells_pt1.pptx
T1_1.2_Ultrastrucure_of_cells_pt2.pptx
T1_1.3_Membrane_Structure.pptx
T1_1.4_Membrane_Transport.pptx
T1_1.5_The_Origin_of_Cells.pptx
T1_1.6_Cell_Cycle.pptx

Page 32 of 32

Unit 1 - Topic 1 - Cell Biology - (11 HL and SL)

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Unit 1: Topic 1 "Cell Biology" (11 HL and SL)

Westhill Institute, S.C. Ana (Ana) Almeida, Nahieli Silva

IB DP #BioBestclassever SL (Grade 11) Highschool