CHRISANTA MANUELA M.

ELPA WEEK 4- PHYSICS

STEM B

Newton’s First
Law of Motion
Activity 1. Concept Map
What to do: Find four words or phrases in the box that you can associate with inertial
frame of reference. Write your answers in a concept map as shown below.

Guide Question:
1. Using the words/phrases in your concept map, define an inertial frame of
reference.
-Unless another force acts on it, an object in an inertial frame is at rest or moving at
a constant speed.
Activity 2. Draw
Me! What to do:

A. Consider the interaction depicted below among foot A, ball B, and foot C. The
three objects interact simultaneously (at the same time). Identify the two pairs of
action reaction forces. Use the notation "foot A", "foot C", and "ball B" in your
statements.
B. Draw free-body diagrams for the given problems. Write your answers in a
separate sheet of paper.
1. A rightward force is applied to a book in order to move it across a desk
with a rightward acceleration. Consider frictional forces. Neglect air
resistance.

2. A boat is at rest when tied with a rope on the tree along the shoreline. The
forces acting on it are the weight of the boat pulling it down and the
buoyant force of the water that is pushing it up. The two forces acting
on the boat are equal in magnitude but oppositely directed. Thus, the
vector sum of the forces is zero. Draw the free-body diagram of the
situation at rest.
Activity 3. Analyze It!
What to do: Analyze the following problems. Write your answers in a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Use Newton’s first law of motion to explain how wearing a seatbelt in a moving
car could help prevent injury.

- Seat belts save you from bouncing about inside the car in the case of an
accident. Seat belts tighten automatically in the case of a collision. They continue
onward (Newton's First Law) since there is no unbalanced force acting on them after the
automobile accident. The person pushes against the seat belt, exerting strain on it.

2. Why do passengers in a bus move backward when the bus suddenly moves
forward (from being stationary)? Why do the passengers move forward when it
suddenly brakes and stops?

- When a bus abruptly accelerates, passengers tend to fall backward owing to

inertia. When the bus abruptly comes to a halt, the passengers slump forward due to
inertia, since they are still in motion (to the fact) of movement despite the fact that the
vehicle has come to a halt.

3.An elevator is being pulled upward at a constant velocity by a cable. While the
elevator is moving upward at constant velocity, how does the magnitude of the
upward force exerted on the elevator by the cable compare to the magnitude of the
downward force of gravity on the elevator?

-Gravity, a typical downward force applied by you, and an upward force applied by the
tension in the elevator's cable. The typical force is equal to the normal force multiplied by your
apparent weight. As a consequence, you feel heavier than normal when the elevator accelerates
higher and lighter than usual when it accelerates lower.
Activity 4. Classify Me!
What to do: Using the table below, classify the situations whether the friction
force present is static or kinetic. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

KINETIC FRICTION STATIC FRICTION

● A car slams on its brakes and ● Rolling a ball on a smooth pathway

skids to a stop

● Pushing a loaded box across the ● Pushing that box of books on the
floor table but didn’t move

● Your father pulling a heavy table ● Food in the table

● Your sister standing in the front

of your door

● A face towel hanging on a wall

● A bookmark in a box

● A car park on the inside

Guide Question:
1. Differentiate static friction and kinetic friction based on the given activity.
-When an object moves through a combination of force and motion, this is called
kinetic friction.
-Static friction either gives or keeps an object at rest.

REFLECTION
● Cite at least three personal experiences which show Newton’s first law of
motion.
- A Car Parked at Rest on A Hill
- When you’re driving a motorcycle and abruptly apply the brakes.
- A Kite Flying through the Air