NATIONAL INSTITUTE

OF TECHNOLOGY
RAIPUR CHHATTISGARH

DEPARTMENT OF
ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURAL
DESIGN V

SUBMITTED BY :

20122054
SANSKAR GUPTA
SELF SUFFICIENT HOUSING
Self-sufficient homes supply all their own energy, water, sewer needs, and food – they are the ultimate in green living dwellings! A self-sufficient home
is also built from recycled or renewable products that are locally sourced.

REQUIREMENT OF A SELF SUFFICIENT HOUSING

● SEWAGE SYSTEM ● ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION ● ARABLE LAND

● WASTE MANAGEMENT ● WATER PURIFICATION

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CONTEXT OF THE SITE
CLIMATIC FEATURES:

● Chhattisgarh is a state located in central India. It has a tropical climate. It is hot and
humid in the summer because of its proximity to the Tropic of Cancer and its
dependence on the monsoons for rains. Average temperature in chhattisgarh is 33°C.
● Two types predominate: the black, clayey soils and the red-to-yellow soils.

LOCAL BUILDING MATERIALS

BRICK WOOD EARTH CONCRETE STEEL

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SOLAR ENERGY

Solar panels receive sunlight during the day which they convert to energy through the
photovoltaic effect. In simple terms, solar panels contain silicon cells as the active
material which when exposed to sunlight create free electrons which flow through an
electrical circuit. Read our complete explanation on how solar panels work here.

The quantity of solar panels you will need for you install depends on a number of factors:

● The amount of sunshine you receive in your location

● The angle and orientation of your roof
● How much energy you typically consume in winter and summer.

With a large usable roof area, perhaps you can sacrifice some efficiency and buy more larger panels (at a lower cost per panel) to get to your
target energy output. But if your usable roof area is limited, or if it’s partially shaded, being able to use fewer smaller high efficiency panels may be
the best way to make the most possible power over the long term, ultimately saving you more money.

● Since you will be meeting some of your energy needs with the electricity your solar system has generated, your energy bills will drop.
How much you save on your bill will be dependent on the size of the solar system and your electricity or heat usage.
● For example, if you are a business using commercial solar panels this switch can have huge benefits because the large system size can
cover large chunks of your energy bills.
● Moreover, not only will you be saving on the electricity bill, but there is also a possibility to receive payments for the surplus energy that
you export back to the grid through the Smart Export Guarantee (SEG). If you generate more electricity than you use (considering that
your solar panel system is connected to the grid).

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Solar panel dimensions
● Typical residential solar panel dimensions today are about 65 inches by 39 inches, or 5.4 feet by 3.25 feet, with some variation among
manufacturers. SunPower panels are 61.3 inches by 41.2 inches.
● These dimensions have remained more-or-less unchanged for decades, but the efficiency and output from that same footprint have changed
dramatically for the better. In addition, SunPower designs entire systems to have virtually no gaps between panels and uses invisible framing
and mounting hardware to keep the rooftop footprint as tight, efficient and attractive as possible.

Solar System Size No Of PV Panels (330 Area Required

W Each)

1 kW Solar System 3 65 sq.ft – 90 sq.ft

2 kW Solar System 6 145 sq.ft – 180 sq.ft

3 kW Solar System 9 205 sq.ft – 270 sq.ft

5 kW Solar System 12 285 sq.ft – 450 sq.ft

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ARABLE LAND

Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around urban areas. It
encompasses a complex and diverse mix of food production activities, including fisheries and forestry, in many cities in both developed and
developing countries.Urban agriculture is also the term used for animal husbandry, aquaculture, urban beekeeping, and horticulture. These activities
occur in peri-urban areas as well. Peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.

Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development. It may be a social movement for sustainable communities,
where organic growers, "foodies", and "locavores" form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism. These
networks can evolve when receiving formal institutional support, becoming integrated into local town planning as a "transition town" movement for
sustainable urban development. For others, food security, nutrition, and income generation are key motivations for the practice. In both scenarios,
more direct access to fresh vegetables, fruits, and meat products through urban agriculture can improve food security and food safety.

Greenhouses Roof Garden Animal Husbandry

City farms are agricultural plots in urban areas, that have people working with animals and plants to produce food. They are usually community-run
gardens[15] seeking to improve community relationships and offer an awareness of agriculture and farming to people who live in urbanized areas. They
are important sources of food security for many communities around the globe. City farms vary in size from small plots in private yards to larger farms
that occupy a number of acre
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SEWER
● The underground conduit for the collection of sewage is called
sewer. A network of sewers and appurtenances for the collection and
conveyance of sewage generated from each of the properties to
sewage pumping station for pumping to sewage treatment and
disposal is called Sewage System. There are two types of
sewerage system.
● 1. Separate sewerage system
● 2. Combined sewerage system.
● Separate sewerage system
● In separate system of sewerage there are two collection systems or
pipe network;
● one for collecting domestic sewage as sanitary sewerage system
and
● another for collecting storm water as storm water drainage system.
● The sanitary sewerage systems for domestic sewage are designed
for peak sewage flow expected at ultimate stage at the end design
period. The storm water drainage systems are designed to carry the
maximum storm runoff expected during the critical duration of
rainfall.
Advantages of separate sewerage system are:

● The capacity of the water treatment plant will be smaller since only domestic sewage alone is to be treated.
● Operational problems are less.
Disadvantage of separate sewerage system are:
● Storm water may always find its way into the domestic sewerage system either through wrong house sewer connections or through
manholes and overload the sewage treatment plant.
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WATER PURIFICATION

Water purification is the process of removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, suspended solids, and gases from water. The goal
is to produce water that is fit for specific purposes. Most water is purified and disinfected for human consumption (drinking water), but water
purification may also be carried out for a variety of other purposes, including medical, pharmacological, chemical, and industrial applications.

Water treatment is any process that improves the

quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific
end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water
supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water
recreation or many other uses, including being safely
returned to the environment. Water treatment removes
contaminants and undesirable components, or reduces
their concentration so that the water becomes fit for its
desired end-use. This treatment is crucial to human
health and allows humans to benefit from both drinking
and irrigation use.
Water is the most crucial compound for life on Earth, and
having drinkable water is a key worldwide concern for
the twenty-first century. All living things require clean,
uncontaminated water as a basic requirement. Water
covers more than 71 percent of the earth’s surface, but
only around 1% of it is drinkable according to
international standards due to various contaminations .

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WASTE MANAGEMENT
Waste management (or waste disposal) includes the processes and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final
disposal.This includes the collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste, together with monitoring and regulation of the waste
management process and waste-related laws, technologies, economic mechanisms.
● Waste can be solid, liquid, or gases and each type has different methods of disposal and management. Waste management deals with
all types of waste, including industrial, biological, household, municipal, organic, biomedical, radioactive wastes. In some cases, waste
can pose a threat to human health. Health issues are associated throughout the entire process of waste management. Health issues
can also arise indirectly or directly.
● Directly, through the handling of solid waste, and indirectly through the consumption of water, soil and food. Waste is produced by
human activity, for example, the extraction and processing of raw materials.[4] Waste management is intended to reduce adverse effects
of waste on human health, the environment, planetary resources and aesthetics.
● The aim of waste management is to reduce the dangerous effects of such waste on the environment and human health. A big part of
waste management deals with municipal solid waste, which is created by industrial, commercial, and household activity.

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SERVICES AND PUBLIC SPACES

CLEANING SERVANTS GROCERY STORE AND DAIRY RESTAURANT AND CAFE

LAWN AND GARDEN GYM

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REFERENCES

● https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/self-sufficient-home/59276/#:~:text=What%20is%20a%20self%2Dsufficient,product
s%20that%20are%20locally%20sourced
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_agriculture#Farms
● https://www.agrifarming.in/suitable-crops-for-clay-soil-clay-soil-properties#:~:text=Heavy%20clay%20soils%20are%20slow,
Pea%2C%20Potato%20and%20Daikon%20radish.
● https://www.britannica.com/place/Chhattisgarh
● https://www.greenmatch.co.uk/blog/2014/08/5-advantages-and-5-disadvantages-of-solar-energy