FLOATING SOLAR POWER PLANT

GUIDED BY, PRESENTED BY,

ARUN V CHRISTO STEEPHAN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AIK18ME012 ,S7 ME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
AISAT AISAT
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CONTENTS

● INTRODUCTION
● CONCEPT
● COMPONENTS
● FEATURES
● PRESENT PROJECTS
● WORKING
● COMPARISON
● ADVANTAGES
● DRAWBACKS
● CONCLUSION
● REFERENCE

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INTRODUCTION
● Floating solar PV plants are an emerging form of PV systems that float on the water.
● Ever increasing power demand & depletion of fuels Leads to shift our focus to
renewable energy sources.
● Large scale solar pv systems progress in the country are delayed due to requirement
of large suitable and cost effective area
● Wind & hydro energy sources are area specific but PV can be installed at any place.
● Major challenge of solar PV is requirement of land, Floating solar PV is an alternative
● The energy obtained from solar PV system is renewable,eco-friendly & sustainable.

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FLOATING SOLAR PV SYSTEM
● Floating solar arrays are PV systems that float on the surface of drinking
water reservoirs, quarry lakes, irrigation canals or remediation and tailing
ponds.
● A small number of such systems exist in France, India, Japan, South Korea,
the United Kingdom, Singapore and the United States.
● The systems are said to have advantages over photovoltaic on land.
● They achieve higher efficiencies than PV panels on land, because water cools
the panels.
● The panels have a special coating to prevent rust or corrosion
● This concept is innovative because, about 70% of the earth’s surface is
covered with water
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Floating solar power plant structure and components
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COMPONENTS OF FLOATING SOLAR PV

➢ PV MODULE
➢ INVERTERS
➢ PONTOON / FLOATING
STRUCTURE
➢ ANCHORING AND MOORING
SYSTEM
➢ CABLING

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PV MODULE
● The basic integral part of the FSPV plant is
solar PV modules, poly or monocrystalline or
thin film solar panels are used for the installation
of the project.
● According to the available data, the optimal
possible condition is the horizontal angle of 30
degrees (northwest direction, wind direction)

PV MODULE

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INVERTERS

● DC power generated from solar PV

modules is taken to the inverter
through a series of combiner boxes
and finally converted into AC power.
● Depending upon scale and distance
from shore, inverters can be placed
either on a separate floating platform
or on land.

CENTRAL TYPE INVERTER

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FLOATING PLATFORM
● It supports all necessary components
like solar PV during the project time.
● HDPE is the most popular material
being used in a majority of the FSPV
power plants across the globe and
Other materials like FRP, medium
density polyethylene (MDPE), and
ferro-cement are also been utilized.

HDPE FLOATER
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ANCHORING AND MOORING SYSTEM
● Used to avoid the situations like wind
velocity, variations in water levels and
factors like location, bathymetry,soil
conditions and water-level variations.
● Mooring system for a floating platform
is generally attached with nylon
polyester or nylon nautical ropes that
are further tied to bollards on the bank
and lashed at each corner.

ANCHORING

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CABLING
● Cable size depends are voltage and
current of the cable and losses from
the cable.
● Extra cable length in form of slack to
be provided for accommodating the
movement of the floating platform.
● The cables can be routed in two ways,
either via float on water surfaces or via
submarine cables.

FLOATING CABLE
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FEATURES OF FLOATING SOLAR PV SYSTEM

★ By installing solar panels over a pond, the panels are naturally cooled,
resulting in improved power production performance.
★ The cooler environment also reduces stress on the system,extending the
system’s lifespan
★ Aside from generating power, the systems also provide other environmental
benefits like reducing water evaporation rate upto 70% and reducing algae
formation

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VARIOUS FLOATING SOLAR PV INSTALLATION IN INDIA

● Small size power plants (up to 100 kwp)

In kolkata 10 kw also known as first solar power plant of india.
● Medium size power plants (100 to 500 kwp)
In kerala 100 kw,this plant is operated by NPTC.
2 MW project by greater visakhapatnam .
● Large size power plants (above 1500 kwp)
1 GW india plans worlds largest floating solar power plant at madhya
pradesh.

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WORKING OF SOLAR PANEL

1. Sunlight hits the solar panels, and creates an electric field.

2. The electricity generated flows to the edge of the panel, and into a conductive wire.
3. The conductive wire brings the electricity to the inverter, where it is transformed from
DC electricity to AC, which is used to power buildings.
4. Breaker box distributes the electricity throughout the building as needed.
5. Any electricity not needed upon generation flows through the utility meter and into
the utility electrical grid.

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FLOW CHART OF SOLAR PANEL

1;PANEL,/ 2;INVERTER, /3;METER,/ 4;BREAKBOX ,/5;ELECTRICAL GRID

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POWER OUTPUT COMPARISON OF FLOATING PV OVER
SOLAR PV ON LAND

Blue line indicating floating solar and red line indicates solar on land
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ADVANTAGES

● No land is required for the construction

● Drastically reduced installation time and associated cost due to very little
site preparation needs
● Cleaning is easy by usage of water
● Cooling effect by water increase power generation efficiency
● Decrease water evaporation
● Reduce algae formation in the water
● Clean / renewable energy
● Long life

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DRAWBACKS

● Initial cost of purchasing a floating solar is expensive

● During cloudy and rainy days efficiency will drop
● Solar energy storage is expensive
● All electrical wiring and other equipment used should be water resistant

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CONCLUSION
● With the advancement in solar photovoltaic system, the floating solar power plant plays a vital
role.
● The advantage of the floating system is reduction of evaporation, thus helping preserve water
levels during extreme summer.
● When panels are installed on floating platform, the heating problem of solar panel on land is
solved to a great extent.
● This floating technology is long-lasting, cost effective, flexible and less time for
installation.
● The advantages and technical details of floating solar power plant are presented in this
paper. With this advancement, country like India can meet its power demand in future

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REFERENCE
● Abid, M., Abid, Z., Sagin, J., Murtaza, R., Sarbassov, D., Shabbir, M., 2019. Prospects of floating
photovoltaic technology and its implementation in Central and South Asian Countries. Int. J. Environ.
Sci. Technol. 16 (3), 1755–1762.
● Armstrong A. Ostle N. J. Whitaker J. 2016 Solar park microclimate and vegetation management effects
on grassland carbon cycling. Environmental Research Letters 11, 074016, 1–11.
doi:10.1088/1748-9326/11/7/074016.
● Rauf, Huzaifa; Gull, Muhammad Shuzub; Arshad, Naveed (2019). Integrating Floating Solar PV with
Hydroelectric Power Plant: Analysis of Ghazi Barotha Reservoir in Pakistan. Energy Procedia, 158(),
816–821. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.214

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THANK YOU

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